| Harry Church Oberholser | |
| Birth Date: | 25 June 1870 |
| Birth Place: | Brooklyn, New York |
| Nationality: | American |
| Fields: | Ornithology |
| Workplaces: | United States Fish and Wildlife Service Cleveland Museum of Natural History |
| Alma Mater: | Columbia University George Washington University |
Harry Church Oberholser (June 25, 1870 – December 25, 1963) was an American ornithologist.
Harry Oberholser was born to Jacob and Lavera S. Oberholser on June 25, 1870, in Brooklyn, New York. He attended Columbia University, but did not graduate. Later, Oberholser was awarded degrees (B.A., M.S., and PhD.) from the George Washington University. He married Mary Forrest Smith on June 30, 1914.
From 1895 to 1941, he was employed by the United States Bureau of Biological Survey (later the United States Fish and Wildlife Service) as an ornithologist, biologist, and editor. During his career, he collected bird specimens while on trips with Vernon Bailey and Louis Agassiz Fuertes. In 1928, Oberholser helped organize the Winter Waterfowl Survey, which continues to this day.
In 1941, at the age of 70, he became curator of ornithology at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History. Oberholser was the author of a number of books and articles. A complete manuscript of his work is available at the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History. He died on December 25, 1963.
Empidonax oberholseri (dusky flycatcher) was named in his honor.