HIST1H2AE explained

Histone H2A type 1-B/E is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HIST1H2AE gene.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Nucleosomes consist of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4).

The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H2A family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails; instead, they contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome 6p22-p21.3.

Further reading

• Rodriguez P . Functional characterization of human nucleosome assembly protein-2 (NAP1L4) suggests a role as a histone chaperone . Genomics . 44 . 3 . 253–65 . 1997 . 9325046 . 10.1006/geno.1997.4868 . vanc. Munroe D . Prawitt D . 3 . Chu . LL . Bric . E . Kim . J . Reid . LH . Davies . C . Nakagama . H .
• Albig W, Doenecke D . The human histone gene cluster at the D6S105 locus . Hum. Genet. . 101 . 3 . 284–94 . 1998 . 9439656 . 10.1007/s004390050630 . 38539096 .
• El Kharroubi A, Piras G, Zensen R, Martin MA . Transcriptional Activation of the Integrated Chromatin-Associated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Promoter . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 18 . 5 . 2535–44 . 1998 . 9566873 . 10.1128/mcb.18.5.2535. 110633 .
• Deng L . Acetylation of HIV-1 Tat by CBP/P300 increases transcription of integrated HIV-1 genome and enhances binding to core histones . Virology . 277 . 2 . 278–95 . 2001 . 11080476 . 10.1006/viro.2000.0593 . vanc. de la Fuente C . Fu P . 3 . Wang . L . Donnelly . R . Wade . JD . Lambert . P . Li . H . Lee . CG . free .
• Deng L . Enhancement of the p300 HAT activity by HIV-1 Tat on chromatin DNA . Virology . 289 . 2 . 312–26 . 2001 . 11689053 . 10.1006/viro.2001.1129 . vanc. Wang D . de la Fuente C . 3 . Wang . L . Li . H . Lee . CG . Donnelly . R . Wade . JD . Lambert . P . free .
• Galasinski SC . Global regulation of post-translational modifications on core histones . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 4 . 2579–88 . 2002 . 11709551 . 10.1074/jbc.M107894200 . vanc. Louie DF . Gloor KK . 3 . Resing . KA . Ahn . NG . free .
• Strausberg RL . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . vanc. Feingold EA . Grouse LH . 3 . Derge . JG . Klausner . RD . Collins . FS . Wagner . L . Shenmen . CM . Schuler . GD . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Mungall AJ . The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6 . Nature . 425 . 6960 . 805–11 . 2003 . 14574404 . 10.1038/nature02055 . vanc. Palmer SA . Sims SK . 3 . Edwards . C. A. . Ashurst . J. L. . Wilming . L. . Jones . M. C. . Horton . R. . Hunt . S. E. . free .
• Lusic M, Marcello A, Cereseto A, Giacca M . Regulation of HIV-1 gene expression by histone acetylation and factor recruitment at the LTR promoter . EMBO J. . 22 . 24 . 6550–61 . 2004 . 14657027 . 10.1093/emboj/cdg631 . 291826 .
• Zhang Y, Griffin K, Mondal N, Parvin JD . Phosphorylation of histone H2A inhibits transcription on chromatin templates . J. Biol. Chem. . 279 . 21 . 21866–72 . 2004 . 15010469 . 10.1074/jbc.M400099200 . free .
• Aihara H . Nucleosomal histone kinase-1 phosphorylates H2A Thr 119 during mitosis in the early Drosophila embryo . Genes Dev. . 18 . 8 . 877–88 . 2004 . 15078818 . 10.1101/gad.1184604 . 395847 . vanc. Nakagawa T . Yasui K . 3 . Ohta . T . Hirose . S . Dhomae . N . Takio . K . Kaneko . M . Takeshima . Y .
• Wang H . Role of histone H2A ubiquitination in Polycomb silencing . Nature . 431 . 7010 . 873–8 . 2004 . 15386022 . 10.1038/nature02985 . vanc. Wang L . Erdjument-Bromage H . 3 . Vidal . Miguel . Tempst . Paul . Jones . Richard S. . Zhang . Yi . 2004Natur.431..873W . 4344378 .
• Gerhard DS . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 . vanc. Wagner L . Feingold EA . 3 . Shenmen . CM . Grouse . LH . Schuler . G . Klein . SL . Old . S . Rasooly . R .
• Hagiwara T, Hidaka Y, Yamada M . Deimination of histone H2A and H4 at arginine 3 in HL-60 granulocytes . Biochemistry . 44 . 15 . 5827–34 . 2005 . 15823041 . 10.1021/bi047505c .
• Bonenfant D . Characterization of histone H2A and H2B variants and their post-translational modifications by mass spectrometry . Mol. Cell. Proteomics . 5 . 3 . 541–52 . 2006 . 16319397 . 10.1074/mcp.M500288-MCP200 . vanc. Coulot M . Towbin H . 3 . Schindler . P . Van Oostrum . J . free .
• Cao R, Tsukada Y, Zhang Y . Role of Bmi-1 and Ring1A in H2A ubiquitylation and Hox gene silencing . Mol. Cell . 20 . 6 . 845–54 . 2006 . 16359901 . 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.12.002 . free .
• Boyne MT, Pesavento JJ, Mizzen CA, Kelleher NL . Precise characterization of human histones in the H2A gene family by top down mass spectrometry . J. Proteome Res. . 5 . 2 . 248–53 . 2006 . 16457589 . 10.1021/pr050269n .

Notes and References

1. Albig W, Kioschis P, Poustka A, Meergans K, Doenecke D . Human histone gene organization: nonregular arrangement within a large cluster . Genomics . 40 . 2 . 314–22 . Apr 1997 . 9119399 . 10.1006/geno.1996.4592 .
2. Albig W, Kardalinou E, Drabent B, Zimmer A, Doenecke D . Isolation and characterization of two human H1 histone genes within clusters of core histone genes . Genomics . 10 . 4 . 940–8 . Nov 1991 . 1916825 . 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90183-F .
3. Marzluff WF, Gongidi P, Woods KR, Jin J, Maltais LJ . The human and mouse replication-dependent histone genes . Genomics . 80 . 5 . 487–98 . Oct 2002 . 12408966 . 10.1016/S0888-7543(02)96850-3 .
4. Web site: Entrez Gene: HIST1H2AE histone cluster 1, H2ae.