HOXD3 explained

Homeobox protein Hox-D3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HOXD3 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

This gene belongs to the homeobox family of genes. The homeobox genes encode a highly conserved family of transcription factors that play an important role in morphogenesis in all multicellular organisms. Mammals possess four similar homeobox gene clusters, HOXA, HOXB, HOXC and HOXD, located on different chromosomes, consisting of 9 to 11 genes arranged in tandem. This gene is one of several homeobox HOXD genes located at 2q31-2q37 chromosome regions. Deletions that removed the entire HOXD gene cluster or 5' end of this cluster have been associated with severe limb and genital abnormalities. The protein encoded by this gene may play a role in the regulation of cell adhesion processes.^[3]

See also

• Homeobox

Further reading

• Taniguchi Y, Fujii A, Moriuchi T . Cloning and sequencing of the human homeobox gene HOX4A . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression . 1132 . 3 . 332–4 . Oct 1992 . 1358204 . 10.1016/0167-4781(92)90173-w .
• Magli MC, Barba P, Celetti A, De Vita G, Cillo C, Boncinelli E . Coordinate regulation of HOX genes in human hematopoietic cells . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 88 . 14 . 6348–52 . Jul 1991 . 1712489 . 52080 . 10.1073/pnas.88.14.6348 . 1991PNAS...88.6348M . free .
• Acampora D, D'Esposito M, Faiella A, Pannese M, Migliaccio E, Morelli F, Stornaiuolo A, Nigro V, Simeone A, Boncinelli E . The human HOX gene family . Nucleic Acids Research . 17 . 24 . 10385–402 . Dec 1989 . 2574852 . 335308 . 10.1093/nar/17.24.10385 .
• Boncinelli E, Acampora D, Pannese M, D'Esposito M, Somma R, Gaudino G, Stornaiuolo A, Cafiero M, Faiella A, Simeone A . Organization of human class I homeobox genes . Genome . 31 . 2 . 745–56 . 1990 . 2576652 . 10.1139/g89-133 .
• Cannizzaro LA, Croce CM, Griffin CA, Simeone A, Boncinelli E, Huebner K . Human homeo box-containing genes located at chromosome regions 2q31----2q37 and 12q12----12q13 . American Journal of Human Genetics . 41 . 1 . 1–15 . Jul 1987 . 2886047 . 1684175 .
• Taniguchi Y, Komatsu N, Moriuchi T . Overexpression of the HOX4A (HOXD3) homeobox gene in human erythroleukemia HEL cells results in altered adhesive properties . Blood . 85 . 10 . 2786–94 . May 1995 . 7742539 . 10.1182/blood.V85.10.2786.bloodjournal85102786. free .
• Guazzi S, Lonigro R, Pintonello L, Boncinelli E, Di Lauro R, Mavilio F . The thyroid transcription factor-1 gene is a candidate target for regulation by Hox proteins . The EMBO Journal . 13 . 14 . 3339–47 . Jul 1994 . 7913891 . 395231 . 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06636.x.
• Manley NR, Capecchi MR . Hox group 3 paralogs regulate the development and migration of the thymus, thyroid, and parathyroid glands . Developmental Biology . 195 . 1 . 1–15 . Mar 1998 . 9520319 . 10.1006/dbio.1997.8827 . free .
• Del Campo M, Jones MC, Veraksa AN, Curry CJ, Jones KL, Mascarello JT, Ali-Kahn-Catts Z, Drumheller T, McGinnis W . Monodactylous limbs and abnormal genitalia are associated with hemizygosity for the human 2q31 region that includes the HOXD cluster . American Journal of Human Genetics . 65 . 1 . 104–10 . Jul 1999 . 10364522 . 1378080 . 10.1086/302467 .
• Myers C, Charboneau A, Boudreau N . Homeobox B3 promotes capillary morphogenesis and angiogenesis . The Journal of Cell Biology . 148 . 2 . 343–51 . Jan 2000 . 10648567 . 2174277 . 10.1083/jcb.148.2.343 .
• Limongi MZ, Pelliccia F, Gaddini L, Rocchi A . Clustering of two fragile sites and seven homeobox genes in human chromosome region 2q31-->q32.1 . Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics . 90 . 1–2 . 151–3 . 2000 . 11060466 . 10.1159/000015651 . 35579702 .
• Kosaki K, Kosaki R, Suzuki T, Yoshihashi H, Takahashi T, Sasaki K, Tomita M, McGinnis W, Matsuo N . Complete mutation analysis panel of the 39 human HOX genes . Teratology . 65 . 2 . 50–62 . Feb 2002 . 11857506 . 10.1002/tera.10009 .
• Okubo Y, Hamada J, Takahashi Y, Tada M, Tsutsumida A, Furuuchi K, Aoyama T, Sugihara T, Moriuchi T . Transduction of HOXD3-antisense into human melanoma cells results in decreased invasive and motile activities . Clinical & Experimental Metastasis . 19 . 6 . 503–11 . 2002 . 12405287 . 10.1023/A:1020346211686 . 2728036 .
• Boudreau NJ, Varner JA . The homeobox transcription factor Hox D3 promotes integrin alpha5beta1 expression and function during angiogenesis . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 279 . 6 . 4862–8 . Feb 2004 . 14610084 . 10.1074/jbc.M305190200 . free .
• Hansen SL, Myers CA, Charboneau A, Young DM, Boudreau N . HoxD3 accelerates wound healing in diabetic mice . The American Journal of Pathology . 163 . 6 . 2421–31 . Dec 2003 . 14633614 . 1892363 . 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63597-3 .
• Chen Y, Xu B, Arderiu G, Hashimoto T, Young WL, Boudreau N, Yang GY . Retroviral delivery of homeobox D3 gene induces cerebral angiogenesis in mice . Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism . 24 . 11 . 1280–7 . Nov 2004 . 15545924 . 10.1097/01.WCB.0000141770.09022.AB . free .

Notes and References

1. McAlpine PJ, Shows TB . Nomenclature for human homeobox genes . Genomics . 7 . 3 . 460 . Jul 1990 . 1973146 . 10.1016/0888-7543(90)90186-X .
2. Scott MP . Vertebrate homeobox gene nomenclature . Cell . 71 . 4 . 551–3 . Nov 1992 . 1358459 . 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90588-4 . 13370372 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: HOXD3 homeobox D3.