| Haudha ibn Ali al-Hanafi | |
| King of al-Yamamah | |
| Type: | King |
| Consort: | no |
| Full Name: | Haudha ibn Ali ibn Thumama ibn 'Amr ibn 'Abd al-Uzza ibn Suhaym ibn Murrah ibn al-Dawla ibn Hanifa ibn Lajim ibn Sa'ab ibn Ali ibn Bakr ibn Wa'il |
| Religion: | Christianity |
Haudha ibn Ali al-Hanafi (Arabic: هوذة الحنفي, born 551 CE) was the ruler of Al-Yamama who reigned in the 7th century CE. A poet and preacher, Haudha was a Christian. He was from the tribe of Banu Hanifa and traced his lineage back to the Banu Bakr tribe. Haudha was also a contemporary of Khosrow I and the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
According to Ibn Hazm, his full name is Haudha ibn Ali ibn Thumama ibn 'Amr ibn 'Abd al-Uzza ibn Suhaym ibn Murrah ibn al-Dawla ibn Hanifa ibn Lajim ibn Sa'ab ibn Ali ibn Bakr ibn Wa'il, and his lineage can be traced to Adnan.[1]
Haudha ibn Ali was born in 551 CE to a Christian family of the Banu Hanifa tribe.[2]
On a day known as Yawm al-Mashgar, Haudha ibn Ali was robbed by the Banu Tamim tribe and then imprisoned until he was able to ransom himself out of custody. He managed to incite Khosrow I against the Banu Tamim, and soon the armies of the Sasanian Empire arrived to Arabia where a large number of people from the Banu Tamim tribe were massacred.[3]
Haudha ibn Ali had already been placed on the throne by 628 CE. Around that time, the Islamic prophet Muhammad had begun sending messages to contemporary rulers, inviting them into the Islamic faith.[4] Haudha was amongst these rulers. One of the Sahaba by the name of Sulait ibn 'Amr sent to Haudha a letter from Muhammad himself:[5] Haudha ibn Ali reacted with humour towards the letter, and kindly refused to accept the invitation. He then wrote the following reply back to Muhammad:[6] According to Islamic tradition, Haudha died a year after he had sent the letter, circa 629 CE.