Guns N' Roses Explained

Guns N' Roses
Landscape:yes
Background:group_or_band
Alias:GNR
Origin:Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Discography:Guns N' Roses discography
Years Active:1985–present
Current Members:
Past Members:

Guns N' Roses is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in March 1985 when local bands Hollywood Rose and L.A. Guns merged. When they signed to Geffen Records in 1986, the band's "classic lineup" consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler. The current lineup consists of Rose, Slash, McKagan, guitarist Richard Fortus, drummer Frank Ferrer and keyboardists Dizzy Reed and Melissa Reese.

Guns N' Roses heavily toured the West Coast club circuit during their early years before embarking on the Appetite for Destruction Tour. Their debut album Appetite for Destruction (1987) failed to gain traction, debuting at number 182 on the Billboard 200, until a year after its release when a grassroots campaign for the "Welcome to the Jungle" music video brought the band mainstream popularity. "Welcome to the Jungle" and "Paradise City" both became top 10 singles, with "Sweet Child o' Mine" becoming the band's only single to reach number one on the Billboard Hot 100. The album has sold approximately 30 million copies worldwide, including 18 million units in the United States, making it the country's best-selling debut album and eleventh-best-selling album. With their stylistic mix of punk rock, blues rock and heavy metal, the band helped move mainstream rock away from the glam metal era of the mid-late 1980s. In addition, they are credited with revitalizing power ballads in rock. Their next studio album, G N' R Lies (1988) combined an early EP, Live ?!*@ Like a Suicide (1986), with new acoustic songs and reached number two on the Billboard 200, sold ten million copies worldwide (including five million in the U.S.), and included the top 5 hit "Patience" and the controversial "One in a Million". Adler was fired due to his drug addiction in 1990 and was replaced by Matt Sorum.

Use Your Illusion I and Use Your Illusion II, recorded and released simultaneously in 1991, debuted at number two and number one on the Billboard 200 respectively and have sold a combined 35 million copies worldwide (including 14 million units in the U.S.). The Illusion albums included the lead single "You Could Be Mine", covers of "Live and Let Die" and "Knockin' on Heaven's Door", and a trilogy of ballads ("Don't Cry", "November Rain", and "Estranged"), which featured notably high-budget music videos. The records were supported by the Use Your Illusion Tour, a world tour that lasted from 1991 to 1993. Stradlin abruptly left the band near the beginning of the tour in 1991, replaced by Gilby Clarke. The punk covers album "The Spaghetti Incident?" (1993) was the last studio album to feature Stradlin and Sorum, the only to feature Clarke, and the last for Slash and McKagan before their initial departure. While mostly well received, it was the band's worst-selling studio album to date and was not supported by a tour.

Work on a follow-up album stalled due to creative differences and personal conflicts between Rose and other members; Slash and McKagan left the band while Clarke and Sorum were fired. In 1998 Rose, Reed, guitarists Paul Tobias and Robin Finck, bassist Tommy Stinson, drummer Josh Freese and multi-instrumentalist Chris Pitman started writing and recording new songs. Guitarists Buckethead, Bumblefoot and Fortus, and drummers Brain and Ferrer all contributed as the band's lineup changed. Their upcoming sixth studio album, Chinese Democracy (2008), was promoted with the expansive Chinese Democracy Tour (2001-2011). With Rose failing to deliver the album on schedule, Geffen released Greatest Hits (2004), which became the 8th longest charting album in the history of the Billboard 200, reaching 631 weeks by July 2023.[1] The long-awaited Chinese Democracy was released in November 2008, featuring the title track as the lead single. At an estimated $14 million in production costs, it is the most expensive rock album in history. It debuted at number three on the Billboard 200 with a generally positive critical reception. Slash and McKagan rejoined the band in 2016 for the quasi-reunion Not in This Lifetime... Tour, which became one of the highest grossing concert tours of all-time, grossing over $584 million by its conclusion in 2019.

