Haplogroup IJK explained

IJK
Origin-Date:	49,000-59,000 BP^[1]
Origin-Place:	Eurasia
Ancestor:	Haplogroup HIJK
Descendants:	IJ, K
Mutations:	L15/S137, L16/S138, L69.1(=G)/S163.1

Haplogroup IJK is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. IJK is a primary branch of the macrohaplogroup HIJK. Its direct descendants are haplogroup IJ and haplogroup K.^[2]

Distribution and structure

IJK has not been reported in modern populations or in ancient human remains. Previously basal paragroup HIJK* was reported in a Mesolithic European (Magdalenian), GoyetQ-2, and Upper Paleolithic European (Gravettian), Vestonice16.^[3] Later study in 2023 with high quality sequencing of Magdalenian, GoyetQ-2, Gravettian, Vestonice16 were assigned with Haplogroup I.^[4]

Populations with high proportions of males who belong to descendant major haplogroups of Haplogroup HIJK live across widely dispersed areas and populations.Subclades of IJK are now concentrated in males native to:

• Europe (e. g. haplogroups I, J, R and N);
• the Caucasus, Near East and North East Africa (e.g. haplogroups J and T);
• South Asia (e.g. haplogroups J, L and R);
• East Asia，Southeast Asia, Oceania, and the Pacific (e. g. haplogroups K, M, O, P, S)
• Northern Eurasia, (e.g. haplogroups N and Q) and;
• Native American peoples (e. g. haplogroup Q and R).

Structure

Basic phylogeny

• IJK
  • IJK (L15/S137, L16/S138, L69.1(=G)/S163.1)
    • IJ (M429/P125, P123, P124, P126, P127, P129, P130, S2, S22)
    • K (M9, P128, P131, P132)

Phylogenetic tree

† = A basal haplogroup that has not been documented among living individuals.

(Based on the YCC 2008 tree and subsequent published research.^[5])

Mutation

L15

The defining SNP L15 is located at Y chromosomal location rs9786139 with the ancestral value being A and the derived value being G.

L16

The defining SNP L16 is at location rs9786714 with the ancestral value being G and the derived value being A.

See also

• Haplogroup
• Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups
• Y-chromosome haplogroups in populations of the world
• Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Europe
• Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of South Asia
• Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of East and Southeast Asia
• Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Near East
• Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of North Africa
• Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Caucasus
• Y-DNA haplogroups by ethnic group
• Haplogroup IJ (Y-DNA)
• Haplogroup I (Y-DNA)
• Haplogroup J (Y-DNA)
• Haplogroup K (Y-DNA)

Notes and References

1. The remains of Ust'-Ishim man, dating from 45,000 BP have been found to be NO*, meaning that IJK must be significantly older. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v514/n7523/extref/nature13810-s1.pdf
2. Web site: FTDNA Advanced SNP Descriptions . 2008-11-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20101227065359/https://www.familytreedna.com/advanced-snp-descriptions.aspx . 2010-12-27 . dead .
3. The genetic history of Ice Age Europe . Nature. 534. 7606. 200–205. 4943878. 2016. Fu. Q.. Posth. C.. Hajdinjak. M.. Petr. M.. Mallick. S.. Fernandes. D.. Furtwängler. A.. Haak. W.. Meyer. M.. Mittnik. A.. Nickel. B.. Peltzer. A.. Rohland. N.. Slon. V.. Talamo. S.. Lazaridis. I.. Lipson. M.. Mathieson. I.. Schiffels. S.. Skoglund. P.. Derevianko. A. P.. Drozdov. N.. Slavinsky. V.. Tsybankov. A.. Cremonesi. R. G.. Mallegni. F.. Gély. B.. Vacca. E.. González Morales. M. R.. Straus. L. G.. 29. 27135931. 10.1038/nature17993. 2016Natur.534..200F.
4. Posth . Cosimo . Yu . He . Ghalichi . Ayshin . Rougier . Hélène . Crevecoeur . Isabelle . Huang . Yilei . Ringbauer . Harald . Rohrlach . Adam B. . Nägele . Kathrin . Villalba-Mouco . Vanessa . Radzeviciute . Rita . Ferraz . Tiago . Stoessel . Alexander . Tukhbatova . Rezeda . Drucker . Dorothée G. . Lari . Martina . Modi . Alessandra . Vai . Stefania . Saupe . Tina . Scheib . Christiana L. . Catalano . Giulio . Pagani . Luca . Talamo . Sahra . Fewlass . Helen . Klaric . Laurent . Morala . André . Rué . Mathieu . Madelaine . Stéphane . Crépin . Laurent . Caverne . Jean-Baptiste . Bocaege . Emmy . Ricci . Stefano . Boschin . Francesco . Bayle . Priscilla . Maureille . Bruno . Le Brun-Ricalens . Foni . Bordes . Jean-Guillaume . Oxilia . Gregorio . Bortolini . Eugenio . Bignon-Lau . Olivier . Debout . Grégory . Orliac . Haak . Wolfgang . Krause . Johannes . Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers . Nature . March 2023 . 615 . 7950 . 117–126 . 10.1038/s41586-023-05726-0 . 22 March 2023 . en . 1476-4687. 10256/23099 . free .
5. Karafet TM, Mendez FL, Meilerman MB, Underhill PA, Zegura SL, Hammer MF . New binary polymorphisms reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree . Genome Research . 2008 . 18 . 830–8 . 10.1101/gr.7172008 . 18385274 . 5 . 2336805.