Harlem Shake (meme) explained

The Harlem Shake is an Internet meme in the form of a video in which a group of people dance to a short excerpt from the song "Harlem Shake". The meme became viral in early February 2013,[1] with thousands of "Harlem Shake" videos being made and uploaded to YouTube every day at the height of its popularity.[2]

The meme usually features participants performing flailing or convulsive movements usually dressed in outlandish costumes while wielding unexpected props.[3] The meme form was established in a video uploaded on January 30, 2013, by YouTube personality George Miller on his DizastaMusic channel. The video featured the character "Pink Guy" from The Filthy Frank Show entitled "Filthy Compilation #6 - Smell My Fingers",[4] [5] [6] which featured a section where several costumed people danced to the song "Harlem Shake" by Baauer.[7] The video opens with the first use of the Harlem Shake meme,[2] [4] and started a viral trend of people uploading their own "Harlem Shake" videos to YouTube.[8]

Despite its name, the meme does not actually involve participants performing the original Harlem Shake dance, a street and hip hop dance that originated in 1980s Harlem, New York City;

Concept

The videos usually last about 30 seconds and feature an excerpt of the 2012 song "Harlem Shake" by American music producer and DJ Baauer. Baauer's song starts with a 15-second intro, a bass drop, then 15 seconds with the bass, and a lion/beast-like roar at the end of the first 30 seconds. Usually, a video begins with one person (often helmeted or masked) dancing to the song alone for 15 seconds, surrounded by other people not paying attention or seemingly unaware of the dancing individual. When the bass drops, the video cuts to the entire group dancing for the rest of the video. The dancing style should not be confused with the original Harlem Shake dance.[9] [10] Additionally, in the second half of the video, people often wear either a minimum of clothes or outlandish outfits or costumes while wielding strange props.[11] Typically, but not always, the video will end by converting to slow motion on the wild feline/beast growl.

Success

This success of the videos was in part attributed to the anticipation of the breakout moment and short length, making them very accessible to watch.[12] The Washington Post explained the meme's instant virality by referring to the jump cuts, hypnotic beat, quick setups, and half minute routines.[13]

The Harlem Shake is technically very easy for fans to reproduce, as it consists of a single locked camera shot and one jump cut. Nonetheless, the simplicity of the concept allows fans considerable scope in creating their own distinctive variant and making their mark, while retaining the basic elements. In its simplest form, it could be made with just one person;[14] a more sophisticated version might even involve a crowded stadium. Moreover, there is a level playing field for celebrities and fans alike, with no guarantee of success for either group. There is a strong vein of humour running through each video that is not dependent on language, further increasing its potential to spread virally.[15] [16] [17] [18]

History

Creation

The "Harlem Shake" was first featured as the opening segment in a video by Japanese comedians George Miller and Cian Coughlan, under the moniker of YouTube user "DizastaMusic".[19] Five teenagers from Australia, using the name TheSunnyCoastSkate, replicated this segment in their own video, which quickly gained popularity.[2] [6] As more people replicated the original video and uploaded their own versions to YouTube, Harlem Shake rapidly became an Internet meme.[2] [20]

Viral spread

On February 10, 2013, the upload rate of Harlem Shake videos reached 4,000 per day, or one every 21.6 seconds.[21] As of February 11, about 12,000 versions of the popular Internet meme had been uploaded to YouTube, garnering over 44 million unique views. By February 15, about 40,000 Harlem Shake spinoff videos had been uploaded, generating over 700 million views.[2] [22] On February 26, 2013, the trend created by the YouTube creator TooTurntTony led to the suspension of over a dozen students at Milford High School (Michigan).[23]

Harlem Shake hit the 1 billion view mark on March 24, 2013, just 40 days after its first upload, according to Visible Measures. From the day when the first video was uploaded until it hit 1 billion views, the videos were accumulating an average of more than 20 million views a day. The time it took for Harlem Shake to hit 1 billion views is half the time "Gangnam Style" took to hit 1 billion views and almost a sixth of the time that it took "Call Me Maybe". On April 4, Harlem Shake had 1.21 billion views.[24]

Baauer's single reached #1 on the iTunes America chart and #2 on iTunes in the UK and Australia on February 15, 2013.[25]

Its popularity has spread in many countries, including the US, the UK, Canada, Australia, Germany, Russia, and much of Europe,[26] China,[27] [28] India,[29] [30] Latin America,[31] the United Arab Emirates,[32] and Jamaica.[33]

The Guinness World Record for the largest crowd doing the Harlem shake was created in 2013 with a crowd of 3,444 people taking part. Matt and Kim organised the record, which was performed at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute's Houston Field House arena in Troy, New York, on 11 February 2013.[34]

Legacy

The unexpected success of Harlem Shake caused Billboard to bring forward its plans, following two years of discussions, to incorporate data on YouTube views as one of three metrics used to calculate the influential Billboard Hot 100 chart. This marked an important recognition that YouTube now plays a vital role in shaping cultural trends, defining hit songs ahead of radio programmers.[35] [36]

In consequence of this significant change, Baauer's "Harlem Shake" made its debut at No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 on February 21, 2013. Without the change the song would only have debuted in the Top 15.[37] [38] In the year-end chart on that same year, "Harlem Shake" became the 4th best song of 2013, behind "Radioactive" by Imagine Dragons. This makes it the only song to become an internet meme to hit the top 10 on the Billboard year-end chart through the 2010s.

The success of Harlem Shake also highlights a change of direction for music rights holders. With the exception of a takedown notice issued when artist Azealia Banks tried to upload her own version of the track,[39] Baauer and his label, Mad Decent records, instead made use of YouTube's Content ID database to assert copyright over the fan-made videos and claim a proportion of advertising revenue in respect of each one.