In their early years, the band's hedonism and rebelliousness drew comparisons to the early Rolling Stones and earned them the nickname "the most dangerous band in the world". Significant controversy followed the band due to late show starts and riots (notably the 1991 Riverport riot), lyrics perceived as problematic, Rose's outspoken persona, several other members' drug and alcohol abuse issues, lawsuits, and public feuds with other artists. Several members of the band are considered among the best in their fields, with Rose considered one of the best vocalists, Slash as one of the best guitarists and McKagan as one of the best bassists by various publications. Guns N' Roses (Rose, Stradlin, McKagan, Slash, Adler, Sorum and Reed) were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2012. Guns N' Roses have sold more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them one of the best-selling bands in history.

History

Formation (1985–1986)

See main article: Hollywood Rose and L.A. Guns.

In 1984, Hollywood Rose member Izzy Stradlin was living with L.A. Guns member Tracii Guns.[2] [3] When L.A. Guns needed a new vocalist, Stradlin suggested Hollywood Rose singer Axl Rose. This led to Guns N' Roses being formed in March 1985 by Rose, rhythm guitarist Stradlin, along with L.A. Guns founders lead guitarist Guns, drummer Rob Gardner, and bassist Ole Beich. Guns recalled the formation of the band in a 2019 interview, stating: "Axl got into an argument with our manager and our manager fired Axl but we all lived together so it was all really weird. So, that same night he got fired we started Guns N' Roses and I called Izzy the next day and said 'Hey, we are gonna start this new band called Guns N' Roses, do you want in?' It was as simple as that, no paint or cocaine involved."[4] The band coined its name by combining the names of both previous groups; initially it was the name of a label they were going to release music on. Rejected names for the band included "Heads of Amazon" and "AIDS".

After the band's first two rehearsals, Beich was fired and replaced by Duff McKagan.[5] [6] The first rehearsal with McKagan was recorded and three songs from it ("Don't Cry", "Think About You" and "Anything Goes") were played during the band's first radio interview, aired two days before their first ever show at the Troubadour on March 26, 1985.[7] [8] [9] [10] Around this time, the band planned to release an EP with the three aforementioned songs and a cover of "Heartbreak Hotel". However, Guns left the band after an argument with Rose, and plans for the release fell through. Guns was replaced by a former Hollywood Rose member, Slash. Gardner, the last remaining L.A. Guns member to remain in the band, quit soon after.[11] Steven Adler, another former Hollywood Rose member, filled Gardner's spot.[12] [13]

The band's "classic" lineup was finalized on June 4, 1985, when Adler and Slash officially joined. After two days of rehearsals, the band played their first show with the lineup on June 6, 1985.[14] [15] Two days later, the band embarked on a short, disorganized tour of the West Coast, from Sacramento, California, to McKagan's hometown of Seattle, Washington.[16] The band drove in a separate van and had to abandon their gear when both vans broke down on the way to Seattle, forcing them to hitch-hike up the coast and back home to LA with only their guitars.[17] [18] The so-called "Hell Tour" settled the band's first stable lineup, with McKagan later commenting, "This trip had set a new benchmark for what we were capable of, what we could and would put ourselves through to achieve our goals as a band."[19] The band then took up residence at a house and rehearsal space dubbed "The Hell House".

Through the band's increasing presence on the Hollywood club scene – playing famed bars such as The Troubadour and The Roxy – Guns N' Roses drew the attention of major record labels.[20] The group signed with Geffen Records in March 1986, receiving a $75,000 ($ in current dollar terms) advance.[21] They had turned down an offer from Chrysalis Records that was nearly double Geffen's, due to Chrysalis wanting to change the band's image and sound and Geffen offering full artistic freedom.[22] [23] In December of that year, the group released the four-song EP Live ?!*@ Like a Suicide, designed to keep interest in the band alive while the group withdrew from the club scene to work in the studio.[24] [25] The EP release was designed to sooth over the label, who felt the band did not have enough songs to record an album.[26] The EP contained covers of Rose Tattoo's "Nice Boys" and Aerosmith's "Mama Kin", along with two original compositions: the punk-influenced "Reckless Life" and the classic rock-inspired "Move to the City".[27] Although billed as a live recording, the four songs were taken from the band's demo tapes and overdubbed with crowd noise. Live ?!*@ Like a Suicide was released on the Geffen subsidiary Uzi Suicide, with production limited to 10,000 vinyl copies.[28]

