| Poland, New York | |
| Settlement Type: | Town |
| Pushpin Map: | New York |
| Pushpin Label: | Poland |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of Poland in New York |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | United States |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | New York |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name2: | Chautauqua |
| Government Type: | Town Council |
| Leader Title: | Town Supervisor |
| Leader Name: | Kelly Snow (R) |
| Leader Title1: | Town Council |
| Established Title: | Settled |
| Established Date: | 1804 |
| Established Title1: | Created |
| Established Date1: | 1832 |
| Unit Pref: | Imperial |
| Area Total Km2: | 95.5 |
| Area Land Km2: | 94.8 |
| Area Water Km2: | 0.7 |
| Elevation Ft: | 1275 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 Census |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Total: | 2201 |
| Population Est: | 2183 |
| Pop Est As Of: | 2021 |
| Population Density Km2: | 24.8 |
| Coordinates: | 42.1325°N -79.1322°W |
| Postal Code Type: | ZIP code |
| Postal Code: | 14747 (Kennedy) |
| Blank Name: | FIPS code |
| Blank Info: | 36-013-58926 |
Poland is an incorporated town in Chautauqua County, New York. The population was 2,201 at the time of the 2020 census.[1] The town is on the county's eastern border.
The area that would become the town was first settled in 1804. The town of Poland was formed in 1832 from part of the town of Ellicott.
The early economy was based on forestry, but after the trees were cut down, agriculture dominated.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 95.5km2, of which 94.8km2 is land and 0.7km2, or 0.72%, is water.[2]
The Southern Tier Expressway (Interstate 86 and New York State Route 17) passes across the northern part of the town. U.S. Route 62 and New York State Route 394 pass through the town.
As of the census[3] of 2000, there were 2,467 people, 940 households, and 708 families residing in the town. The population density was 67.1sp=usNaNsp=us. There were 990 housing units at an average density of 26.9sp=usNaNsp=us. The racial makeup of the town was 98.14% White, 0.69% African American, 0.32% Native American, 0.04% Asian, 0.24% from other races, and 0.57% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.18% of the population.
There were 940 households, out of which 33.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.2% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.6% were non-families. 20.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.00.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.9% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 28.3% from 25 to 44, 24.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.9 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $37,195, and the median income for a family was $41,728. Males had a median income of $31,862 versus $22,036 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,115. About 6.6% of families and 10.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.3% of those under age 18 and 3.7% of those age 65 or over.