HIST1H2AH explained

Histone H2A type 1-H is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HIST1H2AH gene.^{[1] [2]}

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H2A family. Transcripts from this gene lack tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the histone microcluster on chromosome 6p21.33.

Further reading

• El Kharroubi A, Piras G, Zensen R, Martin MA . Transcriptional Activation of the Integrated Chromatin-Associated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Promoter . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 18 . 5 . 2535–44 . 1998 . 9566873 . 10.1128/mcb.18.5.2535. 110633 .
• Albig W, Trappe R, Kardalinou E, etal . The human H2A and H2B histone gene complement . Biol. Chem. . 380 . 1 . 7–18 . 1999 . 10064132 . 10.1515/BC.1999.002 . 12807248 .
• Ahn J, Gruen JR . The genomic organization of the histone clusters on human 6p21.3 . Mamm. Genome . 10 . 7 . 768–70 . 1999 . 10384058 . 10.1007/s003359901089 . 28275496 .
• Deng L, de la Fuente C, Fu P, etal . Acetylation of HIV-1 Tat by CBP/P300 increases transcription of integrated HIV-1 genome and enhances binding to core histones . Virology . 277 . 2 . 278–95 . 2001 . 11080476 . 10.1006/viro.2000.0593 . free .
• Deng L, Wang D, de la Fuente C, etal . Enhancement of the p300 HAT activity by HIV-1 Tat on chromatin DNA . Virology . 289 . 2 . 312–26 . 2001 . 11689053 . 10.1006/viro.2001.1129 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, etal . The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6 . Nature . 425 . 6960 . 805–11 . 2003 . 14574404 . 10.1038/nature02055 . 2003Natur.425..805M . free .
• Lusic M, Marcello A, Cereseto A, Giacca M . Regulation of HIV-1 gene expression by histone acetylation and factor recruitment at the LTR promoter . EMBO J. . 22 . 24 . 6550–61 . 2004 . 14657027 . 10.1093/emboj/cdg631 . 291826 .
• Zhang Y, Griffin K, Mondal N, Parvin JD . Phosphorylation of histone H2A inhibits transcription on chromatin templates . J. Biol. Chem. . 279 . 21 . 21866–72 . 2004 . 15010469 . 10.1074/jbc.M400099200 . free .
• Aihara H, Nakagawa T, Yasui K, etal . Nucleosomal histone kinase-1 phosphorylates H2A Thr 119 during mitosis in the early Drosophila embryo . Genes Dev. . 18 . 8 . 877–88 . 2004 . 15078818 . 10.1101/gad.1184604 . 395847 .
• Wang H, Wang L, Erdjument-Bromage H, etal . Role of histone H2A ubiquitination in Polycomb silencing . Nature . 431 . 7010 . 873–8 . 2004 . 15386022 . 10.1038/nature02985 . 2004Natur.431..873W . 4344378 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Hagiwara T, Hidaka Y, Yamada M . Deimination of histone H2A and H4 at arginine 3 in HL-60 granulocytes . Biochemistry . 44 . 15 . 5827–34 . 2005 . 15823041 . 10.1021/bi047505c .
• Bonenfant D, Coulot M, Towbin H, etal . Characterization of histone H2A and H2B variants and their post-translational modifications by mass spectrometry . Mol. Cell. Proteomics . 5 . 3 . 541–52 . 2006 . 16319397 . 10.1074/mcp.M500288-MCP200 . free .
• Cao R, Tsukada Y, Zhang Y . Role of Bmi-1 and Ring1A in H2A ubiquitylation and Hox gene silencing . Mol. Cell . 20 . 6 . 845–54 . 2006 . 16359901 . 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.12.002 . free .
• Bergink S, Salomons FA, Hoogstraten D, etal . DNA damage triggers nucleotide excision repair-dependent monoubiquitylation of histone H2A . Genes Dev. . 20 . 10 . 1343–52 . 2006 . 16702407 . 10.1101/gad.373706 . 1472908 .
• Kimura H, Takizawa N, Allemand E, etal . A novel histone exchange factor, protein phosphatase 2Cγ, mediates the exchange and dephosphorylation of H2A–H2B . J. Cell Biol. . 175 . 3 . 389–400 . 2006 . 17074886 . 10.1083/jcb.200608001 . 2064517 .

Notes and References

1. Marzluff WF, Gongidi P, Woods KR, Jin J, Maltais LJ . The human and mouse replication-dependent histone genes . Genomics . 80 . 5 . 487–98 . Oct 2002 . 12408966 . 10.1016/S0888-7543(02)96850-3 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: HIST1H2AH histone cluster 1, H2ah.