Seeking to record their debut album, producer Spencer Proffer was hired to record "Nightrain" and "Sweet Child o' Mine" to test his chemistry with the band. The band eventually recorded 9 songs during these sessions, including "Heartbreak Hotel", "Don't Cry", "Welcome to the Jungle" and "Shadow of Your Love". The band then recorded demos with Nazareth guitarist Manny Charlton. Paul Stanley of KISS was considered as producer, but he was rejected after he wanted to change Adler's drum set more than Adler wanted.[29] Robert John "Mutt" Lange and Tom Werman were also considered, but the label did not want to spend the extra money on a famous producer.[30] Ultimately, Mike Clink (who had produced several Triumph records) was chosen,[31] and the group recorded "Shadow of Your Love" first with Clink as a test.

After some weeks of rehearsal, the band entered Daryl Dragon's Rumbo Recorders in January 1987 to record their debut album. Two weeks were spent recording basic tracks, with a month of overdubs.[32] The drums were done in six days, but Rose's vocals took much longer as he insisted on doing them one line at a time.[33]

Breakthrough and mass popularity (1987–1989)

Appetite for Destruction

Guns N' Roses' debut album Appetite for Destruction was released July 21, 1987.[34] The album underwent an artwork change after the original cover design by Robert Williams, which depicted a surrealist scene in which a dagger-toothed monster vengefully attacks a robot rapist, was deemed too controversial.[35] [36] The band stated the original artwork was "a symbolic social statement, with the robot representing the industrial system that's raping and polluting our environment".[37] The revised cover was done by Andy Engell, based on a design by tattoo artist Bill White Jr., who had designed the artwork for a tattoo Rose had acquired the previous year.[38] The artwork featured each of the five band members' skulls layered on a cross.

The band's first single was "It's So Easy", released on June 15, 1987, in the UK only, where it reached number eighty-four on the UK Singles Chart.[39] [40] In the U.S., "Welcome to the Jungle" was issued as the album's first single in October, with an accompanying music video.[41]

Initially, the album and single lingered for almost a year without performing well, but when Geffen founder David Geffen was asked to lend support to the band, he obliged, personally convincing MTV executives to play "Welcome to the Jungle" during the network's after-hours rotation.[42] [43] Even though the video was initially only played once at 4 a.m. on a Sunday, heavy metal and hard rock fans took notice and soon began requesting the video and song en masse. The song, written in Seattle, was about Los Angeles. The music video took place in New York. According to Rose, the inspiration for the lyrics came from an encounter he and a friend had with a homeless man while they were coming out of a bus into New York. Trying to put a scare into the young runaways, the man yelled at them, "You know where you are? You're in the jungle baby; you're gonna die!"[44] [45] The song was featured in the 1988 Dirty Harry film The Dead Pool, starring Clint Eastwood, and members of the band had a cameo appearance in the film.[46] [47]

"Sweet Child o' Mine" was the album's second U.S. single, a love song co-written by Rose as a poem for his then-girlfriend Erin Everly, daughter of Don Everly of the Everly Brothers.[48] Due to the growing grassroots success of the band and the cross-gender appeal of the song, "Sweet Child o' Mine" and its accompanying music video received heavy airplay on both radio and MTV, becoming a huge hit during the summer of 1988 and reaching the top of the charts in the U.S. Slash later commented, "I hated that song with a huge passion for the longest time, and it turned out to be our hugest hit, so it goes to show what I know."[49] The song was released in Japan as part of the EP Live from the Jungle, which also featured a selection of live recordings from the band's June 1987 dates at London's The Marquee, the group's first shows outside the United States.[50] [51] The song is the highest charting Guns N' Roses song, and is the band's only song to reach number one on the Billboard Hot 100.[52] After the success of "Sweet Child o' Mine", "Welcome to the Jungle" was re-issued as a single and reached No. 7 in the U.S. By the time "Paradise City" and its video reached the airwaves, peaking at No. 5 in the U.S., Appetite for Destruction had reached No. 1 on the Billboard 200.[53] To date, the album has sold in excess of 30 million copies worldwide,[54] [55] including 18 million units sold in the United States, making it the best-selling debut album of all time in the U.S, in addition to being the eleventh best-selling album in the United States.[56] [57] [58] [59]

