HMS Harrier (1894) explained

The sixth HMS Harrier was a . She was launched at Devonport Dockyard on 20 February 1894,[1] and saw service in the Mediterranean and in fishery protection. She served as a minesweeper during World War I and was sold for commercial use in 1920.

Design

Ordered under the Naval Defence Act of 1889, which established the "Two-Power Standard", the class was contemporary with the first torpedo boat destroyers. With a length overall of 262feet,[2] a beam of 30feet[2] and a displacement of 1,070 tons,[2] these torpedo gunboats were not small ships by the standard of the time; they were larger than the majority of World War I destroyers. Harrier was engined by Hawthorn Leslie and Company with two sets of vertical triple-expansion steam engines, two locomotive-type boilers, and twin screws. This layout produced 3500ihp,[2] giving her a speed of 18.2kn.[2] She carried between 100 and 160 tons of coal and was manned by 120 sailors and officers.[2]

Armament

The armament when built comprised two QF 4.7inches guns, four 6-pdr guns and a single 5-barrelled Nordenfelt machine gun. Her primary weapon was five 18-inch (450-mm) torpedo tubes,[3] with two reloads.[2] On conversion to a minesweeper in 1914 two of the five torpedoes were removed.[2]

History

Mediterranean service

Harriers first commission was spent on the Mediterranean Station. She deployed to Crete in February 1897 to operate as part of the International Squadron, a multinational force made up of ships of the Austro-Hungarian Navy, French Navy, Imperial German Navy, Italian Royal Navy (Regia Marina), Imperial Russian Navy, and Royal Navy that intervened in the 1897-1898 Greek uprising on Crete against rule by the Ottoman Empire. On 21 February 1897, she joined the British battleship and torpedo gunboat, the Russian battleship, the Austro-Hungarian armored cruiser, and the German protected cruiser in the International Squadron's first direct offensive action, a brief bombardment of Cretan insurgent positions on the heights east of Canea (now Chania) after the insurgents refused the squadron′s order to take down a Greek flag they had raised.[4] [5]

Lieutenant Commander Philip Walter was appointed in command in July 1897. She left Port Said for Malta on 8 February 1900,[6] arrived at Plymouth on 1 March,[7] and on 24 March 1900 paid off at Devonport,[8] where she was placed in the B division of the Fleet Reserve. Commander Cyril Everard Tower was appointed in command on 11 March 1901, following which she again returned to the Mediterranean Station,[9] and in late November 1901 replaced the Melita as the special service vessel at Constantinople.[10] She visited the Danube in early 1902, and was ordered to the Persian Gulf on special service in June that year.[11] After a brief visit to the Mediterranean in September for combined manoeuvres off Nauplia,[12] she was back in the Gulf visiting Aden and Perim the following month,[13] then Hodeida in December.[14]

Fishery protection and tender to the Navigation School

She spent some time before World War I engaged in fishery protection duties and was for a time a tender to the Navigation School.[8]

Conversion to a minesweeper

At the outbreak of war she was converted at Portsmouth, in common with most of the rest of her class, to the minesweeping role.[8]

Disposal

She was sold to T R Sales at Haulbowline, Cork on 23 February 1920[2] for commercial use.[15]

Bibliography

Notes and References

  1. Web site: RN Gunboats at Battleships-cruisers.co.uk. 2008-05-13.
  2. Winfield (2004), p.306
  3. British "18 inch" torpedoes were 17.72 inches (45.0 cm) in diameter
  4. McTiernan, p. 17.
  5. Web site: McTiernan, Mick, "Spyros Kayales – A different sort of flagpole," mickmctiernan.com, 20 November 2012. . 15 January 2018 . 6 January 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180106235155/http://mickmctiernan.com/history/kayales/ . dead .
  6. Naval & Military intelligence . 8 February 1900 . 10 . 36060.
  7. Naval & Military intelligence. 3 March 1900 . 9 . 36080.
  8. Web site: HMS Harrier at the Index of 19th Century Naval Vessels. 2009-02-23. 22 February 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120222012205/http://www.pbenyon.plus.com/18-1900/H/02154.html. dead.
  9. Naval and Military intelligence . 21 February 1901 . 10 . 36384.
  10. Naval & Military intelligence . 20 November 1901 . 10 . 36617.
  11. Naval & Military intelligence . 7 June 1902 . 9 . 36788.
  12. Naval & Military intelligence. 11 September 1902 . 8 . 36870.
  13. Naval & Military intelligence . 16 October 1902 . 4 . 36900.
  14. Naval & Military intelligence . 3 December 1902 . 7 . 36941.
  15. Web site: HMS Harrier at BritishEmpire.co.uk. 2009-02-23.