| Region: | Western philosophy |
| Era: | 20th-century philosophy |
| Birth Date: | 4 May 1906 |
| Birth Place: | Vienna, Austria-Hungary |
| Death Place: | Iowa City, U.S. |
| Alma Mater: | University of Vienna |
| Institutions: | University of Iowa |
| School Tradition: | Analytic philosophy Vienna Circle Logical positivism (1950s) Metaphysical realism (1960s)[1] |
| Main Interests: | Philosophy of science |
| Notable Ideas: | Coining the term "linguistic turn"[2] |
| Influences: | Walther Mayer, Moritz Schlick, Friedrich Waismann, Rudolf Carnap |
| Influenced: | Berlin Circle, Vienna Circle, John O'Neill |
Gustav Bergmann (May 4, 1906 – April 21, 1987) was an Austrian-born American philosopher. He studied at the University of Vienna and was a member of the Vienna Circle. Bergmann was influenced by the philosophers Moritz Schlick, Friedrich Waismann, and Rudolf Carnap, who were members of the Circle.[3] In the United States, he was a professor of philosophy and psychology at the University of Iowa.
Bergmann was born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary. He earned his Ph.D. in mathematics at the University of Vienna in 1928. His dissertation, directed by Walther Mayer, was titled Zwei Beiträge zur mehrdimensionalen Differentialgeometrie. While studying for his doctorate, he was invited to join the Vienna Circle, a group of philosophers, mathematicians, scientists, and others committed to a scientific worldview under the name of logical positivism. In 1930–31, he worked with Albert Einstein in Berlin. Unable as a Jew to find academic employment, Bergmann obtained a J.D. degree from the University of Vienna in 1935, and practiced corporate law until he and his family fled to the United States in 1938. Settling at the University of Iowa in Iowa City in 1939, Bergmann eventually became professor of both philosophy and psychology.
He died in Iowa City.