Guns N' Roses toured extensively in support of their debut album, embarking on the 16-month-long Appetite for Destruction Tour.[60] [61] In addition to headlining dates in Europe and the U.S., the band opened North American shows for The Cult, Mötley Crüe, and Alice Cooper throughout the second half of 1987. During the 1987 tour, drummer Steven Adler broke his hand in a fight, and was replaced for 8 shows by Cinderella drummer Fred Coury.[62] Bassist Duff McKagan missed several shows in May 1988 to attend his wedding; Kid "Haggis" Chaos from The Cult filled in.[63] Don Henley of the Eagles played drums for the band during the 1989 AMA show while Adler was in rehab.[64]

The band proceeded to tour the United States, Australia and Japan, while serving as opening acts on North America shows by Iron Maiden and Aerosmith.[65] [66] Tim Collins, Aerosmith's then-manager, remarked, "By the end of the tour, Guns N' Roses were huge. They basically just exploded. We were all pissed that Rolling Stone magazine showed up to do a story on Aerosmith, but Guns N' Roses ended up on the cover of the magazine. Suddenly, the opening act was bigger than we were."[67]

G N' R Lies

Guns N' Roses' second album, G N' R Lies, was released in November 1988.[68] It included the four recordings from the band's 1986 EP Live ?!*@ Like a Suicide as well as four new acoustic tracks.[69] "Patience", the only single, reached number 4 in the U.S., while the album reached number 2.[70] [71] The album cover, a parody of tabloid newspapers, was modified after initial pressings to remove the headlines "Wife-beating has been around for 10,000 years" and "Ladies, welcome to the Dark Ages".[72]

The song "One in a Million" raised accusations of racism, xenophobia and homophobia. The song's lyrics include the following: "Police and niggers, that's right, get out of my way, don't need to buy none of your gold chains today" and "Immigrants and faggots, they make no sense to me, they come to our country and think they'll do as they please, like start some mini Iran or spread some fucking disease".[73] [74] [75] [76] [77] Rose denied that he was a racist and defended his use of the word "nigger", claiming that "it's a word to describe somebody that is basically a pain in your life, a problem. The word nigger doesn't necessarily mean black." He cited the rap group N.W.A. and the John Lennon song "Woman Is the Nigger of the World" as other examples of musicians using the word.[78] Several years later, Rose conceded that he had used the word as an insult towards black people who had tried to rob him, and because the word is a taboo.[79] In response to the allegations of homophobia, Rose stated that he considered himself "pro-heterosexual" and blamed this attitude on "bad experiences" with gay men.[80]

During a November 1987 show in Atlanta, Rose assaulted multiple security guards and was held backstage by police. The band continued the concert with a roadie performing lead vocals.[81] [82] Riots nearly broke out during two August 1988 shows in New York.[83] At England's Monsters of Rock festival, held that same month, two fans were crushed to death during the group's set by the slam-dancing crowd.[84] [85] [86] During the first of four October 1989 dates opening for the Rolling Stones at the L.A. Coliseum, Rose announced that the shows would be the group's last if certain members of the band did not stop "dancing with Mr. Brownstone", a reference to the band's song of the same name about heroin.[87] "That was serious", the singer remarked. "I'm not gonna be a part of watching them kill each other, just killing themselves off. Everybody was pissed at me, but afterwards Slash's mom came and shook my hand and so did his brothers."[88] Events such as these helped earn Guns N' Roses the moniker "the most dangerous band in the world".[89]

International success and band turmoil (1990–1993)

