HOXA4 explained

Homeobox A4, also known as HOXA4, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the HOXA4 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

In vertebrates, the genes encoding the class of transcription factors called homeobox genes are found in clusters named A, B, C, and D on four separate chromosomes.^[3] Expression of these proteins is spatially and temporally regulated during embryonic development. This gene is part of the A cluster on chromosome 7 and encodes a DNA-binding transcription factor which may regulate gene expression, morphogenesis, and differentiation.^[1]

See also

• Homeobox

Further reading

• Scott MP . Vertebrate homeobox gene nomenclature . Cell . 71 . 4 . 551–553 . November 1992 . 1358459 . 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90588-4 . 13370372 .
• Buettner R, Yim SO, Hong YS, Boncinelli E, Tainsky MA . Alteration of homeobox gene expression by N-ras transformation of PA-1 human teratocarcinoma cells . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 11 . 7 . 3573–3583 . July 1991 . 1675427 . 361102 . 10.1128/mcb.11.7.3573 .
• McAlpine PJ, Shows TB . Nomenclature for human homeobox genes . Genomics . 7 . 3 . 460 . July 1990 . 1973146 . 10.1016/0888-7543(90)90186-X .
• Peverali FA, D'Esposito M, Acampora D, Bunone G, Negri M, Faiella A, Stornaiuolo A, Pannese M, Migliaccio E, Simeone A . Expression of HOX homeogenes in human neuroblastoma cell culture lines . Differentiation; Research in Biological Diversity . 45 . 1 . 61–69 . October 1990 . 1981366 . 10.1111/j.1432-0436.1990.tb00458.x .
• Ferguson-Smith AC, Fienberg A, Ruddle FH . Isolation, chromosomal localization, and nucleotide sequence of the human HOX 1.4 homeobox . Genomics . 5 . 2 . 250–258 . August 1989 . 2571574 . 10.1016/0888-7543(89)90054-2 .
• Boncinelli E, Acampora D, Pannese M, D'Esposito M, Somma R, Gaudino G, Stornaiuolo A, Cafiero M, Faiella A, Simeone A . Organization of human class I homeobox genes . Genome . 31 . 2 . 745–756 . 1990 . 2576652 . 10.1139/g89-133 .
• Verlinsky Y, Morozov G, Gindilis V, Strom CM, Freidin M, Rechitsky S, Verlinsky O, Ivakhnenko V, Zdanovsky V, Kuliev A . Homeobox gene expression in human oocytes and preembryos . Molecular Reproduction and Development . 41 . 2 . 127–132 . June 1995 . 7654365 . 10.1002/mrd.1080410202 . 43123886 .
• Apiou F, Flagiello D, Cillo C, Malfoy B, Poupon MF, Dutrillaux B . Fine mapping of human HOX gene clusters . Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics . 73 . 1-2 . 114–115 . 1996 . 8646877 . 10.1159/000134320 .
• Kuliev A, Kukharenko V, Morozov G, Freidine M, Rechitsky S, Verlinsky O, Ivakhnenko V, Gindilis V, Strom C, Verlinsky Y . Expression of homebox-containing genes in human preimplantation development and in embryos with chromosomal aneuploidies . Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics . 13 . 2 . 177–181 . February 1996 . 8688592 . 10.1007/BF02072541 . 28126784 .
• Duluc I, Lorentz O, Fritsch C, Leberquier C, Kedinger M, Freund JN . Changing intestinal connective tissue interactions alters homeobox gene expression in epithelial cells . Journal of Cell Science . 110 . 11 . 1317–1324 . June 1997 . 9202392 . 10.1242/jcs.110.11.1317 .
• Stelnicki EJ, Kömüves LG, Kwong AO, Holmes D, Klein P, Rozenfeld S, Lawrence HJ, Adzick NS, Harrison M, Largman C . HOX homeobox genes exhibit spatial and temporal changes in expression during human skin development . The Journal of Investigative Dermatology . 110 . 2 . 110–115 . February 1998 . 9457903 . 10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00092.x . free .
• Verlinsky Y, Morozov G, Verlinsky O, Koukharenko V, Rechitsky S, Goltsman E, Ivakhnenko V, Gindilis V, Strom CM, Kuliev A . Isolation of cDNA libraries from individual human preimplantation embryos . Molecular Human Reproduction . 4 . 6 . 571–575 . June 1998 . 9665340 . 10.1093/molehr/4.6.571 . free .
• ((Sanger Centre)), ((Washington University Genome Sequencing Center)) . Toward a complete human genome sequence . Genome Research . 8 . 11 . 1097–1108 . November 1998 . 9847074 . 10.1101/gr.8.11.1097 . free .
• Kosaki K, Kosaki R, Suzuki T, Yoshihashi H, Takahashi T, Sasaki K, Tomita M, McGinnis W, Matsuo N . Complete mutation analysis panel of the 39 human HOX genes . Teratology . 65 . 2 . 50–62 . February 2002 . 11857506 . 10.1002/tera.10009 .
• Larramendy ML, Niini T, Elonen E, Nagy B, Ollila J, Vihinen M, Knuutila S . Overexpression of translocation-associated fusion genes of FGFRI, MYC, NPMI, and DEK, but absence of the translocations in acute myeloid leukemia. A microarray analysis . Haematologica . 87 . 6 . 569–577 . June 2002 . 12031912 .
• Méchine-Neuville A, Lefebvre O, Bellocq JP, Kedinger M, Simon-Assmann P . [Increased expression of HOXA9 gene in Hirschsprung disease] . Gastroenterologie Clinique Et Biologique . 26 . 12 . 1110–1117 . December 2002 . 12520199 .
• Strathdee G, Sim A, Parker A, Oscier D, Brown R . Promoter hypermethylation silences expression of the HoxA4 gene and correlates with IgVh mutational status in CLL . Leukemia . 20 . 7 . 1326–1329 . July 2006 . 16688227 . 10.1038/sj.leu.2404254 . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: HOXA4 homeobox A4.
2. McAlpine PJ, Shows TB . Nomenclature for human homeobox genes . Genomics . 7 . 3 . 460 . July 1990 . 1973146 . 10.1016/0888-7543(90)90186-X .
3. Scott MP . Vertebrate homeobox gene nomenclature . Cell . 71 . 4 . 551–553 . November 1992 . 1358459 . 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90588-4 . 13370372 .