Reception

Martin Talbot, managing director of The Official Charts Company in the UK, described "Harlem Shake" as a "phenomenon", the first ever "crowd sourced video" to significantly drive the sales of a song. Previously, as happened with "Gangnam Style", there was always an initial video created by an artist which would start a dance craze that was subsequently adopted by fans.[40] [41]

The meme received peak attention for only a few months, with many companies and startups uploading their own versions for promotional purposes.[42] Ad Age later identified sixty advertising agencies exploiting the meme, calling it "played-out" after Pepsico released a Harlem Shake video featuring dancing soft drinks. Gabrielle Levy of UPI called the Pepsi ad "a bridge too far," noting that low production values had been "part of the charm" of the meme.[43] [44] [45] [46]

There were reports that Harlem residents were upset because of the dance called "Harlem shake" in the meme videos not being the real Harlem shake.[47] [48] [49]

Notable performances

Various groups that shot videos of themselves doing the Harlem Shake included the staff of Late Night with Jimmy Fallon,[50] a squadron of the Norwegian Army;[51] Swedish police, basketball players from the Dallas Mavericks, and the Miami Heat[52] [53] whose version was called perhaps "the best ... [o]r at least the most irreverent" by Matt Eppers of USA Today;[54] IMG Academy American football players,[55] the Nebraska Cornhuskers football[56] team and LSU Tigers football team,[57] the Canterbury Crusaders[58] and Auckland Blues rugby union sides,[59] [60] football clubs from Manchester City,[61] [62] Swansea City,[63] Fulham,[64] Juventus,[65] Crystal Palace,[66] SC Cambuur,[67] and the colleagues of CNN newsanchor Anderson Cooper[68] Other participants in the craze included the University of Georgia swim team, whose video received at least 38 million views,[69] [25] music producer and international DJ Markus Schulz,[70] "a senior community,"[71] NASCAR drivers Jeff Gordon[72] and Jimmie Johnson,[73] musicians Matt & Kim,[51] musician Azealia Banks,[74] [75] [76] [77] the staff of The Daily Show,[78] Ryan Seacrest, Stephen Colbert,[79] [80] Rhett & Link,[81] members of the WWE,[82] EastEnders actors Himesh Patel and Ricky Norwood[83] and Playboy Playmates.[84]

A video titled "Harlem Shake (Grandma Edition)", in which a man and his two octogenarian grandmothers dance, received over a million views online within three days. It was broadcast on the Today show and CNN.[85] [86]

On February 20, 2013, the cast of American reality television series Splash including Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Katherine Webb, Ndamukong Suh and Louie Anderson also uploaded a video of them dancing on the clip.[87] The same day, Australian singer Cody Simpson uploaded a video of his crew and him doing the Harlem Shake in his tour bus.[88]

On Valentine's Day (February 14), developers at Moovweb released an open source bookmarklet that replicated the Harlem Shake online by making the items on any web page move.[89] [90] [91] Soon after YouTube made its own version of the Harlem Shake by making the interface of the page shake when the user searches for "do the Harlem Shake".[92] [93]

On February 22 in Tel Aviv, 70,000 people danced during a "pre-Purim street party".[94] [95]

On March 1, 2013, Fox uploaded the "Homer Shake" on YouTube, an animated video where members of the Simpson family danced to the eponymous song. It was the couch gag for the "Gorgeous Grampa" episode.

The March 9, 2013, episode of Saturday Night Live substituted "con los terroristas" with "tofu burritos" and "do the Harlem shake" with "drink a vegan shake". Justin Timberlake appeared as his street performer character, dressed as a block of tofu.[96]

On March 18, 2013, the cast of the Armenian TV series Kargin Serial uploaded their Harlem Shake on YouTube.[97]

On March 23, 2013, Nickelodeon did their own version of the Harlem Shake at the Kids' Choice Awards, which was called the Kids' Choice Shake.

At the Hong Kong Sevens rugby tournament in March 2013, an entire stand of spectators took part in a Harlem Shake.[98]

The TV series Supernatural, starring Jared Padalecki and Jensen Ackles, did its own Harlem Shake version. It began with a normal shot of Ackles, dancing randomly, with Padalecki on his phone behind him, seemingly unaware.[99]

The Harlem Shake was also performed in "Sweet Dreams," the nineteenth episode of the fourth season of the Fox TV series Glee. The dance was performed by fictional students at the University of Lima, while Finn (Cory Monteith) monologues about life at college. "Harlem Shake" is listed as a featured song in the episode, as it was not covered by the cast or released on a single or soundtrack album.

Performances with unforeseen consequences

In February 2013, a New York boys' ice hockey team was forced to forfeit a first-round playoff game as a result of a Harlem Shake video uploaded to YouTube. The team's video, shot in a locker room, depicts scantily clad team members, notably, one player wearing nothing but a sock.[100] [101]

Two Israeli soldiers received prison sentences, and one was also relieved of his command, after they posted a video of soldiers performing the Harlem Shake around a cannon, even though they were reported to have notified their commanders of the project, taken care to ensure that no sensitive military equipment was shown, and sought approval for the finished video. The video was reported to have received a generally positive reaction from mainstream Israeli media and online.[102] [103]

In Russia, police arrested five people after they uploaded a video of themselves doing the Harlem Shake on a war memorial, an army tank from World War II.[104] [105] [106]

A group of up to 15 miners in Australia were fired for breaching safety rules after uploading a video where they performed the Harlem Shake underground.[107] [108]

A Harlem Shake video was filmed by a group of Colorado College students and players of the college's athletic team on board a Frontier Airlines flight while flying from Denver to San Diego, CA for a tournament. The filming took place as the flight crossed the Grand Canyon. After the video was uploaded on February 15, 2013, it gained media attention, causing the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration to launch an investigation. Three of the college students who organized the event said in an interview that the flight attendants and the purser approved their permission before the performance began, saying it was a great idea and the participating passengers also found it fun. The case was finally solved when Kate O'Malley, a spokesperson for the airline, said that "all safety measures were strictly enforced and followed and that the seat belt sign was turned off during the course of filming".[109] [110]

In a controversial move, a student at St Hilda's College, Oxford in the United Kingdom lost her temporary job as a part-time library invigilator and student organisers were fined after a Harlem Shake video was filmed in the college library.[111] By way of contrast, Professor Roger Ainsworth, Master of St Catherine's College, Oxford, praised his students for their version of the meme, which he described as "the best example of the genre, at least in the UK".[112] [113]

