HLA-DR16 explained

major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR16
Haplotypes groups	DRA*01:DRB1*1601 DRA*01:DRB1*1602
Structure (See HLA-DR)
Identifiers	alpha *0101
Symbol(s)	HLA-DRA
EBI-HLA	DRA*0101
Identifiers	beta 1 *1601 *1602 *1604
Symbol(s)	HLA-DRB1
EBI-HLA	DRB1*1601
EBI-HLA	DRB1*1602
EBI-HLA	DRB1*1604
Shared data
Locus	chr.6 6p21.31

HLA-DR16(DR16) is a HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*1601, *1602 and *1604 gene products. DR16 is found in the Mediterranean at modest frequencies. DR16 is part of the older HLA-DR2 serotype group which also contains the similar HLA-DR15 antigens.

Alleles

DR16, DR2 and other serotype recognition of some DRB1*16 alleles^[1]

DRB1*	DR16	DR2	DR15	Sample
allele	%	%	%	size (N)
1601	41	29	19	703
1602	47	30	16	239
1604	>50			1

Disease associations

DR16 is associated with Chaga's cardiomyopathy,^[2] rheumatic heart disease,^[3] coronary artery ectasia,^[4] and chronic discoid lupus erythematosus.^[5]

DRB1*1601 is associated with tuberculosis risk^[6]

DRB1*1602: Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis,^[7] rheumatic heart disease,^[3] Takayasu arteritis,^[8] systemic sclerosis (SSc) & anti-DNA topoisomerase I (anti-topo I) antibody,^{[9] [10]} melioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei infection)^[11]

Extended linkage

DRB1*1601:DQA1*0102:DQB1*0502 haplotype is associated with tubeculousis risk ^[6]

• • *1602:DQA1*0102:DQB1*0502 haplotype: graves disease,^{[12] [13]} cervical cancer (human papilloma virus infection),^[14] scleroderma^[10]
  • *1602:DQA1*05:DQB1*0301 haplotype: rheumatic heart disease,^[3] systemic sclerosis^[15]

Genetic Linkage

DR16 Haplotypes
Serotypes	DRA	DRB1	DRB5
DR16(2)-DR51	0101	1601	0101
	0101	1602	0101
	0101	1604	0101
	DQA1	DQB1	DRB1
DR16(2)-DQ5 (5.2, 1)	0102	0502	1601
	HLA-A	HLA-B	DRB1
A2-B51(5)-DR16(2)	0201	5101	1601

HLA-DR16 is genetically linked to HLA-DR51 and HLA-DQ5 serotypes.

