List of Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross recipients (T) explained

The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (German: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes) and its variants were the highest awards in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded for a wide range of reasons and across all ranks, from a senior commander for skilled leadership of his troops in battle to a low-ranking soldier for a single act of extreme gallantry. A total of 7,321 awards were made between its first presentation on 30 September 1939 and its last bestowal on 17 June 1945. This number is based on the analysis and acceptance of the order commission of the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR). Presentations were made to members of the three military branches of the Wehrmacht—the Heer (Army), Kriegsmarine (Navy) and Luftwaffe (Air Force)—as well as the Waffen-SS, the Reichsarbeitsdienst (RAD—Reich Labour Service) and the Volkssturm (German national militia). There were also 43 recipients in the military forces of allies of the Third Reich.

These recipients are listed in the 1986 edition of Walther-Peer Fellgiebel's book, German: Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 [''The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945'']. Fellgiebel was the former chairman and head of the order commission of the AKCR. In 1996, the second edition of this book was published with an addendum delisting 11 of these original recipients. Author Veit Scherzer has cast doubt on a further 193 of these listings. The majority of the disputed recipients had been nominated for the award in 1945, when the deteriorating situation of Germany during the final days of World War II left a number of nominations incomplete and pending in various stages of the approval process.

Listed here are the 182 Knight's Cross recipients whose last name starts with "T". While Veit Scherzer has challenged the validity of 5 of these listings, he has also pointed out that the AKCR failed to identify Hans Turnwal as a potential recipient. The recipients are ordered alphabetically by last name. The rank listed is the recipient's rank at the time the Knight's Cross was awarded.

Background

The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grades were based on four separate enactments. The first enactment, German: [[Reichsgesetzblatt]] I S. 1573 of 1 September 1939 instituted the Iron Cross (German: Eisernes Kreuz), the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (German: Großkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes). Article 2 of the enactment mandated that the award of a higher class be preceded by the award of all preceding classes.[1] As the war progressed, some of the recipients of the Knight's Cross distinguished themselves further and a higher grade, the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (German: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub), was instituted. The Oak Leaves, as they were commonly referred to, were based on the enactment German: Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 849 of 3 June 1940.[2] In 1941, two higher grades of the Knight's Cross were instituted. The enactment German: Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 613 of 28 September 1941 introduced the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords (German: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub und Schwertern) and the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds (German: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillanten).[3] At the end of 1944 the final grade, the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Golden Oak Leaves, Swords, and Diamonds (German: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit goldenem Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillanten), based on the enactment German: Reichsgesetzblatt 1945 I S. 11 of 29 December 1944, became the final variant of the Knight's Cross authorized.[4]

Recipients

The Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (Supreme Command of the Armed Forces) kept separate Knight's Cross lists for the Heer (Army), Kriegsmarine (Navy), Luftwaffe (Air Force), and Waffen-SS. Within each of these lists a unique sequential number was assigned to each recipient. The same numbering paradigm was applied to the higher grades of the Knight's Cross, one list per grade. Of the 182 awards made to servicemen whose last name starts with "T", 19 were later awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, two the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords and one the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds; 20 presentations were made posthumously. Heer members received 112 of the medals, including the award given to Volkssturmmann Ernst Tiburzy. A further 14 presentations were given to the Kriegsmarine, 47 to the Luftwaffe, and 9 to the Waffen-SS. The sequential numbers greater than 843 for the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and 143 for the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords are unofficial and were assigned by the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR) and are therefore denoted in parentheses.



