| Hacienda San Antonio Tahdzibichén | |
| Settlement Type: | Private Event Venue |
| Pushpin Map: | Mexico |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in Mexico |
| Coordinates: | 20.885°N -89.5978°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Mexico |
| Subdivision Type1: | Mexican States |
| Subdivision Name1: | Yucatán |
| Subdivision Type2: | Municipalities |
| Subdivision Name2: | Mérida Municipality |
| Timezone1: | CST |
| Utc Offset1: | −6 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | CDT |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | −5 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 97316[1] |
| Area Code Type: | Area code |
| Area Code: | 999[2] |
Hacienda San Antonio Tahdzibichén (also known as Tahdzibichén) is located in the Mérida Municipality in the state of Yucatán in southeastern Mexico. It is one of the properties that arose during the nineteenth century henequen boom. It is part of the Cuxtal Ecological Reserve which was set aside in 1993 to protect both the man-made and natural history of the reserve area of Mérida.
The name (San Antonio Tahdzibichén) is a combination of Maya and Spanish terms. "San Antonio" is Spanish for the patron saint of the chapel and "Tahdzibichén" is from the Mayan language. It comes from the words "tah" meaning "very", "ts’ib or dzib" meaning "written" and "chen" which means "well", thus it means very well written.[3]
The property is located 4.5 km south of Mérida on the Carretera Mérida–Timucuy.[4]
See main article: Haciendas of Yucatán.
The Tahdzibichén estate was founded in 1873 as a henequen plantation and operated as a sisal production farm until the last decade.[5]
On 28 June 1993 the Cuxtal Ecological Reserve was designated to protect the history of the 7 large haciendas, their adjoining pueblas, 12 minor archaeological sites, 6 cenotes and one of Merida's important water supply stations.[6] Hacienda San Antonio Tahdzibichén was part of this historic designation.[7]
Within the reserve are the following protected haciendas:[7]
Currently the estate can be rented for private events, such as tours, photo sessions, weddings and fiestas.
The main house of the Hacienda San Antonio Tahdzibichén is unadorned, having 4 bedrooms, a hall, a living room and a dining area. No furniture remains, but there are pictures throughout the house of Pedro Infante who visited it often at the height of his fame. The power house and other working buildings of the farm are in ruins, but the gardens are extensive and have a citrus orchard.
All of the henequen plantations ceased to exist as autonomous communities with the agrarian land reform implemented by President Lazaro Cardenas in 1937. His decree turned the haciendas into collective ejidos, leaving only 150 hectares to the former landowners for use as private property.[9] Figures before 1937 indicate populations living on the farm. After 1937, figures indicate those living in the community, as the remaining Hacienda San Antonio Tahdzibichén houses only the owner's immediate family.
According to the 2005 census conducted by the INEGI, the population of the city was 678 inhabitants, of whom 338 were men and 340 were women.[10]
| Year | 1910 | 1921 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 230 | ? | 180 | 195 | 233 | 148 | 481 | 398 | 495 | 569 | 610 | 678 |