HMS Shark (54S) explained

HMS Shark was a second-batch S-class submarine built during the 1930s for the Royal Navy. Completed in 1934, the boat fought in the Second World War. Shark is one of twelve boats named in the song "Twelve Little S-Boats".

Design and description

The second batch of S-class submarines were designed as slightly improved and enlarged versions of the earlier boats of the class and were intended to operate in the North and Baltic Seas.[1] The submarines had a length of 208feet overall, a beam of 24feet and a mean draught of 11feet. They displaced 768LT on the surface and 960LT submerged.[2] The S-class submarines had a crew of 40 officers and ratings. They had a diving depth of 300feet.[3]

For surface running, the boats were powered by two 7750NaN0 diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft. When submerged each propeller was driven by a 650hp electric motor. They could reach 13.75kn on the surface and underwater.[4] On the surface, the second-batch boats had a range of 6000nmi at and 64nmi at submerged.[3]

The S-class boats were armed with six 21adj=onNaNadj=on torpedo tubes in the bow. They carried six reload torpedoes for a total of a dozen torpedoes. They were also armed with a 3-inch (76 mm) deck gun.[2]

Construction and career

Ordered on 12 June 1933, Shark was laid down on 15 June 1933 at HM Dockyard, Chatham and was launched on 31 May 1934. The boat was completed on 31 December 1934.[5]

The submarine was attacked by German aircraft while surfacing on patrol off the coast of Norway near Skudenes on 5 July 1940. While trying to fight off the aircraft, the submarine succeeded in shooting down a Dornier Do 17.[6] Due to the damage the submarine had suffered and likely further attack from the enemy aircraft overhead it was decided to surrender the submarine. The next day at about 04:00 the German minesweeping trawlers M-1803, M-1806 and M-1807 arrived at the scene and took the crew on board.[7] Shark was taken under tow but the crew had scuttled her prior to leaving. Amidst much cheering from the captured British sailors, the German trawler crews were forced to cut the hawsers before Shark sank and took the towing vessels with her. Shark sank stern first about 25nmi west-south-west of Egersund, Norway.

Crew

The boat's captain, Lieutenant Commander Peter Buckley, was involved in planning a number of escape attempts from his prisoner of war camp.[8]

ERA W. E. "Wally" Hammond made a number of escape attempts before being held in Oflag IV-C – Colditz. With ERA Don "Tubby" Lister (from the captured submarine) he made a successful escape by campaigning for a transfer from Colditz, arguing that he was not an officer. He was transferred to Lamsdorf prison, escaped from a Breslau work party, and reached England via Switzerland in 1943.[9] [10] [11]

References

External links

58.3°N 18°W

Notes and References

  1. Harrison, Chapter 16
  2. Chesneau, p. 49
  3. McCartney, p. 6
  4. Bagnasco, p. 110
  5. Akermann, p. 334
  6. Book: Kemp, Paul . The Admiralty Regrets: British Warship Losses of the 20th Century . 1999 . Sutton Publishing Ltd . 0-7509-1567-6 . 123.
  7. Web site: Submarine losses 1904 to present day . https://web.archive.org/web/20041215050107/http://www.rnsubmus.co.uk/general/losses.htm#shark . Royal Navy Submarine Museum . 15 December 2004.
  8. Book: Preston, Antony . The Royal Navy Submarine Service: A Centennial History . Antony Preston (naval historian) . 2001 . Conway Maritime Press . 0-85177-891-7 . 115.
  9. Reid, Patrick Robert (1953). The Latter Days at Colditz. London: Hodder and Stoughton
  10. Web site: Sea Your History . Photo of Hammond and Lister in Switzerland . Royal Naval Museum . 2 January 2023. Photograph showing W.E. Hammond and D. Lister in Switzerland after escaping from their prisoner of war camp at Lamsdorf. Armed with forged identity papers, money and civilian clothing, Hammond and Lister volunteered to wash up the Sunday soup cauldrons in the wash house and slipped out of the camp through a nearby garden. They travelled by train to join the Colditz escape route at Dresden, showing German cigarettes as they passed through the police checks. Going via Nuremburg [sic] they continued to Ulm, accepting a drink from a German soldier along the way. Finally they ended up in Switzerland where they later held a great Christmas party with other escapers. .
  11. Book: Chancellor, Henry. Henry Chancellor (filmmaker)

    . Henry Chancellor (filmmaker). Colditz: The Definitive History. 2001. Hodder & Stoughton. London. In September 1942, Chief Petty Officers Wally Lister and Tubby Hammond arrived in Colditz with the Royal Navy contingent. They had been promoted to the rank of officer so that they might stay with their friends, but technically they were in the wrong camp, and after a month they applied to be transferred to the troop camp at Lamsdorf, where they joined work gangs in the local fields and factories: escaping was easy, and after a series of adventures, they crossed the Swiss frontier on 19 December. . 210. 978-0-340-79494-4.