Haplogroup A-P305 Explained

A1
Origin-Date:161,300 years BP[1]
Origin-Place:Africa
Ancestor:A0-T
Descendants:A1a and A1b
Mutations:P305

Haplogroup A-P305 also known as A1 is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Like its parent haplogroup haplogroup A0-T (A-L1085), A1 includes the vast majority of living human males. It emerged in Africa approximately 161,300 years ago. [1] By comparison, members of its sole sibling subclade, haplogroup A0 – the only other primary subclade of haplogroup A0-T – are found mostly in Africa.

Basal, undivergent A-P305* is largely restricted to populations native to Africa, though a handful of cases have been reported in Europe and Western Asia. A-P305* is found at its highest rates in Bakola Pygmies (South Cameroon) at 8.3% and Berbers from Tunisia at 1.5% and in Ghana.[2] The clade also achieves high frequencies in the Bushmen hunter-gatherer populations of Southern Africa, followed closely by many Nilotic groups in Eastern Africa. However, haplogroup A's oldest sub-clades are exclusively found in Central-Northwest Africa, where it, and consequently Y-chromosomal Adam, is believed to have originated about 140,000 years ago.[3] The clade has also been observed at notable frequencies in certain populations in Ethiopia, as well as some Pygmy groups in Central Africa.

Notes and References

  1. Web site: A1 YTree. www.yfull.com.
  2. Scozzari R, Massaia A, D'Atanasio E, etal . Molecular dissection of the basal clades in the human Y chromosome phylogenetic tree . PLOS ONE . 7 . 11 . e49170 . 2012 . 23145109 . 3492319 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0049170 . 2012PLoSO...749170S . free .
  3. Cruciani F, Trombetta B, Massaia A, Destro-Bisol G, Sellitto D, Scozzari R . A revised root for the human Y chromosomal phylogenetic tree: the origin of patrilineal diversity in Africa . American Journal of Human Genetics . 88 . 6 . 814–8 . Jun 2011 . 21601174 . 3113241 . 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.05.002 .