Use Your Illusion I and II

See main article: Use Your Illusion II. In 1990, Guns N' Roses returned to the studio. Adler was briefly fired over his drug use, but was reinstated after signing a contract in which he vowed to stop taking drugs.[90] During the recording session of "Civil War", Adler was unable to perform well due to his struggles with cocaine and heroin addiction, and caused the band to do nearly 30 takes.[91] Adler claimed at the time he was sick from taking opiate blockers to help with the addictions. He was fired on July 11, 1990 as a result, and later filed a lawsuit against the band.[92] In 2005, he recalled:

Martin Chambers of the Pretenders and Adam Maples of Sea Hags were considered as replacements.[93] Jussi Tegelman, from the Finnish band Havana Black, assisted on drums in studio sessions before a permanent replacement was found.[94] [95] [96] The position was filled by drummer Matt Sorum, who had played briefly with the Cult.[97] Slash credited Sorum with preventing the band from breaking up at the time.

In response to an interviewer's suggestion that replacing Adler with Sorum had turned Guns N' Roses from a rock 'n' roll band to a heavy metal band, Stradlin responded: "Yeah, a big musical difference. The first time I realized what Steve did for the band was when he broke his hand in Michigan ... So we had Fred Coury come in from Cinderella for the Houston show. Fred played technically good and steady, but the songs sounded just awful. They were written with Steve playing the drums and his sense of swing was the push and pull that give the songs their feel. When that was gone, it was just ... unbelievable, weird. Nothing worked."[98]

A few months prior, keyboardist Dizzy Reed became the sixth member of the group when he joined as a full-time member.[99] [100]

In May 1991, Guns N' Roses fired their manager, Alan Niven, replacing him with Doug Goldstein. According to a 1991 cover story by Rolling Stone, Rose forced the dismissal of Niven against the wishes of some of his bandmates by refusing to complete the albums until he was replaced.[101]

The band released the recordings as two albums, Use Your Illusion I and Use Your Illusion II, on September 17, 1991.[102] [103] The tactic paid off when the albums debuted at No. 2 and No. 1 respectively in the Billboard charts, making Guns N' Roses the only act to achieve this feat until hip hop artist Nelly in 2004 and the first to have the top two albums since Jim Croce in 1974.[104] [105] The albums sold 770,000 units (Use Your Illusion II) and 685,000 units (Use Your Illusion I) in their first week,[106] and spent 108 weeks on the chart.[107] They have sold a combined 35 million copies worldwide,[108] including 14 million in the United States.

Guns N' Roses accompanied the Use Your Illusion albums with many videos, including "Don't Cry", "November Rain" and "Estranged", some of the most expensive music videos ever made.[109] The ballad "November Rain" reached number 3 in the US and became the most requested video on MTV, eventually winning the 1992 MTV Video Music Award for best cinematography.[110] At 8:57, it was at the time also the longest song in US chart history to reach the top ten.[111] During the awards show, the band performed the song with Elton John accompanying on piano.[112] [113]

Use Your Illusion Tour

Before the release of the albums, Guns N' Roses embarked on the 28-month-long Use Your Illusion Tour. It became famous for both its financial success and for the many controversial incidents that occurred at the shows. The tour included 192 dates in 27 countries, with over seven million people attending concerts.[114] The Use Your Illusion Tour is considered the "longest tour in rock history". The Use Your Illusion World Tour program included a guitar solo from Slash based on The Godfather theme; a piano-driven cover of "It's Alright" by Black Sabbath; and an extended jam on the classic rock-inspired "Move to the City", where the group showcased the ensemble of musicians assembled for the tour.[115]