NameServiceRankRole and unit[5] Date of awardNotesImage
Heer09-HFeldwebelZugführer (platoon leader) in the 3./Pionier-Bataillon 246
Heer12-HLeutnantLeader of the 2./Sturmgeschütz-Brigade 190
Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantStaffelkapitän of the 7./Kampfgeschwader 1 "Hindenburg"
Heer06-HUnteroffizierIn the 4./Artillerie-Regiment 157
Luftwaffe10-LOberfeldwebelPilot in the 4./Jagdgeschwader 51 "Mölders"
Heer13-HOberleutnant of the ReservesChief of the 6./Panzergrenadier-Regiment 3
Heer10-HOberfeldwebelCompany troop leader in the 3./Grenadier-Regiment 156 (motorized)
Luftwaffe14-LHauptmannCommander of the III./Fallschirmjäger-Regiment 2
Luftwaffe10-LOberfeldwebelPilot in the 12./Jagdgeschwader 51 "Mölders"
Waffen-SS16-WSS-ObersturmbannführerCommander of the II./SS-Polizei-Panzergrenadier-Regiment 8
Heer15-HMajorLeader of Artillerie-Regiment 121
Luftwaffe14-LHauptmannStaffelkapitän of the 5.(F)/Aufklärungs-Gruppe 122
Heer13-HOberleutnantChief of the 7./Panzer-Regiment 6
Heer14-HHauptmann of the ReservesCommander of Heeres-Artillerie-Abteilung 934 (motorized)
Luftwaffe10-LOberfeldwebelPilot in the 2./Jagdgeschwader 54
Kriegsmarine14-MKapitänleutnantCommander of Killed in action 12 May 1943
Heer12-HLeutnantZugführer (platoon leader) in Regiments-Nachrichten-Zug/Grenadier-Regiment 712Killed in action 20 January 1945
Luftwaffe10-LOberfeldwebelPilot in the 6./Kampfgeschwader 53
Waffen-SS15-WSS-SturmbannführerCommander of the II./SS-Panzer-Regiment 9 "Hohenstaufen"
Heer14-HHauptmann of the ReservesCommander of the IV./Artillerie-Regiment 172
Kriegsmarine13-MOberleutnant zur See of the ReservesCommander of Vorpostenboot VP-1313 in the 13. Vorpostenflottille
Heer15-HMajor of the ReservesCommander of Pionier-Bataillon 187
Kriegsmarine14-MKapitänleutnantCommander of Torpedoboot T-28
Heer16-HOberstleutnantCommander of Füsilier-Regiment 230
Heer14-HHauptmannChief of the 1./Grenadier-Regiment 487Killed in action 29 March 1943
Heer13-HOberleutnantAdjutant of Infanterie-Regiment 446Killed in action 11 October 1941
?Heer15-HMajorCommander of the II./Festungs-Regiment Mohr (fortress Breslau)
Heer12-HLeutnant of the ReservesLeader of the 5./Grenadier-Regiment 956
Heer12-HLeutnantZugführer (platoon leader) in the schwere Panzer-Jäger-Abteilung 653
Heer12-HLeutnant of the ReservesLeader of the 11./Grenadier-Regiment 67
Heer05-HStabsgefreiterDeputy group leader in the 7./Panzergrenadier-Regiment 26
Luftwaffe15-LMajorGruppenkommandeur of the I./Kampfgeschwader 26
?Heer09-HWachtmeisterIn the 11./Panzer-Regiment 24
Waffen-SS15-WSS-SturmbannführerCommander of the I./SS-Panzer-Regiment 10 "Frundsberg"
+HeerGeneralleutnantCommander of the 24. Infanterie-DivisionAwarded 821st Oak Leaves 5 April 1945
Heer12-HLeutnant of the ReservesLeader of the 2./Grenadier-Regiment 546
Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantStaffelkapitän of the 7./Jagdgeschwader 54
Luftwaffe12-LLeutnantZugführer (platoon leader) in the 6./Fallschirmjäger-Regiment 2
Heer04-HObergefreiterMachine gunner in the 3./Jäger-Regiment 25 (L)
Heer14-HHauptmannLeader of the II./Panzer-Regiment 25
Waffen-SS06-WSS-UnterscharführerPanzer driver in the 6./SS-Panzer-Regiment 2 "Das Reich"
Heer06-HOberjägerGroup leader in the 13./Gebirgsjäger-Regiment 13
Heer12-HLeutnantIn the 2./Heeres-Küsten-Artillerie-Abteilung 289
Heer04-HObergefreiterGroup leader in the 6./Panzergrenadier-Regiment 2
Heer06-HUnteroffizierGroup leader in the 13./Grenadier-Regiment 32
Heer10-HOberwachtmeisterBattery officer in the 5./Artillerie-Regiment 253
Luftwaffe12-LLeutnantPilot in the 7./Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 "Immelmann"
Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantStaffelführer of the 2./Jagdgeschwader 51 "Mölders"
Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantStaffelkapitän of the 7./Kampfgeschwader 27 "Boelcke"
