| Harderwijk | |
| Settlement Type: | Municipality |
| Flag Size: | 100x67px |
| Map Alt: | Highlighted position of Harderwijk in a municipal map of Gelderland |
| Pushpin Map: | Netherlands#Europe |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location within the Netherlands##Location within Europe |
| Pushpin Relief: | 1 |
| Coordinates: | 52.35°N 42°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Netherlands |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Gelderland |
| Government Footnotes: | [1] |
| Governing Body: | Municipal council |
| Leader Party: | CDA |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Leader Name: | Harm-Jan van Schaik |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Elevation Footnotes: | [2] |
| Elevation M: | 3 |
| Population Demonym: | Harderwijker |
| Timezone: | CET |
| Utc Offset: | +1 |
| Timezone Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset Dst: | +2 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postcode |
| Postal Code: | 3840–3849 |
| Area Code Type: | Area code |
| Area Code: | 0341 |
Harderwijk (in Dutch; Flemish pronounced as /ˌɦɑrdərˈʋɛik/; Dutch Low Saxon: Harderwiek) is a municipality and city of the Netherlands.
It is served by the Harderwijk railway station.
Its population centres are Harderwijk and Hierden.
Harderwijk is on the western boundary of the Veluwe. The southeastern half of the municipality is largely forests.
Harderwijk received city rights from Count Otto II of Guelders in 1231.[3] A defensive wall surrounding the city was completed by the end of that century. The oldest part of the city is near where the streets Hoogstraat and Grote Poortstraat now are. Around 1315 the city was expanded southwards, which included the construction of what is now called the Grote Kerk (Great Church). A second, northward expansion took place around 1425.
Particularly along the west side of town, much of the wall still exists but often not in entirely original form. That also goes for the only remaining city gate, the Vischpoort (Fish Gate).
Between 1648 and 1811, the University of Harderwijk operated in the city. The Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist, Carl Linnaeus graduated at this university. The university, together with the universities of Zutphen and Franeker, was abolished by Napoleon.
Harderwijk was a member of the Hanseatic League. It lies on what used to be the Zuiderzee shore (Southern Sea, now the IJsselmeer) and consequently its economy was strongly based on fishing and seafaring in general. That dramatically changed after 1932, when the Zuiderzee was cut off from the North Sea for safety reasons. Few fishing boats thus now remain in the Harbour, which now is home mainly to yachts. An annual event illustrating the former importance of the fishing industry to Harderwijk is Aaltjesdag, which translates to Eel day. Fish can still be bought at stands and restaurants on the boulevard throughout the year except for the winter months. Tourists are common customers, but local people no longer make their living from the fisheries.
Today, Harderwijk is probably known best for the Dolfinarium Harderwijk, a marine mammal park where dolphin shows are held and various other marine mammals and fish are kept.