A religious education teacher at Caldicot Comprehensive School in the United Kingdom was suspended after a Harlem Shake video was posted online which allegedly showed him dancing with a lifesize cardboard figure of Pope Benedict XVI. According to Monmouthshire council the teacher may have behaved in an "unacceptable way".[114] [115] [116]

The Washington Post reported that according to the National Coalition against Censorship, about 100 students across the US have been suspended for participating in various versions of the Harlem Shake Meme. NCAC Director Joan Bertin referred to the suspensions as "a rather disproportionate response by educators" to what she described as "teenage hijinks".[117] [118]

As a political statement

At the end of February 2013, hundreds of protesters chanted "Leave! Leave!" as they performed the Harlem Shake outside the headquarters of Egypt's President Mohamed Morsi. In a separate incident, people were filmed doing the Harlem Shake in front of the pyramids. Four pharmaceutical students had been arrested the previous week for breaching decency laws by performing the dance in their underwear.[119] [120]

In Tunisia, after students in a wealthy suburb of Tunis filmed a Harlem Shake video in which they parodied Salafists and Gulf Emirs, the school director was suspended by the Ministry of Education. The resulting backlash saw the Ministry's website hacked by activists, and according to some reports there were scuffles between Salafists and students wishing to perform the dance elsewhere in the country.[121] [122]

In the United States, then-Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell's re-election team uploaded their own Harlem Shake video as part of his campaign to win a sixth term in the chamber in the 2014 midterm elections.[123] [124]