Heer10-HOberfeldwebelZugführer (platoon leader) in the 7./Füsilier-Regiment 22Killed in action 14 January 1945
Heer14-HRittmeisterLeader of the III./Panzer-Regiment 24
Heer06-HUnteroffizierGun leader of the 1./Artillerie-Regiment 217
Heer13-HOberleutnantZugführer (platoon leader) of the 4./Panzer-Regiment 29Died of wounds 3 August 1942
+Kriegsmarine17-MKapitän zur SeeCommander of heavy cruiser "Lützow"Awarded 824th Oak Leaves 8 April 1945
Luftwaffe14-LHauptmannStaffelkapitän of the 5.(S)/Lehrgeschwader 2
Heer10-HOberwachtmeisterZugführer (platoon leader) in the 1./Aufklärungs-Abteilung 298
+Heer14-HHauptmannCommander of the I./Panzergrenadier-Regiment 110Awarded 627th Oak Leaves 23 October 1944
Heer04-HObergefreiterRichtschütze (gunner) in the 14.(Panzerjäger)/Grenadier-Regiment 446Died of wounds 17 December 1943
Heer10-HOberfeldwebelZugführer (platoon leader) in the 6./Panzergrenadier-Regiment 33
Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantStaffelkapitän in the II./Zerstörergeschwader 26 "Horst Wessel"
?Heer12-HLeutnantLeader of the 2./Heeres-Flak-Abteilung "Großdeutschland"Killed in action 18 February 1945
Heer14-HHauptmannDeputy leader of the III./Jäger-Regiment 738
Heer12-HLeutnantZugführer (platoon leader) in the 1./Infanterie-Regiment 5 (motorized)
Heer04-HObergefreiterGun leader in the 14.(Panzerjäger)/Grenadier-Regiment 7Died of wounds 22 October 1944
Heer18-HGeneralmajorCommander of Infanterie-Regiment 519
Heer13-HOberleutnantChief of the 9./Artillerie-Regiment 119
Kriegsmarine15-MKorvettenkapitänChief of the 2. Minensuchflottille
Heer18-HGeneralmajorCommander of the 20. Panzer-Division
Heer14-HHauptmann of the ReservesCommander of the II./Grenadier-Regiment 980
Heer16-HOberstleutnantCommander of Panzer-Regiment 27
Luftwaffe10-LOberfeuerwerkerIn a Sprengkommando der Luftwaffe in Münster
Heer17-HOberstCommander of Infanterie-Regiment 71 (motorized)
+Heer18-HGeneralmajorCommander of the 11. Infanterie-DivisionAwarded 299th Oak Leaves 11 September 1943
Luftwaffe15-LMajorGruppenkommandeur of the III./Kampfgeschwader 26
+Kriegsmarine14-MKapitänleutnantCommander of Awarded (852nd) Oak Leaves 29 April 1945
Luftwaffe14-LHauptmannCommander of the I./Fallschirm-Panzergrenadier-Regiment 2 "Hermann Göring"Killed in action 26 June 1944
+Heer13-HOberleutnantSchwadron leader in Aufklärungs-Abteilung 94Awarded 349th Oak Leaves 7 December 1943
Heer13-HOberleutnantChief of the 2./Kavallerie-Regiment "Nord"Killed in action 16 January 1944
Kriegsmarine15-MKorvettenkapitän of the ReservesChief of the 2. Geleitflottille "Adria"Killed in action 1 November 1944
Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantStaffelkapitän of the 4./Kampfgeschwader 55
Heer15-HMajorCommander of Panzer-Pionier-Bataillon 79
?Heer19-HGeneralleutnantCommander of the 18. Panzer-Division
+Heer13-HOberleutnant of the ReservesChief of the 6./Grenadier-Regiment 501Awarded 424th Oak Leaves 13 March 1944
Heer14-HHauptmannLeader of the II./Grenadier-Regiment 351
Heer04-HObergefreiterGroup leader in the 10./Grenadier-Regiment 60 (motorized)
+Heer16-HOberstleutnantCommander of Infanterie-Regiment 56Awarded 166th Oak Leaves 23 December 1942
Heer18-HGeneralmajorCommander of the 1. Panzer-Division
Kriegsmarine15-MKorvettenkapitänCommander of
+Luftwaffe12-LLeutnantPilot in the III./Kampfgeschwader 55Awarded 587th Oak Leaves 17 September 1944
Luftwaffe12-LLeutnantPilot in the I./Kampfgeschwader 200
+Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantStaffelkapitän of the 7./Jagdgeschwader 54Awarded 822nd Oak Leaves 8 April 1945
Heer15-HMajorCommander of the I./Panzergrenadier-Regiment 26
Volkssturm15-HVolkssturmmann (holding a rank equivalent to Major)Battalion leader in the Volkssturm-Bataillon 25/82 in the fortress Königsberg
Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantStaffelkapitän of the 9.(Sturm)/Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet"Killed in action 16 August 1944
Heer12-HLeutnantLeader of the 2./Artillerie-Regiment 349
Heer12-HLeutnantLeader of the 7./Grenadier-Regiment 43
Heer19-HGeneralleutnantCommander of the 93. Infanterie-Division
Heer16-HOberstleutnant of the ReservesCommander of Jäger-Regiment 38
Kriegsmarine14-MKapitänleutnantCommander of
[6] Luftwaffe12-LLeutnantZugführer (platoon leader) in the 5./Fallschirmjäger-Regiment 1
Heer14-HHauptmannCommander of the II./Artillerie-Regiment 240
Luftwaffe14-LHauptmannStaffelkapitän of the 5./Jagdgeschwader 51Killed in action 18 August 1940
Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantObserver and Staffel officer in the 8./Kampfgeschwader 4 "General Wever"
Heer13-HOberleutnant of the ReservesChief of the 2./Panzer-Jäger-Abteilung 61
Heer15-HMajor of the ReservesBattalion commander in the Regiment "Mohr" in the fortress Breslau (commander of Jäger-Ersatz und Ausbildungs Bataillon 49)
Heer12-HLeutnant of the ReservesLeader of the 10./Grenadier-Regiment 183
Heer12-HLeutnantZugführer (platoon leader) in the 2./Pionier-Bataillon 297
Luftwaffe15-LMajorCommander of Fallschirmjäger-Regiment 12
Kriegsmarine15-MKorvettenkapitänCommander of
?Heer12-HLeutnantChief of the 1./Sturmgeschütz-Brigade 300 (F)
Heer13-HOberleutnantChief of the 1./Artillerie-Regiment 3 (motorized)
+Heer19-HGeneralleutnantCommander of the 30. Infanterie-DivisionAwarded 539th Oak Leaves 30 July 1944
Heer14-HHauptmannCompany chief in schwere Panzer-Abteilung 509
Heer03-HGefreiterMachine gunner in Divisions-Füsilier-Bataillon 320
Heer10-HOberfeldwebelTroop leader in the 2./Grenadier-Regiment 757
Waffen-SS06-WSS-UnterscharführerGroup leader in the 3./SS-Panzer-Aufklärungs-Abteilung 3 "Totenkopf"
Heer09-HFeldwebelZugführer (platoon leader) in the 3./Grenadier-Regiment 31
Heer13-HOberleutnant of the ReservesChief of the 1./Artillerie-Regiment 66
+Kriegsmarine13-MOberleutnant zur SeeCommander of Schnellboot S-102 in the 1. SchnellbootflottilleAwarded 143rd Oak Leaves 13 November 1942
Heer10-HOberfähnrichAide-de-camp in the I./Grenadier-Regiment 255
Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantStaffelkapitän of the 1./Schlachtgeschwader 3
Heer12-HLeutnant of the ReservesZugführer (platoon leader) in the Pionier-Bataillon 200
+Heer13-HOberleutnantChief of the 14./Infanterie-Regiment 22Awarded 302nd Oak Leaves 15 September 1943
80th Swords 18 July 1944
25th Diamonds 18 March 1945
+Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantPilot in the I./Schnellkampfgeschwader 210Awarded 632nd Oak Leaves 24 October 1944
+Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantStaffelkapitän of the 3./Jagdgeschwader 53Awarded 128th Oak Leaves 24 September 1942
+Kriegsmarine13-MOberleutnant zur SeeCommander of Awarded 87th Oak Leaves 11 April 1942
17th Swords 17 August 1942
+Heer13-HOberleutnantChief of the 2./Infanterie-Regiment 60 (motorized)Awarded 132nd Oak Leaves 11 October 1942
Heer14-HHauptmannLeader of the Sturmartillerie-Brigade in the Führer-Grenadier-Division "Großdeutschland"
Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantZugführer (platoon leader) in the 1./Fallschirmjäger-Sturm-Regiment 1
Heer10-HOberfeldwebelZugführer (platoon leader) in the 1./Grenadier-Regiment 507
Waffen-SS10-WSS-HauptscharführerZugführer (platoon leader) in the 2./SS-Panzer-Jäger-Abteilung 5 "Wiking"
Waffen-SS17-WSS-StandartenführerLeader of the 1. SS-Infanterie-Brigade (motorized)
Heer13-HOberleutnantLeader of the I./Grenadier-Regiment 309
Heer09-HWachtmeisterGun leader in the 1./Sturmgeschütz-Abteilung 667
+Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantPilot in the I./Zerstörergeschwader 1Awarded 437th Oak Leaves 26 March 1944