Notes and References

1. http://www.ebi.ac.uk/imgt/hla/allele.html derived from IMGT/HLA
2. Cruz-Robles D, Reyes P, Monteón-Padilla V, Ortiz-Muñiz A, Vargas-Alarcón G . MHC class I and class II genes in Mexican patients with Chagas disease. . Hum Immunol . 65 . 1 . 60–5 . 2004 . 14700597 . 10.1016/j.humimm.2003.10.008.
3. Hernández-Pacheco G, Aguilar-García J, Flores-Domínguez C, Rodríguez-Pérez J, Pérez-Hernández N, Alvarez-Leon E, Reyes P, Vargas-Alarcón G . MHC class II alleles in Mexican patients with rheumatic heart disease. . Int J Cardiol . 92 . 1 . 49–54 . 2003 . 14602216 . 10.1016/S0167-5273(03)00040-8.
4. Akdemir R, Ozhan H, Gunduz H, Erbilen E, Yazici M, Duran S, Orkunoglu F, Albayrak S, Imirzalioglu N, Uyan C . HLA-DR B1 and DQ B1 polymorphisms in patients with coronary artery ectasia. . Acta Cardiol . 59 . 5 . 499–502 . 2004 . 15529553 . 10.2143/AC.59.5.2005222. 25040717 .
5. López-Tello A, Rodríguez-Carreón AA, Jurado F, etal . Association of HLA-DRB1*16 with chronic discoid lupus erythematosus in Mexican mestizo patients . Clin. Exp. Dermatol. . 32 . 4 . 435–8 . 2007 . 17376212 . 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2007.02391.x. 19569740 .
6. Dubaniewicz A, Moszkowska G, Szczerkowska Z . Frequency of DRB1-DQB1 two-locus haplotypes in tuberculosis: preliminary report. . Tuberculosis (Edinb) . 85 . 4 . 259–67 . 2005 . 15958261 . 10.1016/j.tube.2004.12.003.
7. Garavito G, Yunis E, Egea E, Ramirez L, Malagón C, Iglesias A, De La Cruz O, Uribe O, Navarro E, Martinez P, Jaraquemada D . HLA-DRB1 alleles and HLA-DRB1 shared epitopes are markers for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis subgroups in Colombian mestizos. . Hum Immunol . 65 . 4 . 359–65 . 2004 . 15120191 . 10.1016/j.humimm.2004.01.016.
8. Salazar M, Varela A, Ramirez L, Uribe O, Vasquez G, Egea E, Yunis E, Iglesias-Gamarra A . Association of HLA-DRB1*1602 and DRB1*1001 with in Colombian mestizos as markers of Amerindian ancestry. . Int J Cardiol . 75 . S113–6 . 2000. Suppl 1 . 10.1016/s0167-5273(00)00181-9 . 10980348.
9. Kuwana M, Kaburaki J, Arnett F, Howard R, Medsger T, Wright T . Influence of ethnic background on clinical and serologic features in patients with systemic sclerosis and anti-DNA topoisomerase I antibody. . Arthritis Rheum . 42 . 3 . 465–74 . 1999 . 10088769 . 10.1002/1529-0131(199904)42:3<465::AID-ANR11>3.0.CO;2-Y. free .
10. Tan F, Stivers D, Arnett F, Chakraborty R, Howard R, Reveille J . HLA haplotypes and microsatellite polymorphisms in and around the major histocompatibility complex region in a Native American population with a high prevalence of scleroderma (systemic sclerosis). . Tissue Antigens . 53 . 1 . 74–80 . 1999 . 10082433 . 10.1034/j.1399-0039.1999.530108.x. free .
11. Dharakul T, Vejbaesya S, Chaowagul W, Luangtrakool P, Stephens H, Songsivilai S . HLA-DR and -DQ associations with melioidosis. . Hum Immunol . 59 . 9 . 580–6 . 1998 . 9757914 . 10.1016/S0198-8859(98)00052-4.
12. Wongsurawat T, Nakkuntod J, Charoenwongse P, Snabboon T, Sridama V, Hirankarn N . The association between HLA class II haplotype with Graves' disease in Thai population. . Tissue Antigens . 67 . 1 . 79–83 . 2006 . 16451208 . 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2005.00498.x.
13. Park M, Park Y, Song E, Park H, Kim T, Park D, Park K, Cho B . Association of HLA-DR and -DQ genes with Graves disease in Koreans. . Hum Immunol . 66 . 6 . 741–7 . 2005 . 15993720 . 10.1016/j.humimm.2005.03.001.
14. Cervantes J, Lema C, Valentina Hurtado L, Andrade R, Hurtado Gomez L, Torrico L, Zegarra L, Quiroga G, Asturizaga D, Dulon A, Prada R, Panoso W, Yashiki S, Fujiyoshi T, Sonoda S . HLA-DRB1*1602 allele is positively associated with HPV cervical infection in Bolivian Andean women. . Hum Immunol . 64 . 9 . 890–5 . 2003 . 12941545 . 10.1016/S0198-8859(03)00163-0.
15. Arnett F, Howard R, Tan F, Moulds J, Bias W, Durban E, Cameron H, Paxton G, Hodge T, Weathers P, Reveille J . Increased prevalence of systemic sclerosis in a Native American tribe in Oklahoma. Association with an Amerindian HLA haplotype. . Arthritis Rheum . 39 . 8 . 1362–70 . 1996 . 8702445 . 10.1002/art.1780390814.