In the same country on December 14, 2017, conservative site The Daily Caller uploaded a video titled "PSA from Chairman of the FCC Ajit Pai" in the wake of the FCC's decision to repeal the net neutrality policy, which received severe backlash upon upload.[125] The video features Pai condescendingly acting out various things that can still "be done on the Internet", incorporating the Harlem Shake into a segment at the end of it. However, for the first time in the history of the usage of the meme, Baauer and eventually the record label he is signed to, Mad Decent, took legal action against Pai for unauthorized use of his music.[126]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: "The Harlem Shake" phenomenon keeps going strong (with grandmas and military). Goodman. Will. CBS News. February 12, 2013. February 12, 2013. 18 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130218222209/http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504784_162-57568940-10391705/the-harlem-shake-phenomenon-keeps-going-strong-with-grandmas-and-military/. live.
  2. Web site: The Harlem Shake has Exploded . . February 12, 2013 . February 15, 2013 . Allocca, Kevin. https://web.archive.org/web/20130424074859/http://youtube-trends.blogspot.com.au/2013/02/the-harlem-shake-has-exploded.html. 2013-04-24. ... attributed to a silly video from a vlogger named "Filthy Frank." Though it was another user named SunnyCoastSkate who then established the form we've become familiar with: the jump cut, the helmet, etc..
  3. Web site: Palmer. Tamara. The Harlem Shakedown. The Root. 16 July 2016. bot: unknown. https://web.archive.org/web/20130706072019/http://www.theroot.com/views/harlem-shakedown?wpisrc=root_more_news. 6 July 2013.
  4. News: Will the Harlem Shake viral meme ever stop?. A group of teenagers known as The Sunny Coast Skate from Queensland Australia, were the first to respond and the rest, as they say, is history.. 2013-02-15. 2013-02-15. CBC News. 18 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130218043416/http://www.cbc.ca/day6/blog/2013/02/15/harlem-shake/. live.
  5. Web site: Fader Explains: Harlem Shake. Zeichner. Naomi. The Fader, Inc. February 15, 2013. 18 February 2013. 20 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130220094435/http://www.thefader.com/2013/02/15/fader-explains-harlem-shake/. live.
  6. Web site: Copycat shakers tap into worldwide video hit by Coast teens . . February 15, 2013 . February 15, 2013 . Muir, Kristy . 17 February 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130217150341/http://www.sunshinecoastdaily.com.au/news/caloundra-teens-shake-up-net-to-become-video-stars/1756874/ . live .
  7. News: Harlem Shake: Baauer cashes in on viral video's massive YouTube success. Amanda. Holpuch. The Guardian. February 19, 2013. London. 11 December 2016. 6 January 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170106013335/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/feb/19/harlem-shake-baauer-youtube-success. live.
  8. Web site: 'Harlem Shake' Shakes It Across YouTube, With Over 44 Million Views. Abcnews.go.com. 2013-02-13. 2013-02-23. 16 June 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200616230012/https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/technology/2013/02/harlem-shake-shakes-it-across-youtube-with-over-44-million-views/. live.
  9. News: Harlem Shake meme obscuring dance's history, critics argue . cbcnews . February 18, 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20130725192404/http://www.cbc.ca/news/yourcommunity/2013/02/harlem-shake-meme-obscuring-dances-history-critics-argue.html . July 25, 2013 .
  10. Web site: Inventor of Harlem Shake Interview . InsideHoops . August 13, 2003 . February 15, 2013 . 10 May 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190510193605/http://www.insidehoops.com/harlem-shake-081303.shtml . live .
  11. News: 'Harlem Shake' videos stir up YouTube . . February 13, 2013 . February 15, 2013 . Mallenbaum, Carly . 18 February 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130218121822/http://www.usatoday.com/story/life/music/2013/02/13/harlem-shake-viral-video/1916525/ . live .
  12. Web site: YouTube: Here's How 'Harlem Shake' Went Viral. Chris . Taylor . Mashable. Feb 13, 2013. February 13, 2013. 5 October 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131005024642/http://mashable.com/2013/02/13/youtube-harlem-shake/. live.
  13. News: Is it any wonder the Harlem Shake went viral?. Sarah. Kaufman . The Washington Post . February 13, 2013 .
  14. Web site: One Harlem Shake You Must See - Number One Man. YouTube. 25 November 2016. 3 March 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150303210435/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QIPOh4ub65w&app=desktop. live.
  15. Web site: A brief history of internet phenomenon 'Harlem Shake'. FastCompany. February 15, 2013. Berkowitz, Joe. 18 February 2013. 21 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130221163305/http://www.fastcocreate.com/1682426/see-a-brief-history-of-internet-phenomenon-harlem-shake. live.
  16. News: Viral fan videos propel Harlem Shake track into charts. Greg. Cochrane. BBC. February 14, 2013. 18 February 2013. 17 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130217073554/http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/21459804. live.
  17. Web site: The Science Behind Why The Harlem Shake Is So Popular. techcrunch. February 19, 2013. Constine, Josh. 25 June 2017. 18 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130318092644/http://techcrunch.com/2013/02/18/what-is-the-harlem-shake-so-popular/. live.
  18. News: The Present Shock Of The Harlem Shake. Anthony Wing. Kosner . Forbes . February 13, 2013 .
  19. Web site: Filthy Compilation #6 - Smell My Fingers. January 30, 2013. 14 August 2015. DizastaMusic. YouTube. 27 May 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150527160215/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GeO3yCpLt0Q. live.
  20. News: The Harlem Shake: Anatomy of a Viral Meme. Huffington Post. March 5, 2013. Lotan, Gilad. 17 March 2013. 9 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130309222516/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/gilad-lotan/the-harlem-shake_b_2804799.html. live.
  21. News: Harlem Shake: Tracking a meme over a month. Heyden. Tom. BBC News Magazine. March 1, 2013. 21 July 2018. 22 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180922025016/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-21624109. live.
  22. News: Best and Worst Social Media Challenges. Violet. Degnan. Growing Social Media. 15 July 2015. 8 September 2016. 20 February 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160220035744/http://growingsocialmedia.com/best-worst-social-media-challenges/. live.
  23. Web site: Zaniewski . Ann . 26 February 2013 . Teens suspended over suggestive 'Harlem Shake' video . 2023-02-14 . USA TODAY . en-US.
  24. News: The Harlem Shake Hits 1 Billion Views!. Visible Measures. April 4, 2013. dead. https://archive.today/20130616053427/http://corp.visiblemeasures.com/news-and-events/blog/bid/96850/The-Harlem-Shake-Hits-1-Billion-Views. June 16, 2013.
  25. News: February 15, 2013. Harlem Shake challenges Gangnam Style on online dance floors. Articles.chicagotribune.com. 2013-02-16. 18 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130218164619/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2013-02-15/entertainment/sns-rt-us-harlemshakebre91e0xv-20130215_1_gangnam-style-dance-youtube. live.
