HIST1H2BE explained

Histone H2B type 1-C/E/F/G/I is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HIST1H2BE gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes.

The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H2B family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome 6.

Further reading

• Ohe Y, Hayashi H, Iwai K . Human spleen histone H2B. Isolation and amino acid sequence . J. Biochem. . 85 . 2 . 615–24 . 1979 . 422550 . 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a132371.
• Dobner T, Wolf I, Mai B, Lipp M . A novel divergently transcribed human histone H2A/H2B gene pair . DNA Seq. . 1 . 6 . 409–13 . 1992 . 1768865 . 10.3109/10425179109020799 .
• Albig W, Doenecke D . The human histone gene cluster at the D6S105 locus . Hum. Genet. . 101 . 3 . 284–94 . 1998 . 9439656 . 10.1007/s004390050630 . 38539096 .
• El Kharroubi A, Piras G, Zensen R, Martin MA . Transcriptional activation of the integrated chromatin-associated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 promoter . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 18 . 5 . 2535–44 . 1998 . 9566873 . 10.1128/mcb.18.5.2535. 110633 .
• Deng L, de la Fuente C, Fu P, etal . Acetylation of HIV-1 Tat by CBP/P300 increases transcription of integrated HIV-1 genome and enhances binding to core histones . Virology . 277 . 2 . 278–95 . 2001 . 11080476 . 10.1006/viro.2000.0593 . free .
• Deng L, Wang D, de la Fuente C, etal . Enhancement of the p300 HAT activity by HIV-1 Tat on chromatin DNA . Virology . 289 . 2 . 312–26 . 2001 . 11689053 . 10.1006/viro.2001.1129 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Cheung WL, Ajiro K, Samejima K, etal . Apoptotic phosphorylation of histone H2B is mediated by mammalian sterile twenty kinase . Cell . 113 . 4 . 507–17 . 2003 . 12757711 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00355-6 . 21854 . free .
• Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, etal . The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6 . Nature . 425 . 6960 . 805–11 . 2003 . 14574404 . 10.1038/nature02055 . 2003Natur.425..805M . free .
• Lusic M, Marcello A, Cereseto A, Giacca M . Regulation of HIV-1 gene expression by histone acetylation and factor recruitment at the LTR promoter . EMBO J. . 22 . 24 . 6550–61 . 2004 . 14657027 . 10.1093/emboj/cdg631 . 291826 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Golebiowski F, Kasprzak KS . Inhibition of core histones acetylation by carcinogenic nickel(II) . Mol. Cell. Biochem. . 279 . 1–2 . 133–9 . 2007 . 16283522 . 10.1007/s11010-005-8285-1 . 25071586 .
• Zhu B, Zheng Y, Pham AD, etal . Monoubiquitination of human histone H2B: the factors involved and their roles in HOX gene regulation . Mol. Cell . 20 . 4 . 601–11 . 2006 . 16307923 . 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.09.025 . free .
• Bonenfant D, Coulot M, Towbin H, etal . Characterization of histone H2A and H2B variants and their post-translational modifications by mass spectrometry . Mol. Cell. Proteomics . 5 . 3 . 541–52 . 2006 . 16319397 . 10.1074/mcp.M500288-MCP200 . free .
• Beck HC, Nielsen EC, Matthiesen R, etal . Quantitative proteomic analysis of post-translational modifications of human histones . Mol. Cell. Proteomics . 5 . 7 . 1314–25 . 2006 . 16627869 . 10.1074/mcp.M600007-MCP200 . free .
• Pavri R, Zhu B, Li G, etal . Histone H2B monoubiquitination functions cooperatively with FACT to regulate elongation by RNA polymerase II . Cell . 125 . 4 . 703–17 . 2006 . 16713563 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.04.029 . 2614680 . free .
• Kim SC, Sprung R, Chen Y, etal . Substrate and functional diversity of lysine acetylation revealed by a proteomics survey . Mol. Cell . 23 . 4 . 607–18 . 2006 . 16916647 . 10.1016/j.molcel.2006.06.026 . free .

Notes and References

1. Albig W, Kioschis P, Poustka A, Meergans K, Doenecke D . Human histone gene organization: nonregular arrangement within a large cluster . Genomics . 40 . 2 . 314–22 . Apr 1997 . 9119399 . 10.1006/geno.1996.4592 .
2. Marzluff WF, Gongidi P, Woods KR, Jin J, Maltais LJ . The human and mouse replication-dependent histone genes . Genomics . 80 . 5 . 487–98 . Oct 2002 . 12408966 . 10.1016/S0888-7543(02)96850-3 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: HIST1H2BE histone cluster 1, H2be.