HIST1H2AM explained

Histone H2A type 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HIST1H2AM gene.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H2A family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the small histone gene cluster on chromosome 6p22-p21.3.^[4]

Further reading

• Hayashi T, Ohe Y, Hayashi H, Iwai K . Human spleen histone H2A. Isolation and four variant sequences. . J. Biochem. . 88 . 1 . 27–34 . 1980 . 7410338 .
• Mannironi C, Orr A, Hatch C, etal . The relative expression of human histone H2A genes is similar in different types of proliferating cells. . DNA Cell Biol. . 13 . 2 . 161–70 . 1994 . 8179821 . 10.1089/dna.1994.13.161 .
• El Kharroubi A, Piras G, Zensen R, Martin MA . Transcriptional Activation of the Integrated Chromatin-Associated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Promoter . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 18 . 5 . 2535–44 . 1998 . 9566873 . 10.1128/mcb.18.5.2535. 110633 .
• Albig W, Trappe R, Kardalinou E, etal . The human H2A and H2B histone gene complement . Biol. Chem. . 380 . 1 . 7–18 . 1999 . 10064132 . 10.1515/BC.1999.002 . 12807248 .
• Deng L, de la Fuente C, Fu P, etal . Acetylation of HIV-1 Tat by CBP/P300 increases transcription of integrated HIV-1 genome and enhances binding to core histones . Virology . 277 . 2 . 278–95 . 2001 . 11080476 . 10.1006/viro.2000.0593 . free .
• Deng L, Wang D, de la Fuente C, etal . Enhancement of the p300 HAT activity by HIV-1 Tat on chromatin DNA . Virology . 289 . 2 . 312–26 . 2001 . 11689053 . 10.1006/viro.2001.1129 . free .
• Galasinski SC, Louie DF, Gloor KK, etal . Global regulation of post-translational modifications on core histones . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 4 . 2579–88 . 2002 . 11709551 . 10.1074/jbc.M107894200 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, etal . The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6 . Nature . 425 . 6960 . 805–11 . 2003 . 14574404 . 10.1038/nature02055 . 2003Natur.425..805M . free .
• Lusic M, Marcello A, Cereseto A, Giacca M . Regulation of HIV-1 gene expression by histone acetylation and factor recruitment at the LTR promoter . EMBO J. . 22 . 24 . 6550–61 . 2004 . 14657027 . 10.1093/emboj/cdg631 . 291826 .
• Zhang Y, Griffin K, Mondal N, Parvin JD . Phosphorylation of histone H2A inhibits transcription on chromatin templates . J. Biol. Chem. . 279 . 21 . 21866–72 . 2004 . 15010469 . 10.1074/jbc.M400099200 . free .
• Aihara H, Nakagawa T, Yasui K, etal . Nucleosomal histone kinase-1 phosphorylates H2A Thr 119 during mitosis in the early Drosophila embryo . Genes Dev. . 18 . 8 . 877–88 . 2004 . 15078818 . 10.1101/gad.1184604 . 395847 .
• Wang H, Wang L, Erdjument-Bromage H, etal . Role of histone H2A ubiquitination in Polycomb silencing . Nature . 431 . 7010 . 873–8 . 2004 . 15386022 . 10.1038/nature02985 . 2004Natur.431..873W . 4344378 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Hagiwara T, Hidaka Y, Yamada M . Deimination of histone H2A and H4 at arginine 3 in HL-60 granulocytes . Biochemistry . 44 . 15 . 5827–34 . 2005 . 15823041 . 10.1021/bi047505c .
• Bonenfant D, Coulot M, Towbin H, etal . Characterization of histone H2A and H2B variants and their post-translational modifications by mass spectrometry . Mol. Cell. Proteomics . 5 . 3 . 541–52 . 2006 . 16319397 . 10.1074/mcp.M500288-MCP200 . 13414500 . free .
• Cao R, Tsukada Y, Zhang Y . Role of Bmi-1 and Ring1A in H2A ubiquitylation and Hox gene silencing . Mol. Cell . 20 . 6 . 845–54 . 2006 . 16359901 . 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.12.002 . free .

Notes and References

1. Dobner T, Wolf I, Mai B, Lipp M . A novel divergently transcribed human histone H2A/H2B gene pair . DNA Seq . 1 . 6 . 409–13 . Feb 1992 . 1768865 . 10.3109/10425179109020799.
2. Albig W, Doenecke D . The human histone gene cluster at the D6S105 locus . Hum Genet . 101 . 3 . 284–94 . Feb 1998 . 9439656 . 10.1007/s004390050630 . 38539096 .
3. Marzluff WF, Gongidi P, Woods KR, Jin J, Maltais LJ . The human and mouse replication-dependent histone genes . Genomics . 80 . 5 . 487–98 . Oct 2002 . 12408966 . 10.1016/S0888-7543(02)96850-3 .
4. Web site: Entrez Gene: HIST1H2AM histone cluster 1, H2am.