  26. News: Harlem Shake video meme seeps into Eastern Europe. Neary. Sarah. Voice Of Russia. February 22, 2013. 23 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130520224818/http://english.ruvr.ru/2013_02_22/Harlem-Shake-video-meme-seeps-into-Eastern-Europe-VIDEO/. 20 May 2013. dead.
  27. News: 'Loser Dance': The Harlem Shake With Chinese Characteristics. Chin. Josh. Wall Street Journal (China). February 19, 2013. 4 August 2017. 27 June 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170627013331/https://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2013/02/19/loser-dance-china-embraces-the-harlem-shake/. live.
  28. Web site: 4 Videos That Prove China is Hooked on the Harlem Shake. Millward. Steven. Tech In Asia. February 20, 2013. 23 February 2013. 27 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130327052235/http://www.techinasia.com/3-videos-china-harlem-shake/. live.
  29. News: After Gangnam Style, Harlem Shake grips India. IANS. Express Tribune. February 21, 2013. 23 February 2013. 22 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130222031121/http://tribune.com.pk/story/510045/did-you-know-after-gangnam-style-harlem-shake-grips-india/. live.
  30. News: Are you too hooked to Harlem Shake?. India Today. February 20, 2013. 23 February 2013. 23 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130223071356/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/after-gangnam-style-harlem-shake-grips-india/1/250944.html. live.
  31. News: ¡Increíble! Los presidentes de Latinoamérica bailan el Harlem Shake(Spanish). La Patilla. February 27, 2013. 3 March 2013. 2 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130302070718/http://www.lapatilla.com/site/2013/02/27/increible-los-presidentes-de-latino-america-bailan-el-harlem-shake-video/. live.
  32. News: 'Harlem Shake' fever grips UAE. 7 Days UAE. February 19, 2013. 8 September 2016. 15 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160915160049/http://7days.ae/news-13593/18843. live.
  33. News: Old dance, new craze - Harlem Shake goes global ... again. Campbell. Curtis. Jamaica Online Star. February 17, 2013. 23 January 2016. 30 January 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160130091910/http://old.jamaica-star.com/thestar/20130218/ent/ent1.html. live.
  34. Book: Glenday, Craig. Guinness World Records 2014. 2013. 978-1-908843-15-9. 211. Guinness World Records Limited .
  35. News: Harlem Shake's YouTube bump sends it to No 1 in US. Sean. Michaels. The Guardian. February 22, 2013. London. 11 December 2016. 24 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130224061248/http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2013/feb/22/harlem-shake-tops-us-charts. live.
  36. News: 'Harlem Shake' Tops The Billboard Charts – Thanks To YouTube. Alex. Knapp. Forbes. February 21, 2013. 29 August 2017. 9 September 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170909162309/https://www.forbes.com/sites/alexknapp/2013/02/21/harlem-shake-tops-the-billboard-charts-thanks-to-youtube/. live.
  37. News: What's Billboard's No. 1? Now YouTube Has a Say. Ben. Sisario. New York Times. February 20, 2013. 27 February 2017. 22 March 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170322101647/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/21/arts/music/billboard-makes-youtube-part-of-hot-100-formula.html. live.
  38. February 20, 2013. Baauer's 'Harlem Shake' Debuts Atop Revamped Hot 100. Gary. Trust. Billboard. 23 February 2013. 31 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160331193813/http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1549388/baauers-harlem-shake-debuts-atop-revamped-hot-100. live.
  39. Web site: How the Harlem Shake went from viral sideshow to global phenomenon. Tim. Carmody. The Verge. February 18, 2013. 31 August 2017. 15 June 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170615200132/https://www.theverge.com/2013/2/18/4000068/how-the-harlem-shake-went-from-viral-sideshow-to-global-phenomenon. live.
  40. Web site: Baseball teams get in on 'Harlem Shake' craze. Oz. Mike. Yahoo! Sports. February 12, 2013. February 13, 2013. 16 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130216100624/http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/mlb-big-league-stew/trending-baseball-teams-harlem-shake-craze-192941491--mlb.html. live.
  41. News: Kelly . Clay . Forget The Harlem Shake And Do Your Own Dance . Forbes . 2012-04-18 . 2013-02-16 . 18 February 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130218061136/http://www.forbes.com/sites/kellyclay/2013/02/15/forget-the-harlem-shake-and-do-your-own-dance/ . live .
  42. Web site: Dumenco . Simon . Please Stop Making That Harlem Shake-Themed Commercial . Adage.com . 2013-02-14 . 2013-02-22 . 4 October 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131004225223/http://adage.com/article/the-media-guy/stop-making-harlem-shake-themed-commercial/239797/ . live .
  43. Web site: Pathak . Shareen . Over 60 Ad Agencies Have Harlem Shake Videos . Adage.com . 2013-02-15 . 2013-02-22 . 5 October 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131005004742/http://adage.com/article/adages/60-ad-agencies-harlem-shake-videos/239852/ . live .
  44. News: Companies jump on Harlem Shake video trend for advertisements. Gabrielle . Levy . 19 February 2013 . 22 February 2013 . 22 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130222181500/http://www.upi.com/blog/2013/02/19/Has-Harlem-Shake-jumped-the-shark-Pepsi-jumps-on-viral-trend/3471361312335/ . live.
  45. Here Is Why Pepsi Cans Shouldn't Do the Harlem Shake . Olivia B.. Waxman. Time . 2013-02-15 . 2013-02-22 . 22 February 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130222045712/http://newsfeed.time.com/2013/02/15/here-is-why-pepsi-cans-shouldnt-do-the-harlem-shake/ . live .
  46. Web site: Ian . Hill . 8 People Who Made Harlem Shake Videos Interesting : KQED Pop . kqed.org. 2013-02-19 . 2013-02-22 . 24 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130224103555/http://blogs.kqed.org/pop/2013/02/19/8-people-who-made-harlem-shake-videos-interesting/ . live .
  47. Web site: Kugler . Sara . March 7, 2013 . 'Harlem Shake' craze needs historical, cultural context . 2022-08-22 . . en.
  48. News: Behind 'Harlem Shake' Craze, a Dance That's Decades Old . Gregory . Kia . 2013-02-28 . The New York Times. 2018-01-26. en-US. 0362-4331.
  49. News: It's a Worldwide Dance Craze, but It's Not the Real Harlem Shake. The New York Times. 2013-02-28. Kia. Gregory. 27 February 2017. 6 February 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170206054526/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/01/nyregion/behind-harlem-shake-craze-a-dance-thats-over-a-decade-old.html. live.
  50. Web site: The Harlem Shake Is the New Gangnam Style! . John. Boone. E! Online . 2013-02-11 . 2013-02-16 . 15 February 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130215072208/http://www.eonline.com/news/387289/the-harlem-shake-is-the-new-quot-gangnam-style-quot . live .
  51. Watercutter . Angela . Breaking Down the Harlem Shake Meme With Matt & Kim | Underwire . Wired . February 16, 2013 . 2013-02-16 . 18 February 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130218042722/http://www.wired.com/underwire/2013/02/matt-kim-harlem-shake-meme/ . live .
