| Hawai'i Hochi Building | |
| Alternate Names: | Hawaii Hochi |
| Address: | 917 Kokea Street, Honolulu, Hawaii |
| Location Country: | United States |
| Years Built: | 1972-1975 |
| Architect: | Kenzō Tange |
| Architectural Style: | Brutalism, Tropical Modernism |
| Structural System: | Cast-in-place concrete |
| Client: | Konosuke Oishi, Hawaii Hochi (Newspaper publisher) |
| Current Tenants: | Unoccupied |
The Hawai'i Hochi Building, located at 917 Kokea Street, Honolulu, Hawaii, is a notable edifice that exemplifies a meld of Brutalist aesthetics with the tropical ambiance of Hawaii. The building was conceived by distinguished Japanese architect Kenzo Tange, a laureate of the Pritzker Prize, and was constructed in 1972, marking it one of Tange's two completed architectural venture in the United States. Initially, it served as the headquarters for the Hawaii Hochi newspaper, a publication with deep roots in the Japanese immigrant community in Hawaii, reflecting a broader socio-cultural narrative through its architectural design. Over time, the Hawaii Hochi Building has garnered attention from architectural scholars and preservationists. Educational initiatives, such as workshops at Yale School of Architecture, have leveraged the building as a case study for exploring adaptive reuse strategies, underscoring its significance in the realm of Brutalist architecture. Its narrative continues to evolve with the recent relocations of Hawaii Hochi, LTD., indicating a transition in its functional history while maintaining its emblematic architectural essence.
The Hawaii Hochi Building stands as a testament to Kenzo Tange's architectural prowess, showcasing a unique blend of Brutalist and Tropical Modernism aesthetics. Tange, acclaimed for his avant-garde approach to architecture, embraced the principles of Tropical Modernism in designing the Hawaii Hochi Building, which entails a harmonious fusion of modern architectural elements with tropical climatic conditions.[1]
Constructed in 1972, the building's design exudes a Brutalist aesthetic, characterized by the extensive use of raw concrete and an industrial ambiance. The interior courtyard, a hallmark of Tropical Modernism, not only accentuates the building’s Brutalist ethos but also serves as an adaptive response to Hawaii's tropical climate.[1] This blend of architectural styles underscores the building’s significance as it melds modernist architectural principles with the locale's tropical essence.
The Hawaii Hochi Building's design goes beyond mere aesthetics, encapsulating the social significance of the Hawaii Hochi newspaper, which emerged from a crucial historical context involving Japanese plantation workers.[2] The architectural elements reflect a narrative intertwined with Hawaii's socio-cultural landscape and the immigrant community's experiences.
The Hawaii Hochi Building's architectural narrative continues to resonate with preservationists and architectural scholars, embodying an enduring legacy of Tropical Modernism and Brutalist aesthetics in a harmonious dialogue with Hawaii's tropical milieu. Through its design, the building narrates a broader story of architectural evolution, societal narratives, and the ongoing discourse on adaptive reuse and preservation of historical edifices.
The inception of the Hawaii Hochi Building is intimately tied to Konosuke Oishi and the he Hawaii Hochi newspaper, a publication that served as a voice for the Japanese immigrant community in Hawaii. Established against a backdrop of a significant labor movement in 1902,[3] the newspaper mirrored the aspirations and challenges faced by the community.[2] Konosuke Oishi's decision to commission a building for the Hawaii Hochi newspaper was not merely a functional requirement, but also a symbolic gesture towards creating a lasting imprint of the Japanese community's heritage and discourse in Hawaii.[4]
The choice of Kenzo Tange, a lauded Japanese architect, to design the Hawaii Hochi Building was a deliberate endeavor to infuse a modern architectural lexicon with a touch of traditional essence. The construction of the building in 1972 marked a significant moment, as it was one of Tange's two completed project in the United States and only project in Hawaii.[5] [6] [7] This venture reflected a broader dialogue between modernist architectural paradigms, represented by Brutalist aesthetics and Tropical Modernism, and the socio-cultural narratives prevalent in Hawaii at the time.
Moreover, the building's location at 917 Kokea Street in Honolulu provided a strategic vantage point, embedding it within the urban fabric of the city and facilitating its role as a communication hub for the Hawaii Hochi newspaper.[8]
As time unfolded, the Hawaii Hochi Building witnessed transitions in its functional utility. Recent relocations of Hawaii Hochi, LTD., signify a shift in the building's operational narrative, while concurrently emphasizing its enduring architectural value. The relocation also highlights the evolving dynamics of urban development and the adaptive reuse potential of historically significant buildings.[9]
The Hawaii Hochi Building, through its architectural grandeur and historical lineage, continues to narrate a rich tale of cultural heritage, architectural innovation, and the indelible imprint of community narratives on urban landscapes. Its history is a testament to the enduring legacy of architectural and cultural symbiosis, encapsulating the essence of Hawaii's multifaceted socio-cultural and architectural tapestry.
Kenzo Tange, an already distinguished Japanese architect, had a limited yet impactful foray into architectural projects in the United States during the 1970s. Contrary to some reports, his engagement was not solely with the Hawaii Hochi Building in Honolulu, but also extended to the mainland. Tange's notable project during this period was the 1974 expansion of an arts complex in Minneapolis, demonstrating his ability to transcend cultural and geographical boundaries with his architectural prowess.
The journey towards the adaptive reuse and preservation of the Hawaii Hochi Building has been spearheaded by key individuals and institutions recognizing its architectural and historical value. Honolulu architect Dean Sakamoto has taken on the mantle to prevent the loss of such valuable architectural resources by finding new uses for notable buildings. A significant initiative has been to reimagine the Hawaii Hochi Building in Kapālama, with the support of Kamehameha Schools and the city, aiming to transform it into a workforce housing hub. This transformation is part of a larger vision to revitalize the industrial footprint of the area, with the building's raw concrete structure standing as a testament to its past significance, particularly its connection to the Hawaii Hochi newspaper and the Japanese immigrant community.
Moreover, the adaptive reuse proposals for the building have fostered educational initiatives. A notable example is an advanced studio workshop co-led by Sakamoto and Canadian architect Brigitte Shim at Yale School of Architecture. The workshop centered on the Hawaii Hochi Building, tasking students with proposing adaptive reuse strategies and integrating the building into a new urban ensemble of workforce housing, public space, and public programs. This educational venture not only explored innovative urban development strategies but also underscored the building's potential as a pedagogical tool for architectural education.[2]
The adaptive reuse and preservation efforts for the Hawaii Hochi Building have catalyzed various educational and public engagement activities. The collaborative workshop at Yale's School of Architecture is a prime example of the building serving as a catalyst for educational discourse and architectural innovation. The support from Kamehameha Schools further emphasizes the building's role in fostering a collaborative educational environment.[2]
The engagement of local community stakeholders, such as Kamehameha Schools and city planners, in the adaptive reuse initiatives showcases a broader spectrum of educational and community engagement. This collaboration aims to leverage the architectural heritage of the Hawaii Hochi Building for urban development and educational purposes, creating a confluence of ideas among architects, students, local community members, and urban planners.
Furthermore, the discourse around the Hawaii Hochi Building's preservation and its potential for adaptive reuse has propelled community awareness and appreciation for architectural heritage. It opens avenues for dialogue among various stakeholders, fostering a shared vision for sustainable urban development and architectural preservation. Through these engagements, the Hawaii Hochi Building emerges as a focal point for educational and community dialogue on architectural heritage, urban sustainability, and the symbiosis between historical narratives and contemporary urban needs.