Han Chinese Eight Banners Explained

T:漢軍八旗
S:汉军八旗
P:hànjūn bāqí
J:hon3 gwan1 baat3 kei4
Y:hon gwān baat kèih
Mnc:ᡠᠵᡝᠨ ᠴᠣᠣᡥᠠᡳ ᡤᡡᠰᠠ
Mnc V:ujen coohai gūsa
Mnc A:ujen qouhai gvsa
Mon:Хятад найман хошуу

Han Chinese Eight Banners (Manchu: [1]), sometimes translated as Han-martial Eight Banners,[2] were one of the three divisions in the Eight Banners of the Qing dynasty.[3] Members of the Han Chinese Eight Banners were originally Han Chinese living in the Liaodong (modern Liaoning) of Ming dynasty. During the transition from Ming to Qing, these people were conquered by the Jurchen-led Later Jin dynasty. In 1631, Hong Taiji created the Han Chinese Eight Banners. Over time, other Han Chinese people who had surrendered to Qing dynasty joined the Han Chinese Eight Banners.[3]

The Han Chinese Eight Banners played an important role in Qing conquest of Ming. After that Qing dynasty started governing the whole China. After this period being admitted into the Han Chinese Eight Banners became an honor for ordinary Han Chinese people.[4]

During the latter half of the 17th century, some members of the Han Chinese Eight Banners were required to leave it. This was known as "Hanjun Chuqi" in Chinese .[5]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: 傅波 . 《赫图阿拉与满族姓氏家谱研究》 . 辽宁民族出版社 . 2005 . 9787807220091 .
  2. Elliott, Mark C. “Bannerman and townsman: Ethnic tension in nineteenth-century Jiangnan,” Late Imperial China, 11, No. 1 (June 1990), pp. 36–74
  3. 陈佳华 . 傅克东 . 《民族研究》 . 1981 . 5 . 《八旗汉军考略》 . 中国社会科学院民族研究所 .
  4. 谢景芳 . 《求是学刊》 . 3 . 《清初八旗汉军的地位和作用》 . 黑龙江大学 . 1986 .
  5. Book: 刘小萌 . 《清代八旗子弟》 . 辽宁民族出版社 . 2008 . 9787807225638 .