  52. Web site: Dwyer. Kelly. The Miami Heat have finally filmed their own 'Harlem Shake' video (Video). March 2013 . yahoo.com. 2 March 2013. 2 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130302013809/http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/nba-ball-dont-lie/miami-heat-finally-filmed-own-harlem-shake-video-195715354--nba.html. live.
  53. News: Miami Heat do 'Harlem Shake'. ESPN. March 1, 2013. 2 March 2013. 2 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130302161409/http://espn.go.com/nba/truehoop/miamiheat/story/_/id/9000907/lebron-james-miami-heat-jump-harlem-shake-craze. live.
  54. News: Eppers. Matt. Miami Heat do one bizarre 'Harlem Shake'. 2 March 2013. USA Today. March 1, 2013. 2 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130302044129/http://www.usatoday.com/story/gameon/2013/02/28/miami-heat-lebron-james-chris-bosh-marion-chalmers-harlem-shake/1955297/. live.
  55. Web site: Cox. Zack. Manti Te'o, Luke Joeckel, Matt Barkley Star in 'Harlem Shake' Video With Other NFL Draft Hopefuls (Video). NESN.com. February 23, 2013. February 16, 2013. 20 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130220105004/http://nesn.com/2013/02/manti-teo-luke-joeckel-matt-barkley-star-in-harlem-shake-video-with-other-nfl-draft-hopefuls-video/. live.
  56. Web site: Waddell. Tyler. Bo Pelini Shocks World, Releases 'Harlem Shake' Video. Rant Sports. March 4, 2013. May 1, 2013. 4 October 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131004225949/http://www.rantsports.com/ncaa-football/2013/03/04/bo-pelini-shocks-world-releases-harlem-shake-video/. live.
  57. News: Myerberg. Paul. Les Miles leads LSU through the 'Harlem Shake'. USA Today. March 18, 2013. March 21, 2013. 25 June 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170625063519/https://www.usatoday.com/story/gameon/2013/03/18/lsu-coach-les-miles-harlem-shake/1998055/. live.
  58. News: Crusaders Super Rugby side do the Harlem Shake. 3 News NZ. February 21, 2013. 28 February 2013. 22 August 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130822000744/http://www.3news.co.nz/VIDEO-Crusaders-Super-Rugby-side-do-the-Harlem-Shake/tabid/317/articleID/287721/Default.aspx. live.
  59. News: The Blues Harlem Shake. Jeremy . Proome . Rugby Informer. February 25, 2013. 28 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130309024936/http://www.rugbyinformer.co.za/2013/02/the-blues-harlem-shake. 9 March 2013. dead.
  60. News: NZ teams do the Harlem Shake. 3 News NZ. February 26, 2013. 28 February 2013. 5 October 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131005003713/http://www.3news.co.nz/NZ-teams-do-the-Harlem-Shake/tabid/317/articleID/288238/Default.aspx?ref=vid_2012-11-22. live.
  61. Web site: Dzek this out! Manchester City stars do the Harlem Shake in this hilarious video . Ed. Malyon. Mirror.co.uk . 20 February 2013 . 21 February 2013 . 21 February 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130221013752/http://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/manchester-city-harlem-shake-hilarious-1720645 . live .
  62. Web site: City do the Harlem Shake . Manchester City Football Club (www.mcfc.co.uk) . 20 February 2013 . 21 February 2013 . 23 February 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130223024710/http://www.mcfc.co.uk/News/Team-news/2013/February/City-first-team-do-the-Harlem-Shake . dead .
  63. Web site: Swansea City Footballers Do the Harlem Shake [Video]]. EPL Talk. February 23, 2013. February 23, 2013. 25 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130225034939/http://epltalk.com/2013/02/23/swansea-city-footballers-do-the-harlem-shake-video/. live.
  64. Web site: Keep calm and do the Harlem Shake.... (Fulham FC Original). YouTube. September 16, 2016. February 28, 2013. 24 April 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220424071922/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=irXLQtXEHts. live.
  65. Web site: HARLEM SHAKE Juventus Football Club. YouTube. September 16, 2016. March 8, 2013. 14 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160314150128/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=skKBB0jA7y8. live.
  66. Web site: Harlem Shake (Crystals Cheerleaders edition) #harlemShakeCrystals. YouTube. September 16, 2016. February 18, 2013. 12 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160912235006/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OLGHtINwcsc. live.
  67. Web site: Harlem Shake SC Cambuur. YouTube. September 16, 2016. February 13, 2013. 26 August 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160826053120/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_6f1wHcyfzs. live.
  68. News: Anderson Cooper Horrified By 'Harlem Shake' (Viedo) . Huffingtonpost.com . February 12, 2013 . 2013-02-16 . Jack . Mirkinson . 18 February 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130218023837/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/12/anderson-cooper-harlem-shake_n_2670783.html . live .
  69. Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Web site: UGA Men's Swim & Dive Harlem Shake . YouTube.
  70. February 19, 2013. Schulz, Mark. Coldharbour Harlem Shake (Office Mix). YouTube.
  71. News: Harlem Shake Detroit Videos: Dance Craze Sweeps Motown – But Who Danced It Best? . Huffingtonpost.com . February 16, 2013 . 2013-02-16 . Ashley . Woods . 20 February 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130220060047/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/16/harlem-shake-detroit-videos_n_2701741.html . live .
  72. News: Jeff Gordon shows off his moves in Harlem Shake video . Jeff. Gluck. USA Today . 2013-02-14 . 2013-02-18 . 8 July 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170708182606/https://www.usatoday.com/story/gameon/2013/02/14/jeff-gordon-harlem-shake-video-funny-or-die/1920921/ . live .
  73. News: Diaz. George. Jimmie Johnson does the Harlem Shake at Daytona. Orlando Sentinel. 2013-02-27. 2013-03-02. 21 May 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130521113852/http://www.orlandosentinel.com/sports/blogs/en-fuego/os-gd-jimmie-johnson-harlem-shake-20130227,0,4816230.post. live.
  74. Azealia Banks Calls 'Harlem Shake' Artist a Gay Slur, Reignites Beef With Perez Hilton . Billboard . 2012-09-22 . 2013-02-16 . 18 February 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130218120408/http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1539352/azealia-banks-calls-harlem-shake-artist-a-gay-slur-reignites-beef-with-perez . live .
  75. Web site: Azealia Banks Takes On 'Harlem Shake' Producer And Perez Hilton (Again) . Rapfix.mtv.com . 2012-05-17 . 2013-02-16 . 25 February 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130225032228/http://rapfix.mtv.com/2013/02/15/azealia-banks-takes-on-harlem-shake-producer-perez-hilton . dead .
  76. Web site: Kathy . Iandoli . Azealia Banks Delivers The Twerk In "Harlem Shake" Video: watch . 16 February 2013 . Idolator.com . 2013-02-16 . 24 April 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220424071658/https://www.idolator.com/7441802/azealia-banks-harlem-shake-video . dead .
  77. Web site: Azealia Banks – 'Harlem Shake' Video . 16 February 2013 . Stereogum . 2013-02-16 . 18 February 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130218153806/http://stereogum.com/1262421/azealia-banks-harlem-shake-video/news/ . live .
