The Hainanese Transliteration Scheme is a romanization scheme developed by the Guangdong Provincial Education Department in September 1960 as one of four systems collectively referred to as Guangdong Romanization. The scheme describes the Wenchang dialect spoken in Wenchang, Hainan which is considered to be the prestige dialect of Hainanese. At the time of the scheme's creation, Hainan was part of Guangdong, until it was separated to form its own province in 1988. This system utilises the Latin alphabet with superscript numbers to represent tone.
This system uses the Latin alphabet, excluding the letters,,,,,,, and .
Letter | Example | IPA |
---|---|---|
b | 波 | [ʔb]/[ɓ] |
p | 坡 | [pʰ]/[ɸ] |
m | 摩 | [m] |
v | 无 | [v]/[b] |
d | 装 | [t] |
dd | 刀 | [ʔd]/[ɗ] |
n | 挪 | [n] |
l | 罗 | [l] |
g | 哥 | [k] |
ng | 俄 | [ŋ] |
h | 可 | [x] |
hh | 号 | [h] |
z | 支 | [ts] |
s | 妻 | [s] |
y | 余 | [z] |
i [i] 医 | u [u] 呜 | |
a [a] 亚 | ia [ia] 也 | ua [ua] 换 |
o [o] 哦 | io [iɔ] 喲 | |
e [ɛ] 下 | ue [ue] 话 | |
ai [ai] 哀 | uai [uai] 坏 | |
oi [ɔi] 鞋 | ui [ui] 貴 | |
ao [au] 凹 | iao [iau] 妖 | |
ou [ɔu] 歐 | iu [iu] 柚 | |
am [am] 暗 | iam [iam] 厌 | |
im [im] 音 | ||
an [an] 安 | uan [uan] 弯 | |
in [in] 烟 | un [un] 温 | |
ang [aŋ] 红 | iang [iaŋ] 央 | uang [uaŋ] 汪 |
eng [eŋ] 英 | ||
ong [ɔŋ] 翁 | iong [iɔŋ] (Chinese: 匈) | |
ab [ap] 盒 | iab [iap] (Chinese: 协) | |
ib [ip] 邑 | ||
ad [at] 遏 | uad [uat] 挖 | |
id [it] 乙 | ud [ut] 核 | |
ag [ak] (Chinese: 鹤) | iag [iak] (Chinese: 菊) | uag [uak] (Chinese: 廓) |
eg [ek] 益 | ||
og [ok] 喔 | iog [iok] 育 | |
Tone number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | |
Example | 诗 di1 | 时 di2 | 死 di3 | 四 di4 | 是 di5 | 视 di6 | 失 did7 | 实 did8 |