On July 2, 1991, at the Riverport Amphitheater in Maryland Heights, Missouri, Rose discovered that a fan was filming the show with a camera.[116] After asking the venue's security to take away the camera, Rose jumped into the audience, had a heated confrontation with the fan, and assaulted him.[117] After being pulled from the audience by members of the crew, Rose said, "Well, thanks to the lame-ass security, I'm going home!", threw his microphone to the ground and stormed off the stage.[118] The angry crowd rioted, injuring dozens. Footage was captured by Robert John, who was documenting the tour.[119] The police were unable to arrest Rose until almost a year later, as the band went overseas to continue the tour.[120] Charges were filed against Rose,[121] but a judge ruled that he did not directly incite the riot. In his defense, Rose stated that the Guns N' Roses security team had made four separate requests to the venue's security staff to remove the camera, that those requests were ignored, that other members of the band had reported being hit by bottles launched from the audience, and that the security staff refused to enforce a drinking limit.[122] Rose was eventually found guilty of property damage and assault. He was fined $50,000 and given two years probation.[123]

Rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin abruptly quit the band on November 7, 1991, after a repeat of the St. Louis incident nearly unfolded during a concert in Germany.[124] [125] [126] As reasons for his departure, Stradlin cited a combination of Rose's personal behavior, his mismanagement of the band, and difficulties being around Slash, Sorum, and McKagan due to his newfound sobriety and their continuing addictions.[127] [128] Stradlin later commented, "Once I quit drugs, I couldn't help looking around and asking myself, 'Is this all there is?' I was just tired of it; I needed to get out".[129] The band had three weeks to find a replacement or cancel several shows. Dave Navarro from Jane's Addiction was considered, but according to Slash, "he couldn't get it together".[130] Stradlin was eventually replaced by Los Angeles guitarist Gilby Clarke, whom Slash credited for saving the band.[131] At many shows on the tour, Rose introduced Clarke to the audience, and Slash and Clarke would play "Wild Horses", a Rolling Stones cover. In 1993, Clarke broke his arm in a motorcycle accident during the tour and was replaced by Stradlin for several weeks.[132]

In 1992, the band performed three songs at the Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert. Because of the controversial song "One in a Million", activist group ACT UP demanded that the band be dropped from the bill, urged other artists to shun GN'R, and the urged crowd to boo the group. Members of Queen dismissed the activists, with lead guitarist Brian May stating: "People seem so blind. Don't they realize that the mere fact that Guns N' Roses are here is the biggest statement that you could get?"[133] Slash later performed "Tie Your Mother Down" with the remaining members of Queen and Def Leppard vocalist Joe Elliott, while Rose performed "We Will Rock You" and sang a duet with Elton John on "Bohemian Rhapsody".[134] Their personal set included "Paradise City" and "Knockin' on Heaven's Door". When the band returned to the US for the second leg of the Use Your Illusion Tour, Rose had wanted the grunge band Nirvana as the support act, but lead singer Kurt Cobain declined.[135]

Later that year, Guns N' Roses embarked on the Guns N' Roses/Metallica Stadium Tour with heavy metal band Metallica, supported by Faith No More, Motörhead, and Body Count. During a show in August 1992 at Montreal's Olympic Stadium, Metallica's lead singer James Hetfield suffered second-degree burns to his hands and face after malfunctions with pyrotechnics.[136] Metallica was forced to cancel the second hour of the show, but promised to return to the city for another performance. After a long delay, during which the audience became increasingly restless, Guns N' Roses took the stage. However, the shortened time between sets did not allow for adequate tuning of stage monitors and the band members could not hear themselves. In addition, Rose claimed that his throat hurt, causing the band to leave the stage early.[137] The cancellation led to another audience riot, in which 10 audience members and three police officers were injured. Police made at least a dozen arrests related to the incident.[138]

The Use Your Illusion tour ended in Buenos Aires, Argentina, on July 17, 1993.[139] The tour set attendance records and lasted for 28 months, in which 192 shows were played in 27 countries.[140] The show in Buenos Aires marked the last time that Sorum and Clarke played in the band, and the last time Slash performed with the band until 2016.

"The Spaghetti Incident?"

Initially, the band planned to release an EP of covers in 1992 or 1993, but decided to record a full album. Their fifth studio album, "The Spaghetti Incident?",[141] a collection of punk and glam rock covers, was released on November 23, 1993.[142] The album features covers of songs of punk artists such as U.K. Subs, The Damned, New York Dolls, The Stooges, Dead Boys, Misfits, Johnny Thunders, The Professionals, FEAR, as well as T. Rex, Soundgarden and The Skyliners. The lead single, "Ain't It Fun" featured Hanoi Rocks singer Michael Monroe as a guest vocalist.[143] The album debuted at number 4 on the Billboard charts, and sold 190,000 copies its first week.

