Gustav Heinrich Tammann Explained

Gustav Tammann
Birth Name:Gustav Heinrich Johann Apollon Tammann
Birth Date:9 June 1861
Birth Place:Yamburg, Russian Empire
Death Place:Göttingen, Nazi Germany
Nationality:Baltic German
Fields:Physical chemistry
Alma Mater:University of Dorpat
Academic Advisors:Carl Schmidt
Doctoral Students:Iris Runge

Gustav Heinrich Johann Apollon Tammann (– 17 December 1938)[1] was a prominent Baltic German chemist-physicist who made important contributions in the fields of glassy and solid solutions, heterogeneous equilibria, crystallization, and metallurgy.

Biography

Tammann was born in Yamburg (now Kingisepp, Leningrad Oblast). His father, Heinrich Tammann (1833–1864) was of Estonian peasant origin and his mother, Matilda Schünmann, was of German origin.[2] Tammann graduated from University of Dorpat in chemistry.[3] He came to Göttingen University in 1903 where he established the first Institute of Inorganic Chemistry in Germany. In 1908 he was appointed director of the Physico-Chemical Institute. His interests focused on the physics and physical chemistry of metals and alloys (metallurgy). In 1925, Tammann was awarded Liebig Medal. On 28 May 1936, Tammann was awarded the Eagle Shield of the German Empire (German: [[Adlerschild des Deutschen Reiches]]),[4] with dedication "The Doyen of German Metallurgy".[5] He was also known for the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann equation, and the Tait-Tammann equation of state which seeks to account for the compressibility of liquids.[6]

Tammann died in Göttingen at age 77.

Awards

Tammann was awarded the following prizes:

The Tammann Commemorative Medal of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Materialkunde is named after him.[8]

Bibliography

Notes and References

  1. Encyclopedia: Gustav Tammann . Encyclopædia Britannica . 4 January 2014.
  2. Morachevskii . A. G. . Professor Gustav Tammann (to 140th Birthday Anniversary) . Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry . 74 . 9 . 1610–1615 . 10.1023/A:1017420113016 . 2001 . 195241283 . 1070-4272.
  3. Book: Estonian Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science . Kluwer Academic Publishers . Dordrecht . 978-0-79237-189-2 . R. A. . Vikhalemm . 44 . 2001.
  4. Scientific Notes and News . 31 July 1936 . Science . 84 . 2170 . 115–116 . 10.1126/science.84.2170.115 . 0036-8075 . 1661607. 1936Sci....84..115. .
  5. Book: Maier . Helmut . Forschung als Waffe: Rüstungsforschung in der Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft und das Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für Metallforschung 1900–1945/48 . Research as a Weapon: Armaments Research in the Kaiser Wilhelm Society and the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Metal Research 1900–1945/48 . Geschichte der Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft im Nationalsozialismus . 16 . 2007 . Göttingen . Wallstein Verlag . 978-3-83530-109-2 . 466 . de . .
  6. Book: Aitken . Frédéric . Foulc . Jean-Numa . From Tait's Work on the Compressibility of Seawater to Equations-of-State for Liquids . From Deep Sea to Laboratory . 3 . 2019 . ISTE . London . 978-1-78630-376-9 . 10.1002/9781119663362. 204258765 .
  7. Web site: Heyn-Denkmünze . Deutsche Gesellschaft für Materialkunde e.V. . 7 February 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190906114007/https://www.dgm.de/dgm/ehrungen/heyn-denkmuenze/ . 6 September 2019 . Berlin . de . dead.
  8. Web site: Tammann-Gedenkmünze . Deutsche Gesellschaft für Materialkunde e.V. . 7 February 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190427204353/https://www.dgm.de/dgm/ehrungen/tammann-gedenkmuenze/ . 27 April 2019 . Berlin . de . dead.