Loki-Fögrufjöll Explained

Loki-Fögrufjöll should not be confused with Laki.

Loki-Fögrufjöll
Other Name:Hamarinn
Elevation M:1573
Elevation Ref:[1]
Listing:List of volcanoes in Iceland
Map:Iceland
Relief:1
Map Size:200
Label Position:right
Coordinates:64.4781°N -17.8217°W
Type:Subglacial volcano
Last Eruption:1910

The Loki-Fögrufjöll (pronounced as /is/ volcanic system;[2] also known as Hamarinn in Icelandic pronounced as /ˈhaːmarɪn/ after its central volcano or Lokahryggur in Icelandic pronounced as /ˈlɔːkaˌr̥ɪkːʏr̥/) is a subglacial volcano under the Vatnajökull glacier.

The subglacial volcano is found within the Bárðarbunga fissure volcanic system, but is outside the caldera of Bárðarbunga itself.[3] Earthquake swarms associated with the volcano are separate in time and place from other swarms in the Bárðarbunga system. The fissure swarm extending south-west towards Torfajökull has not had recent earthquakes or erupted in the Holocene. A geothermally and seismically active ridge called Lokahryggur or the Loki Ridge, extends eastward from Hamarinn under the ice to where in 1996 the Gjálp volcanic fissure erupted between Bárðarbunga and Grímsvötn and produced a large jökulhlaup.[4]

The last confirmed eruption was in 1910 when tephra was erupted, but the system may also have had subglacial eruptions in 1986, 1991,[5] 2006, 2008[6] and 2011.[7]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: National Land Survey of Iceland (Kortasja):Hamarinn. 18 March 2024.
  2. Björnsson. H.. Einarsson. P.. 1990. Volcanoes beneath Vatnajökull, Iceland: Evidence from radio echo-sounding, earthquakes and jökulhlaups. Jökull. 40. 147-168. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20230320235442id_/https://jokull.jorfi.is/articles/jokull1990.40/jokull1990.40.147.pdf. 20 March 2023. 18 March 2024.
  3. Web site: Catalogue of Icelandic Volcanoes:Bárðarbunga Alternative name: Veiðivötn. 18 March 2024. Guðrún. Larsen. Magnús T.. Guðmundsson. 2019.
  4. Seismicity in Iceland: 1994–2007.. Jakobsdóttir. S.S.. 2008. Jökull. 58. 1. 75–100.
  5. Web site: Loki-Fögrufjöll Volcano, Iceland | John Seach. volcanolive.com.
  6. http://www.jonfr.com/volcano/?p=32
  7. The effect of the 2002 glacial flood on dissolved and suspended chemical fluxes in the Skaftá river, Iceland. Galeczka. I.. Eiriksdottir. E.S.. Hardardottir. J.. Oelkers. E.H.. Torssander. P.. Gislason. S.R.. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 301. 2015. 253–276. 31 August 2020. 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.05.008. 2015JVGR..301..253G.