HMGN1 explained

Non-histone chromosomal protein HMG-14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGN1 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

Chromosomal protein HMG14 and its close analog HMG17 (MIM 163910) bind to the inner side of the nucleosomal DNA, potentially altering the interaction between the DNA and the histone octamer. The 2 proteins may be involved in the process that maintains transcribable genes in a unique chromatin conformation.^[4] Their ubiquitous distribution and relative abundance, as well as the high evolutionary conservation of the DNA-binding domain of the HMG14 family of proteins, suggest that they may be involved in an important cellular function.

Interactions

HMGN1 has been shown to interact with YWHAZ.^[5]

See also

• HMGN2
• High mobility group protein HMG14 and HMG17

Further reading

• Pash J, Popescu N, Matocha M, Rapoport S, Bustin M . Chromosomal protein HMG-14 gene maps to the Down syndrome region of human chromosome 21 and is overexpressed in mouse trisomy 16 . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 87 . 10 . 3836–40 . May 1990 . 2140193 . 53998 . 10.1073/pnas.87.10.3836 . 1990PNAS...87.3836P . free .
• Leffak M, Trempe JP . Histone H1 and HMG 14/17 are deposited nonrandomly in the nucleus . Nucleic Acids Research . 13 . 13 . 4853–69 . Jul 1985 . 4022776 . 321831 . 10.1093/nar/13.13.4853 .
• Postnikov YV, Trieschmann L, Rickers A, Bustin M . Homodimers of chromosomal proteins HMG-14 and HMG-17 in nucleosome cores . Journal of Molecular Biology . 252 . 4 . 423–32 . Sep 1995 . 7563062 . 10.1006/jmbi.1995.0508 .
• Ding HF, Rimsky S, Batson SC, Bustin M, Hansen U . Stimulation of RNA polymerase II elongation by chromosomal protein HMG-14 . Science . 265 . 5173 . 796–9 . Aug 1994 . 8047885 . 10.1126/science.8047885 . 1994Sci...265..796D .
• Pash JM, Alfonso PJ, Bustin M . Aberrant expression of high mobility group chromosomal protein 14 affects cellular differentiation . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 268 . 18 . 13632–8 . Jun 1993 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)38695-8 . 8514795 . free .
• Bustin M, Alfonso PJ, Pash JM, Ward JM, Gearhart JD, Reeves RH . Characterization of transgenic mice with an increased content of chromosomal protein HMG-14 in their chromatin . DNA and Cell Biology . 14 . 12 . 997–1005 . Dec 1995 . 8534374 . 10.1089/dna.1995.14.997 .
• Hock R, Scheer U, Bustin M . Chromosomal proteins HMG-14 and HMG-17 are released from mitotic chromosomes and imported into the nucleus by active transport . The Journal of Cell Biology . 143 . 6 . 1427–36 . Dec 1998 . 9852141 . 2132996 . 10.1083/jcb.143.6.1427 .
• Louie DF, Gloor KK, Galasinski SC, Resing KA, Ahn NG . Phosphorylation and subcellular redistribution of high mobility group proteins 14 and 17, analyzed by mass spectrometry . Protein Science . 9 . 1 . 170–9 . Jan 2000 . 10739259 . 2144438 . 10.1110/ps.9.1.170 .
• Bergel M, Herrera JE, Thatcher BJ, Prymakowska-Bosak M, Vassilev A, Nakatani Y, Martin B, Bustin M . Acetylation of novel sites in the nucleosomal binding domain of chromosomal protein HMG-14 by p300 alters its interaction with nucleosomes . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 275 . 15 . 11514–20 . Apr 2000 . 10753971 . 10.1074/jbc.275.15.11514 . free .
• Prymakowska-Bosak M, Misteli T, Herrera JE, Shirakawa H, Birger Y, Garfield S, Bustin M . Mitotic phosphorylation prevents the binding of HMGN proteins to chromatin . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 21 . 15 . 5169–78 . Aug 2001 . 11438671 . 87241 . 10.1128/MCB.21.15.5169-5178.2001 .
• Prymakowska-Bosak M, Hock R, Catez F, Lim JH, Birger Y, Shirakawa H, Lee K, Bustin M . Mitotic phosphorylation of chromosomal protein HMGN1 inhibits nuclear import and promotes interaction with 14.3.3 proteins . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 22 . 19 . 6809–19 . Oct 2002 . 12215538 . 134047 . 10.1128/MCB.22.19.6809-6819.2002 .
• Soloaga A, Thomson S, Wiggin GR, Rampersaud N, Dyson MH, Hazzalin CA, Mahadevan LC, Arthur JS . MSK2 and MSK1 mediate the mitogen- and stress-induced phosphorylation of histone H3 and HMG-14 . The EMBO Journal . 22 . 11 . 2788–97 . Jun 2003 . 12773393 . 156769 . 10.1093/emboj/cdg273 .
• Zou Y, Jiang X, Wang Y . Identification of novel in vivo phosphorylation sites in high mobility group N1 protein from the MCF-7 human breast cancer cells . Biochemistry . 43 . 20 . 6322–9 . May 2004 . 15147216 . 10.1021/bi0362828 .
• Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villén J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP . Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 101 . 33 . 12130–5 . Aug 2004 . 15302935 . 514446 . 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 . 2004PNAS..10112130B . free .

Notes and References

1. Landsman D, Srikantha T, Westermann R, Bustin M . Chromosomal protein HMG-14. Complete human cDNA sequence and evidence for a multigene family . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 261 . 34 . 16082–6 . Dec 1986 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)66680-3 . 3782107 . free .
2. Landsman D, McBride OW, Soares N, Crippa MP, Srikantha T, Bustin M . Chromosomal protein HMG-14. Identification, characterization, and chromosome localization of a functional gene from the large human multigene family . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 264 . 6 . 3421–7 . Feb 1989 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)94084-6 . 2563381 . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: HMGN1 high-mobility group nucleosome binding domain 1.
4. Martínez de Paz A, Ausió J . HMGNs: The enhancer charmers . BioEssays . 38 . 3 . 226–31 . 2016 . 26709929 . 10.1002/bies.201500157 . 24768724 . free .
5. Prymakowska-Bosak M, Hock R, Catez F, Lim JH, Birger Y, Shirakawa H, Lee K, Bustin M . Mitotic phosphorylation of chromosomal protein HMGN1 inhibits nuclear import and promotes interaction with 14.3.3 proteins . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 22 . 19 . 6809–19 . Oct 2002 . 12215538 . 134047 . 10.1128/MCB.22.19.6809-6819.2002 .