HMS Rowena (1916) explained
HMS Rowena was an
destroyer which served with the
Royal Navy during
World War I. Launched on 1 July 1916, the ship operated as part of the
Grand Fleet as part of a destroyer flotilla hunting for German vessels that were attacking convoys in the
North Sea. Although there were many reported sightings, no submarines were sunk. After the conflict, the vessel was transferred to the Navy’s establishment at
Portland to help in the development of
anti-submarine warfare, which ultimately helped in the
Battle of the Atlantic.
Rowena did not, however, see the fruit of this labour. After twenty years of service, the destroyer was retired and sold to be broken up on 27 January 1937.
Design and development
See main article: R-class destroyer. Rowena was the second destroyer ordered by the British Admiralty in July 1915 as part of the Sixth War Construction Programme. A development of the preceding, the design differed primarily in utilising geared turbines to improve fuel consumption.
The destroyer was 265feet long between perpendiculars, with a beam of 26inchesft9inchesin (ftin) and a draught of 9feet. Displacement was 975LT normal and 1173LT deep load.[1] Power was provided by three Yarrow boilers feeding two Brown-Curtis geared steam turbines rated at 27000shp and driving two shafts, to give a design speed of . Three funnels were fitted. A total of of fuel oil was carried, giving a design range of at .
Armament consisted of three 4abbr=onNaNabbr=on Mk IV QF guns on the ship's centreline, with one on the forecastle, one aft on a raised platform and one between the second and third funnels. A single 2-pounder (40 mm) pom-pom anti-aircraft gun was carried, while torpedo armament consisted of two twin rotating mounts for 21inches torpedoes. The ship had a complement of 82 officers and ratings.
Construction and career
Rowena was laid down by John Brown & Company at Clydebank on the River Clyde on 25 August 1915 and launched on 1 July 1916, leaving the yard on 29 September that year. The destroyer was allocated the yard number 450. The build took 310 days and fitting out 90 days.
On commissioning, Rowena joined the 15th Destroyer Flotilla of the Grand Fleet,[2] and served there until 1919.[3] The Flotilla was involved in supporting the convoys that crossed the North Sea, including running anti-submarine patrols between 15 and 24 June 1917. Although sixty-one sightings of submarines and twelve attacks were reported during that operation, no submarines were sunk. On 24 April 1918 the Flotilla was called to intercept the High Seas Fleet on what was to prove the last major expedition of the war by the German Navy. The ships returned without making contact.
In May 1919, the Rowena sailed from Ostend to the Admiralty Pier in Dover, to repatriate the remains of Edith Cavell - the British nurse executed by the German Army in 1915.[4] [5]
After the war, Rowena was sent to Gibraltar with her sister ship, arriving on 8 May 1920.[6] The vessel joined the Anti-Submarine Flotilla in Portland on 1 July 1926.[7] For the next ten years, Rowena was used to refine anti-submarine weapons and techniques such as ASDIC. ASDIC went on to prove invaluable in the Battle of the Atlantic. On 27 January 1937, the destroyer was given to Thos. W. Ward of Sheffield in exchange for RMS Majestic, and was subsequently broken up at Milford Haven.
Pennant numbers
| Pennant Number | Date |
|---|
| G81 | January 1917 |
| G90 | January 1918 |
| F45 | November 1919 |
| D84 | |
| H85 | |
|
References
Bibliography
- Book: Bush . Steve . Warlow . Ben . Pendant Numbers of the Royal Navy: A Complete History of the Allocation of Pendant Numbers to Royal Navy Warships & Auxiliaries . Barnsley . Seaforth Publishing . 2021 . 978-1-526793-78-2.
- Book: Colledge . J. J. . Warlow . Ben . Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy. Casemate . Havertown . 2010 . 978-1-93514-907-1.
- Book: Dittmar . F.J. . Colledge . J.J. . British Warships 1914–1919 . 1972 . Ian Allan . Shepperton . 978-0-71100-380-4.
- Book: Friedman, Norman . British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the Second World War . 2009 . Seaforth Publishing . Barnsley . 978-1-84832-049-9.
- Book: Friedman, Norman . British Destroyers & Frigates: The Second World War & After . Barnsley . Seaforth Publishing . 2012 . 978-1-84832-015-4.
- Book: Gardiner . Robert . Gray . Randal . Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921 . 1985 . Conway Maritime Press . London . 978-0-85177-245-5 . amp.
- Book: Hackmann, Willem . Seek & Strike: Sonar, Anti-Submarine Warfare and the Royal Navy 1914-54 . London . HMSO . 1984 . 978-0-11290-423-6.
- Book: Johnston, Ian . A Shipyard at War: Unseen Photographs of John Brown & Co. Ltd, Clydebank, 1914-18 . Barnsley . Seaforth Publishing . 2014 . 978-1-84832-216-5 .
- Book: Newbolt, Henry . Henry Newbolt . Naval Operations: Vol. V . History of the Great War . 1931 . Longmans, Green and Co . London .
- Book: Parkes . Oscar . Prendegast . Maurice . Jane's Fighting Ships . Sampson Low, Marston & Co. Ltd . London . 1919.
Notes and References
- Web site: McCaid. John. Rowena 1916 HMS – Destroyer. Clydemarine. 2012. 6 May 2020.
- Destroyer Flotillas of the Grand Fleet. The Navy List. July 1917. 13. National Library of Scotland. 5 May 2020.
- Destroyer Flotillas of the Grand Fleet. The Navy List. January 1919. 12. National Library of Scotland. 5 May 2020.
- 'London's Homage to Nurse Cavell', The Globe, 15 May 1919, page 1
- 'The Martyrdom of Edith Cavell - The Return Home of her Last Remains', The Graphic, 24 May 1919, page 679
- News: Movements of Ships. The Times. 11 May 1920. 21.
- Portland. The Navy List. January 1933. 268.
