Haplogroup L5 Explained

L5
Origin-Date:114,200-126,200 YBP[1]
Origin-Place:East Africa, Upper Nile Valley
Ancestor:L2-6
Mutations:3423, 7972, 12432, 12950[2]

Haplogroup L5 is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) clade. It was previously known as L1e.

Distribution

L5 is a small haplogroup centered in East Africa. The highest frequency is in Mbuti Pygmies from Eastern Central Africa at 15%.[3] It is present in relatively small frequencies in Tanzania (Sandawe and others), Kenya, Chad, Ethiopia, Sudan, Nubia, Egypt[4] [5] and Saudi Arabia.[6]

Haplogroup L5 has been observed among specimens at the island cemetery in Kulubnarti, Sudan, which date from the Early Christian period (AD 550–800).[7]

Subclades

Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup L5 subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation and subsequent published research.

References

  1. Correcting for Purifying Selection: An Improved Human Mitochondrial Molecular Clock. 2009. 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.05.001. 19500773. Soares. P. Ermini. L. Thomson. N. Mormina. M. Rito. T. Röhl. A. Salas. A. Oppenheimer. S. MacAulay. V. 84. 6. 740–59. 2694979. American Journal of Human Genetics.
  2. Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation. Human Mutation. 13 Oct 2008. Mannis. van Oven. Manfred Kayser. 30. 2. E386–E394. 18853457. 10.1002/humu.20921. 27566749. free.
  3. Sarah A. Tishkoff et al. 2007, History of Click-Speaking Populations of Africa Inferred from mtDNA and Y Chromosome Genetic Variation. Molecular Biology and Evolution 2007 24(10):2180-2195
  4. Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Diversity in a Sedentary Population from Egypt. Annals of Human Genetics. 29 Jan 2004. A. Stevanovitch. A. Gilles . E. Bouzaid . R. Kefi . F. Paris . R. P. Gayraud . J. L. Spadoni . F. El-Chenawi . E. Béraud-Colomb . 68. 1. 23–39. 14748828. 10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.00057.x. 44901197.
  5. Sample UPE52 is subclade L5a.
  6. Abu-Amero et al. 2008 February. "Mitochondrial DNA structure in the Arabian Peninsula", BMC Evolutionary Biology. 8(45): 52.
  7. Sirak, Kendra . Frenandes, Daniel . Novak, Mario . Van Gerven, Dennis . Pinhasi, Ron . Abstract Book of the IUAES Inter-Congress 2016 - A community divided? Revealing the community genome(s) of Medieval Kulubnarti using next- generation sequencing. Abstract Book of the Iuaes Inter-Congress 2016 . 2016. 115 . IUAES.

External links

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Haplogroup L5".

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