HIST1H3B explained

Histone H3.1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the H3C2 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. This structure consists of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a nucleosome, an octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H3 family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails; instead, they contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome 6p22-p21.3.^[4]

Further reading

• Albig W . Isolation and characterization of two human H1 histone genes within clusters of core histone genes . Genomics . 10 . 4 . 940–8 . 1991 . 1916825 . 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90183-F . Kardalinou E . Drabent B . Zimmer . Andreas . Doenecke . Detlef .
• Marashi F . Enhancer-facilitated expression of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes using human histone gene 5' regulatory sequences . Biochem. Cell Biol. . 64 . 4 . 277–89 . 1986 . 3013246 . 10.1139/o86-039 . Helms S . Shiels A . Silverstein . Saul . Greenspan . Daniel S. . Stein . Gary . Stein . Janet .
• Ohe Y, Iwai K . Human spleen histone H3. Isolation and amino acid sequence . J. Biochem. . 90 . 4 . 1205–11 . 1982 . 7309716 . 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a133573.
• Kardalinou E, Eick S, Albig W, Doenecke D . Association of a human H1 histone gene with an H2A pseudogene and genes encoding H2B.1 and H3.1 histones . J. Cell. Biochem. . 52 . 4 . 375–83 . 1993 . 8227173 . 10.1002/jcb.240520402 . 42454232 .
• Albig W, Meergans T, Doenecke D . Characterization of the H1.5 gene completes the set of human H1 subtype genes . Gene . 184 . 2 . 141–8 . 1997 . 9031620 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(96)00582-3 .
• Albig W, Doenecke D . The human histone gene cluster at the D6S105 locus . Hum. Genet. . 101 . 3 . 284–94 . 1998 . 9439656 . 10.1007/s004390050630 . 38539096 .
• El Kharroubi A, Piras G, Zensen R, Martin MA . Transcriptional Activation of the Integrated Chromatin-Associated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Promoter . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 18 . 5 . 2535–44 . 1998 . 9566873 . 10.1128/mcb.18.5.2535. 110633 .
• Goto H . Identification of a novel phosphorylation site on histone H3 coupled with mitotic chromosome condensation . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 36 . 25543–25549 . 1999 . 10464286 . 10.1074/jbc.274.36.25543 . Tomono Y . Ajiro K . Kosako . H . Fujita . M . Sakurai . M . Okawa . K . Iwamatsu . A . Okigaki . T . free .
• Hsu JY . Mitotic phosphorylation of histone H3 is governed by Ipl1/aurora kinase and Glc7/PP1 phosphatase in budding yeast and nematodes . Cell . 102 . 3 . 279–91 . 2000 . 10975519 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00034-9 . Sun ZW . Li X . Reuben . Melanie . Tatchell . Kelly . Bishop . Douglas K . Grushcow . Jeremy M . Brame . Cynthia J . Caldwell . Jennifer A . 16057773 . free .
• Deng L . Acetylation of HIV-1 Tat by CBP/P300 increases transcription of integrated HIV-1 genome and enhances binding to core histones . Virology . 277 . 2 . 278–295 . 2001 . 11080476 . 10.1006/viro.2000.0593 . de la Fuente C . Fu P . Wang . L . Donnelly . R . Wade . JD . Lambert . P . Li . H . Lee . CG . 20145752 . free .
• Lachner M . Methylation of histone H3 lysine 9 creates a binding site for HP1 proteins . Nature . 410 . 6824 . 116–20 . 2001 . 11242053 . 10.1038/35065132 . O'Carroll D . Rea S . Mechtler . Karl . Jenuwein . Thomas . 2001Natur.410..116L . 4331863 .
• Deng L . Enhancement of the p300 HAT activity by HIV-1 Tat on chromatin DNA . Virology . 289 . 2 . 312–26 . 2001 . 11689053 . 10.1006/viro.2001.1129 . Wang D . de la Fuente C . Wang . L . Li . H . Lee . CG . Donnelly . R . Wade . JD . Lambert . P . free .
• Yang L . Molecular cloning of ESET, a novel histone H3-specific methyltransferase that interacts with ERG transcription factor . Oncogene . 21 . 1 . 148–52 . 2002 . 11791185 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1204998 . Xia L . Wu DY . Wang . Hengbin . Chansky . Howard A . Schubach . William H . Hickstein . Dennis D . Zhang . Yi . 10912876 .
• Goto H, Yasui Y, Nigg EA, Inagaki M . Aurora-B phosphorylates Histone H3 at serine28 with regard to the mitotic chromosome condensation . Genes Cells . 7 . 1 . 11–7 . 2002 . 11856369 . 10.1046/j.1356-9597.2001.00498.x . 23717416 .
• Strausberg RL . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . Feingold EA . Grouse LH . Derge . JG . Klausner . RD . Collins . FS . Wagner . L . Shenmen . CM . Schuler . GD . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Preuss U, Landsberg G, Scheidtmann KH . Novel mitosis-specific phosphorylation of histone H3 at Thr11 mediated by Dlk/ZIP kinase . Nucleic Acids Res. . 31 . 3 . 878–85 . 2003 . 12560483 . 10.1093/nar/gkg176 . 149197 .
• Mungall AJ . The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6 . Nature . 425 . 6960 . 805–811 . 2003 . 14574404 . 10.1038/nature02055 . Palmer SA . Sims SK . Edwards . C. A. . Ashurst . J. L. . Wilming . L. . Jones . M. C. . Horton . R. . Hunt . S. E. . 2003Natur.425..805M . free .

Notes and References

1. Zhong R, Roeder RG, Heintz N . The primary structure and expression of four cloned human histone genes . Nucleic Acids Res . 11 . 21 . 7409–25 . Jan 1984 . 6647026 . 326492 . 10.1093/nar/11.21.7409 .
2. Albig W, Kioschis P, Poustka A, Meergans K, Doenecke D . Human histone gene organization: nonregular arrangement within a large cluster . Genomics . 40 . 2 . 314–22 . Apr 1997 . 9119399 . 10.1006/geno.1996.4592 .
3. Marzluff WF, Gongidi P, Woods KR, Jin J, Maltais LJ . The human and mouse replication-dependent histone genes . Genomics . 80 . 5 . 487–98 . Oct 2002 . 12408966 . 10.1016/S0888-7543(02)96850-3 .
4. Web site: Entrez Gene: HIST1H3B histone cluster 1, H3b.