  78. News: Jon Stewart Calls Out CNN's Carnival Triumph Cruise Ship Coverage: 'You're Not Heroes' (Video) . Huffingtonpost.com . February 15, 2013 . 2013-02-16 . Ross . Luippold . 16 February 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130216101241/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/15/jon-stewart-calls-out-cnn-carnival-triumph-ship-coverage_n_2694347.html . live .
  79. Web site: Hartwig . Gabe . Jon Stewart and Stephen Colbert do the 'Harlem Shake' : Entertainment . Stltoday.com . 2013-02-07 . 2013-02-16 . 28 August 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140828144250/http://www.stltoday.com/entertainment/arts-and-theatre/hotlist/jon-stewart-and-stephen-colbert-do-the-harlem-shake/article_15bfd66b-b516-5297-b7c3-4cb375d024e8.html . live .
  80. Web site: Catalini . Michael . Play of the Day: The States (And Colbert) Take on The Banks . NationalJournal.com . 2013-02-16 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20130520225842/http://www.nationaljournal.com/politics/play-of-the-day-the-states-and-colbert-take-on-the-banks-20130215 . 2013-05-20 .
  81. Web site: February 20, 2013. Harlem Shake (GMM Edition). YouTube. 25 November 2016. 9 August 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160809112123/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oZEQqa9rybk. live.
  82. Web site: WWE's Harlem Shake. WWE.com. 2013-02-21. 21 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130321124824/http://www.wwe.com/videos/wwes-harlem-shake-26092865. dead.
  83. Web site: BBC One – EastEnders, Harlem Shake: EastEnders style. February 27, 2013. EastEnders. BBC Online. March 1, 2013. video. 2 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130302030744/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p015ngst. live.
  84. February 12, 2013. World of Playboy. Harlem Shake - Playboy Playmate Edition. YouTube.
  85. News: Harlem Shake videos, with 44 million views, have gone mainstream. Angela. Hill. 2013-02-15. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20130226033451/http://www.orovillemr.com/news/ci_22592216/harlem-shake-craze-jolts-internet-and-beyond. 2013-02-26. Oroville Mercury-Register. Hank Rao of San Rafael dances in front of his grandmothers in a video titled Harlem Shake (Grandma Edition). Posted on YouTube, the video went viral and had more than 1 million views less than three days after it was posted..
  86. News: Harlem Shake videos, with 44 million views, have gone mainstream. Paul. Liberatore. 2013-02-14. Marin Independent Journal. It took only 30 seconds for 22-year-old Hank Rao of San Rafael and his two octogenarian grandmothers to become the latest Internet sensations. ... It was on the 'Today' show yesterday morning. It's trending on the front page of YouTube. It was on CNN.. 18 February 2013. 17 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130217012503/http://www.marinij.com/sanrafael/ci_22582507/marin-man-and-his-grandmothers-are-latest-internet. live.
  87. News: Foss. Mike. Katherine Webb, Ndamukong Suh, and Kareem Abdul-Jabbar do the Harlem Shake. USA Today. February 21, 2013. February 20, 2013. 25 June 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170625154848/https://www.usatoday.com/story/gameon/2013/02/20/katherine-webb-ndamukong-suh-kareem-abdul-jabbar-harlem-shake/1934055/. live.
  88. Web site: Vulpo. Michael. The Harlem Shake Invades Cody Simpson's Tour Bus. RyanSeacrest.com. February 21, 2013. February 20, 2013. 22 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130222125805/http://ryanseacrest.com/2013/02/20/the-harlem-shake-invades-cody-simpsons-tour-bus/. live.
  89. Web site: Happy Valentine's Day, Internet: Behold the Harlem Shake Bookmarklet . Justin. Megahan. Moovweb . February 14, 2013 . January 2, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140104012444/http://www.moovweb.com/blog/happy-valentines-day-internet-behold-the-harlem-shake-bookmarklet/ . 4 January 2014 . dead .
  90. Web site: I Swear This Is The Last "Harlem Shake" Post We Do . John. Biggs. TechCruch . February 14, 2013 . January 2, 2014 . 17 July 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170717201353/https://techcrunch.com/2013/02/14/i-swear-this-is-the-last-harlem-shake-post-we-do/ . live .
  91. News: Harlem Shake Bookmarklet Transforms Any Webpage Into A Thumpin' Party . Huffington Post . Jason . Gilbert. February 14, 2013 . January 2, 2014 . 3 January 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140103124503/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jason-gilbert/harlem-shake-bookmarklet-_b_2687818.html . live .
  92. News: YouTube 'Do The Harlem Shake' Command Is The New Google 'Do A Barrel Roll' . Huffington Post . March 1, 2013 . March 2, 2013 . Andres . Jauregui . 4 March 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130304222025/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/03/01/youtube-harlem-shake_n_2790992.html . live .
  93. Web site: YouTube Lays Easter Egg In Tribute To Harlem Shake Meme . Jordan. Crook. TechCrunch . March 1, 2013 . January 2, 2014 . 17 July 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170717003618/https://techcrunch.com/2013/03/01/youtube-lays-easter-egg-in-tribute-of-harlem-shake-meme/ . live .
  94. Web site: Fisher. Gabe. Tel Aviv sets 'Harlem Shake' record. The Times of Israel. 2011-02-23. 2013-02-27. 28 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130228163844/http://www.timesofisrael.com/tel-aviv-sets-harlem-shake-record/. live.
  95. Web site: Sharon. Jeremy. Harlem Shake and brandy shots mark Purim. JPost. 2013-02-24. 2013-02-27. 16 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130316222457/http://www.jpost.com/NationalNews/Article.aspx?id=304356. live.
  96. Web site: Mary J.. DiMeglio. Justin Timberlake Joins 'Saturday Night Live' Icons' Club. MTV.com. 2013-03-10. 2013-03-15. 13 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130313171412/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1703356/justin-timberlake-snl.jhtml. dead.
  97. Web site: Harlem Shake (Kargin Serial). KarginTV on YouTube. 18 March 2013. 21 May 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130521045914/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9515rlnLyH4. live.
  98. News: Video: World's biggest Harlem Shake? Hong Kong Sevens 2013. 3 News NZ. March 25, 2013. 24 March 2013. 4 October 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131004230124/http://www.3news.co.nz/VIDEO-Worlds-biggest-Harlem-Shake-Hong-Kong-Sevens-2013/tabid/415/articleID/291597/Default.aspx. live.
  99. News: 'Supernatural' Harlem Shake video: Jared Padalecki, Jensen Ackles and more in behind-the-scenes meme . Mar 6, 2013 . 19 September 2014 . 14 August 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140814030115/http://www.zap2it.com/blogs/supernatural_harlem_shake_video_jared_padalecki_jensen_ackles_and_more_in_behind-the-scenes_meme-2013-03 . live .
  100. Web site: Harlem Shake video costs NY hockey team spot in sectional playoffs. Yahoo Sports. 18 February 2013 . 14 January 2017. 21 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130221133553/http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/highschool-prep-rally/harlem-shake-video-costs-ny-hockey-team-spot-123531519.html. live.
  101. Web site: Nyack/Tappan Zee will not be part of the dance. LoHud Hockey Blog. 18 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130328082003/http://hockey.lohudblogs.com/2013/02/15/nyacktappan-zee-will-not-be-part-of-the-dance/. 28 March 2013. dead.