Waffen-SS15-WSS-Sturmbannführer and Major of the SchutzpolizeiCommander of the I./SS-Polizei-Grenadier-Regiment 3
Heer10-HOberfeldwebelIn the 3./Ski-Pionier-Bataillon 85
+Heer16-HOberstleutnantCommander of the I./Infanterie-Regiment 90Awarded 67th Oak Leaves 23 January 1942
Luftwaffe15-LMajorGeschwaderkommodore of Jagdgeschwader 54
Heer17-HOberstCommander of Füsilier-Regiment 22
Kriegsmarine13-MOberleutnant zur See of the ReservesCommander of U-Jäger 202Killed in action 1 November 1944
Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantLeader of the III./Fallschirmjäger-Sturm-Regiment
Heer14-HHauptmannCommander of the II./Grenadier-Regiment 53
Heer15-HMajorCommander of the II./Gebirgsjäger-Regiment 85
Heer13-HOberleutnant of the ReservesChief of the 5./Infanterie-Regiment 20 (motorized)Killed in action 10 August 1941
Luftwaffe09-LFahnenjunker-FeldwebelPilot in the 6./Kampfgeschwader 1 "Hindenburg"
Luftwaffe10-LOberfeldwebelPilot in the 2./Jagdgeschwader 52
Heer06-HUnteroffizierZugführer (platoon leader) in the 7./Grenadier-Regiment 365Died of wounds 17 September 1944
Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantStaffelkapitän in the 8./Schlachtgeschwader 77Killed in flying accident 16 April 1943
Heer03-HGefreiterPioneer in the 3./Panzer-Pionier-Bataillon 86
Heer19-HGeneralleutnantCommander of the 18. Luftwaffen-Feld-Division
+Luftwaffe15-LMajor im Generalstab (in the General Staff)Ia (operations officer) in the 7. FliegerdivisionAwarded 586th Oak Leaves 17 September 1944
Heer14-HHauptmannCommander of the I./Grenadier-Regiment 1058
Heer15-HMajorCommander of Jäger-Bataillon 5
Luftwaffe14-LHauptmannChief of the 3./Flak-Regiment 7 (motorized)
Heer19-HGeneralleutnantCommander of the 167. Infanterie-Division
Heer09-HFeldwebelIn the 4.(MG)/Grenadier-Regiment 577
Heer10-HOberfeldwebelZugführer (platoon leader) in the 7./Gebirgsjäger-Regiment 144Killed in action 16 February 1943
Luftwaffe09-LFeldwebelPilot in the 1./Schlachtgeschwader 1
+Heer15-HMajorCommander of the III./Grenadier-Regiment 479Awarded 799th Oak Leaves 23 March 1945
Heer18-HGeneralmajorLeader of the 17. Panzer-Division
Heer10-HOberfeldwebelAide-de-camp in the II./Grenadier-Regiment 102
Kriegsmarine13-MOberleutnant zur SeeCommander of
Heer16-HOberstleutnantCommander of Infanterie-Regiment 411
Heer17-HOberstDeputy leader of the 305. Infanterie-Division
Heer17-HOberstCommander of Grenadier-Regiment 70
Luftwaffe14-LHauptmannStaffelkapitän of the 12./Kampfgeschwader 26
Luftwaffe14-LHauptmannCommander of the Festungs-Bataillon "Trotz" in the fortress Breslau (commander of the II./Fallschirmjäger-Regiment 26)
Heer18-HGeneralmajorCommander of the 57. Infanterie-Division
Luftwaffe09-LFeldwebelAerial radio operator in the 1./Schlachtgeschwader 5
Heer13-HOberleutnantLeader of the 2./Sturmgeschütz-Abteilung 190
Luftwaffe10-LOberfeldwebelAerial radio operator in the 9./Kampfgeschwader 1 "Hindenburg"
Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantChief of the 2./Fallschirm-Panzer-Regiment "Hermann Göring"
Luftwaffe13-LOberleutnantObserver and aircraft commander in the 5.(H)/Aufklärungs-Gruppe 41Killed in action 11 June 1944
Heer13-HOberleutnant of the ReservesChief of the 3./Infanterie-Regiment 29 (motorized)
Heer10-HOberfeldwebelLeader of the 2./Grenadier-Regiment 407
Heer04-HObergefreiterSchütze 1 in the 13./Grenadier-Regiment 19 "List"
Heer03-HGefreiterKrad messenger in the Stab of Füsilier-Bataillon (A.A.) 81
+Waffen-SS15-WSS-SturmbannführerCommander of the II./SS-Panzer-Regiment 2 "Das Reich"Awarded 353rd Oak Leaves 10 December 1943
Heer17-HOberstCommander of Grenadier-Regiment 407
Heer10-HOberfeldwebelZugführer (platoon leader) in the 6./Schützen-Regiment 10
Luftwaffe16-LOberstleutnantCommander of leichte Flak-Abteilung 84 (motorized) and leader of a Kampfgruppe

