Trumpler 14 Explained

Trumpler 14
Epoch:J2000
Constellation:Carina
Ra:[1]
Dist Ly:2753pc
Appmag V:5.5
Age:– years
Notes:One of the youngest known star clusters
Names:,,,,,

Trumpler 14 (Tr 14) is an open cluster with a diameter of 6ly, located within the inner regions of the Carina Nebula, approximately 2753pc from Earth.[2] Together with the nearby Trumpler 16, they are the main clusters of the Carina OB1 stellar association, which is the largest association in the Carina Nebula, although Trumpler 14 is not as massive or as large as Trumpler 16.[3]

About stars have been identified in Trumpler 14[4] and the total mass of the cluster is estimated to be 4,300 .[5]

Age

It is one of the youngest known star clusters, estimates range from 300 to 500 thousand years old. For comparison, the massive super star cluster R136 is about 1 to 2 million years old,[6] and the famous Pleiades is about 115 million years old.[7]

Members

Due to its location within the inner parts of the Carina Nebula, Trumpler 14 is currently undergoing massive star formation. As a result, the star cluster exhibits many stars of late O to early A spectral type, which are very massive (at least 10 solar masses), short-lived and hot . The brightest member is HD 93129, a triple system consisting of three individual class O stars.[8] It also contains HD 93128, an O3.5 V((fc))z star, an extremely hot and young main sequence star.[9]

Prominent stars!Star name!MJ number!Effective temperature!Absolute magnitude!Bolometric magnitude!Mass !Spectral type!Ref.
HD 9312917742500+44000+44000−6.5 + −4.9−7.5110+70+52O2If+O3.5V+O3.5V((f))z[10] [11] [12]
HD 9312815751300−5.4−1075O3.5V((fc))z[13]
HD 9316022942700−5.9−9.962O6III
HD 30331135146100−5−9.251O5V
CPD-58 261111543600−4.6−8.639O6V
HD 30552440439800−5−8.837
CPD-58 262019242400−4.3−8.335O6.5V
16538500−4.8−8.534O8V
HD 3055163643600−4−8.133
HD 30553259340800−4.3−8.233
CPD-59 261044942300−4−7.931
CPD-58 262720339800−4.1−7.929

Future

In a few million years, as its stars die, it will trigger the formation of metal-rich stars, and in a few hundred million years Trumpler 14 will probably dissipate.[14]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Trumpler 14 . 2 December 2016.
  2. W.S. Dias . B.S. Alessi . A. Moitinho . J.R.D. Lépine . amp . New catalogue of optically visible open clusters and candidates . Astronomy & Astrophysics . 2002 . 389 . 3 . 871–873 . 2002A&A...389..871D . 10.1051/0004-6361:20020668 . astro-ph/0203351. 18502004 .
  3. Book: Eta Carinae and the Supernova Impostors . 384 . Astrophysics and Space Science Library, Volume 384 . . Kris . Davidson . Roberta M. . Humphreys . 23 January 2012 . 978-1-4614-2274-7 . 10.1007/978-1-4614-2275-4 . 2012ASSL..384.....D. Davidson . Kris . Humphreys . Roberta M. .
  4. Web site: ScienceDaily . 2009-12-04 . Young star cluster Trumpler 14 revealed in stunning image . 2014-10-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140831160840/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091203101426.htm . 31 August 2014 . live.
  5. 4 . H. Sana . Y. Momany . M. Gieles . G. Carraro . Y. Beletsky . V. D. Ivanov . G. De Silva . G. James . A MAD view of Trumpler 14 . Astronomy & Astrophysics . 2010 . 515 . A26 . 10.1051/0004-6361/200913688 . 1003.2208 . 2010A&A...515A..26S. 119294869 .
  6. Crowther, Schnurr . Hirschi, Yusof . Parker, Goodwin . Kassim . The R136 star cluster hosts several stars whose individual masses greatly exceed the accepted 150 M⊙ stellar mass limit . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 408 . 2 . 731 . 2010 . 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17167.x . free . 1007.3284 . 2010MNRAS.408..731C. 53001712 .
  7. Basri . Gibor . Marcy . Geoffrey W. . Graham . James R. . Lithium in Brown Dwarf Candidates: The Mass and Age of the Faintest Pleiades Stars . 1996 . . 458 . 600–609 . 10.1086/176842 . 1996ApJ...458..600B .
  8. Book: Kaler, James D. . 2002 . The Hundred Greatest Stars . . Copernicus Books . 50 . 978-0-387-95436-3 . 2014-10-01.
  9. 2006MNRAS.367..763S . A census of the Carina Nebula – I. Cumulative energy input from massive stars . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 367 . 2 . 763–772 . Smith . Nathan . 2006 . 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10007.x. free . astro-ph/0601060 . 14060690 .
  10. 2004A&A...415..349R. Stellar and wind parameters of Galactic O-stars. The influence of line-blocking/blanketing. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 415. 349–376. Repolust. T.. Puls. J.. Herrero. A.. 2004. 10.1051/0004-6361:20034594. free.
  11. 2004AJ....128..323N. Resolving OB Systems in the Carina Nebula with the Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensor. The Astronomical Journal. 128. 323–329. Nelan. Edmund P.. Walborn. Nolan R.. Wallace. Debra J.. Moffat. Anthony F. J.. Makidon. Russell B.. Gies. Douglas R.. Panagia. Nino. 2004. 1. 10.1086/420716. 121115585 . free.
  12. Cohen . D. H. . Gagné . M. . Leutenegger . M. A. . MacArthur . J. P. . Wollman . E. E. . Sundqvist . J. O. . Fullerton . A. W. . Owocki . S. P. . 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18952.x . Chandra X-ray spectroscopy of the very early O supergiant HD 93129A: Constraints on wind shocks and the mass-loss rate . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 415 . 4 . 3354–3364 . 2011 . free . 1104.4786 . 2011MNRAS.415.3354C . 8258609 .
  13. Massey, P.. Degioia-Eastwood, K.. Kathy Eastwood. Waterhouse, E.. 2001. The Progenitor Masses of Wolf-Rayet Stars and Luminous Blue Variables Determined from Cluster Turnoffs. II. Results from 12 Galactic Clusters and OB Associations. The Astronomical Journal. 121. 2. 1050–1070. astro-ph/0010654. 2001AJ....121.1050M. 10.1086/318769. 53345173 .
  14. de La Fuente . Dynamical Evolution of Open Star Clusters . Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific . 1998 . 110 . 751 . 1117 . 1998PASP..110.1117D . 10.1086/316220. free .

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