  102. News: Israeli army ire over social media posts. Yolande. Knell. BBC. March 2, 2013. 21 July 2018. 30 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200430225612/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-21627500. live.
  103. News: 'Harlem Shake' troops sent to prison. Stuart. Winer. The Times Of Israel. February 24, 2013. 9 March 2013. 27 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130227042050/http://www.timesofisrael.com/idf-courtmartials-harlem-shake-soldiers/. live.
  104. News: Harlem Shake on WWII memorial triggers arrests. The Guardian. March 6, 2013. London. 11 December 2016. 8 November 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161108133253/https://www.theguardian.com/music/video/2013/mar/06/harlem-shake-ww2-memorial-video. live.
  105. News: Harlem Shake on WWII memorial leads to five arrests. Mark. Molloy. Metro. March 6, 2013. 9 March 2013. 10 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130310040750/http://metro.co.uk/2013/03/06/harlem-shake-on-wwii-memorial-leads-to-five-arrests-3529738/. live.
  106. Web site: Group of Friends Arrested in Russia for Doing 'Harlem Shake' on WWII Memorial. Wendy. Geller. Yahoo.com. March 8, 2013. 9 March 2013. 10 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130310073231/http://music.yahoo.com/blogs/stop-the-presses/group-friends-arrested-russia-doing-harlem-shake-wwii-182415999.html. live.
  107. News: Harlem Shake miners fired over safety fears. BBC. March 4, 2013. 21 July 2018. 17 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190617215556/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-21658256. live.
  108. News: Australian miners fired for 'Harlem Shake'. The Guardian. March 4, 2013. London. 11 December 2016. 8 November 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161108133255/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2013/mar/04/harlem-shake-australian-miners. live.
  109. News: FAA investigates 'Harlem Shake'. United Press International (UPI.com). March 4, 2013. 9 March 2013. 7 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130307054856/http://www.upi.com/Odd_News/2013/03/04/FAA-investigates-Harlem-Shake/UPI-31401362438055/. live.
  110. News: Harlem shake reaches new heights; FAA not amused. Mike. Ahlers. CNN.com. March 6, 2013. 9 March 2013. 4 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130304041643/http://edition.cnn.com/2013/03/01/travel/harlem-shake-faa/. live.
  111. News: Oxford's University's Harlem shake librarian must be reinstated. Alexander. Fisken. The Guardian. March 20, 2013. London. 11 December 2016. 8 November 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161108133241/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/mar/20/oxford-st-hilda-harlem-shake-librarian-reinstated. live.
  112. News: Oxford university students call for sacked librarian to be reinstated after Harlem Shake at St Hilda's College. Liam. O'Brien. The Independent. March 19, 2013. London. 29 August 2017. 20 April 2013. https://archive.today/20130420232018/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/oxford-university-students-call-for-sacked-librarian-to-be-reinstated-after-harlem-shake-at-st-hildas-college-8541185.html. live.
  113. News: Oxford University librarian sacked after students perform Harlem Shake dance and post recording on YouTube. Alice. Philipson. The Telegraph. March 19, 2013. London. 5 April 2018. 15 February 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180215105846/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/educationnews/9940450/Oxford-University-librarian-sacked-after-students-perform-Harlem-Shake-dance-and-post-recording-on-YouTube.html. live.
  114. News: Teacher suspended over doing the Harlem Shake with the Pope. Simon. de Bruxelles. The Times. March 8, 2013. 9 March 2013. 20 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130320063733/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/education/article3708375.ece. live.
  115. News: 'Harlem Shake teacher' suspended from Caldicot Comprehensive. BBC. March 4, 2013. 21 July 2018. 30 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200430225643/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-21658696. live.
  116. News: Caldicot teacher suspended amid inquiry into Harlem Shake video. South Wales Argus. March 4, 2013. 9 March 2013. 7 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130307064437/http://www.southwalesargus.co.uk/news/10264940.Caldicot_teacher_suspended_amid_inquiry_into_Harlem_Shake_video/. live.
  117. News: 'Harlem Shake' videos lead to school suspensions. https://web.archive.org/web/20130308005735/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-03-04/business/37424393_1_viral-video-post-videos-school-suspensions. dead. March 8, 2013. Hayley. Tsukayama. The Washington Post . March 4, 2013 .
  118. News: 100 Students Suspended for 'Harlem Shake' Videos. AtlantaBlackStar.com. March 5, 2013. 9 March 2013. 7 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130307175129/http://atlantablackstar.com/2013/03/05/100-students-suspended-across-nation-for-harlem-shake-vids/. live.
  119. News: 'Harlem Shake' Protests in Tunisia and Egypt. Robert. Mackey. New York Times. February 28, 2013. 9 March 2013. 6 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130306044055/http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/02/28/harlem-shake-protests-in-tunisia-and-egypt/. live.
  120. News: Harlem shaking the Arab world?. Fareed. Zakaria. USA Today. March 6, 2013. 9 March 2013. 9 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130309182018/http://globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2013/03/06/harlem-shaking-the-arab-world/. live.
  121. News: Tunisia tries to stop the Harlem Shake. Mohamed-Salah. Omri. The Guardian. March 7, 2013. London. 11 December 2016. 16 June 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170616230822/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/07/tunisia-harlem-shake. live.
  122. News: Tunisia 'Harlem Shake' sparks punch-up. AFP. February 28, 2013. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20130304120503/http://www.afp.com/en/news/topstories/tunisia-harlem-shake-sparks-punch/. March 4, 2013.
  123. News: McConnell campaign shakes it up with Harlem Shake. Paul. Steinhauser. CNN.com. March 6, 2013. 9 March 2013. 9 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130309045056/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2013/03/06/mcconnell-campaign-shakes-it-up-with-harlem-shake/. live.
  124. News: Sen. McConnell's campaign does 'Harlem Shake'. Catalina. Camia. USA Today. March 6, 2013. 29 August 2017. 6 September 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170906231129/https://www.usatoday.com/story/onpolitics/2013/03/06/mcconnell-harlem-shake-video/1967543/. live.
  125. News: Doing the Harlem Shake, Ajit Pai as You've Never Seen Him Before. Nick. Statt. The New York Times. December 15, 2017. 16 December 2017. 16 December 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171216173552/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/15/business/ajit-pai-video.html. live.
  126. News: Baauer is 'taking action' against FCC chairman for using Harlem Shake in net neutrality repeal video - The Verge. Nick. Statt. The Verge. December 15, 2017. 16 December 2017. 15 December 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171215213216/https://www.theverge.com/2017/12/14/16778944/bauer-harlem-shake-net-neutrality-fcc-ajit-pai-video. live.

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