Hans Turnwald

Hans Turnwald is not listed by the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR). According to Veit Scherzer, on 8 May 1945, Turnwald, as Leutnant of the Reserves and leader of Jagdpanzer-Kompanie 1015, had been nominated for the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. The nomination of the Heerespersonalamt (HPA—Army Personnel Office) was ready for signature but the process was never completed. In similar instances the AKCR had argued that the presentation was in accordance with the Dönitz-decree. This is illegal according to the Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt) and lacks legal justification. Scherzer claims that the AKCR forgot to list him.

References

Bibliography

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Reichsgesetzblatt Teil I S. 1573; 1 September 1939 . de. Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). 21 February 2008 . PDF . ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek.
  2. Web site: Reichsgesetzblatt Teil I S. 849; 3 June 1940. de. Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). 21 February 2008 . PDF . ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek .
  3. Web site: Reichsgesetzblatt Teil I S. 613; 28 September 1941. de. Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). 21 February 2008 . PDF . ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek .
  4. Web site: Reichsgesetzblatt 1945 I S. 11; 29 December 1944. de. Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). 21 February 2008 . PDF . ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek .
  5. For an explanation of the various naming schemes used by the Luftwaffe, Heer, Kriegsmarine and Waffen-SS refer to nomenclature used by the Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS.
  6. The brackets around the doctor title [Dr.] denotes that the academic title was attained after the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded.

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