Many of the tracks were recorded during the same sessions as the Illusions albums, which were originally intended to produce three or four albums. Stradlin's guitar parts were reportedly re-recorded entirely by Gilby Clarke. Slash described the recording as "spontaneous and unpainted",[144] and recording the songs served as "a purpose to alleviate the pressure of making the Illusions records".[145] The band wanted to increase the profile of some of their favorite bands and help them financially via royalties with the tracklist selection, and considered naming the album "Pension Fund".

The album includes a hidden track, a cover of "Look at Your Game, Girl", originally by cult leader Charles Manson. The track was kept secret and left off advance tapes sent to reviewers.[146] The inclusion of the song caused controversy, with law enforcement and victims rights groups expressing outrage.[147] Rose stated "we wanted to downplay it. We don't give any credit to Charles Manson on the album". Label president David Geffen commented: "[If] Rose had realized how offensive people would find this, he would not have ever recorded this song". Slash mentioned that the song was "done with naive and innocent black humor on our part".[148] Rose stated he would donate all performance royalties from the song to a nonprofit environmental organization.[149] [150] The band was going to remove the song before learning that royalties would be donated to the son of one of Manson's victims.[151] Geffen Records stated their share of royalties would be donated to the Doris Tate Crime Victims Bureau.

The band did not tour in support of "The Spaghetti Incident?". Although well received critically; it is the band's worst selling studio album, having sold 1 million copies by 2018.

Lineup changes and sporadic activity (1994–1998)

Between 1994 and 1996, the band sporadically recorded new material. According to Matt Sorum, in 1996, the band had recorded seven songs, with seven more in the writing stages, and intended to release a single album with 10 or 12 songs in spring 1997. In May 1994, Gilby Clarke said work on the next Guns N' Roses album had ended.[152] Rose said the material was scrapped due to the lack of collaboration between band members: "We still needed the collaboration of the band as a whole to write the best songs. Since none of that happened, that's the reason why that material got scrapped."[153] The album was described by McKagan as consisting of "up-tempo rock songs" with "no ballads".[154] Sorum said that It's Five O'Clock Somewhere, the debut album from Slash's band Slash's Snakepit, "could have been a Guns N' Roses album, but Axl didn't think it was good enough".[155]

In 1994, all of the then-current members of the band contributed to Gilby Clarke's debut album, Pawnshop Guitars.[156] In December 1994, GN'R released a cover of the Rolling Stones' "Sympathy for the Devil".[157] The song appeared in the films Interview with the Vampire and Fallen and was released as a single. Entertainment Weekly stated that the 'note-for-note remake works up a decent lather but seems utterly bankrupt'.[158] "Sympathy for the Devil" is the final GN'R track to feature Slash on lead guitar, McKagan on bass, and Sorum on drums. The song also featured Rose's childhood friend and Hollywood Rose collaborator Paul "Huge" Tobias on rhythm guitar.

Tobias's presence in the band created tension; Slash had 'creative and personal differences' with Tobias.[159] A 2001 interview revealed Slash told his bandmates in September 1996, "I'm going to confront it. Either Paul goes, or [I go]."

Gilby Clarke's contract was not renewed and he was gone from the band by 1995. Slash stated in his book that Rose fired Clarke without consulting anyone, claiming he was a "hired hand".[160] Clarke was not involved in the recording of 'Sympathy for the Devil': "I knew that that was the ending because nobody told me about it". Clarke mentioned that before the final show of the Use Your Illusion Tour, Rose told him "Hey, enjoy your last show".[161] Clarke later sued the band over the use of his likeness in Guns N' Roses Pinball.[162]

In August 1995, Rose legally left the band and created a new partnership under the band's name. Rose later stated that he took this step "to salvage Guns not steal it".[163] Rose reportedly purchased the full rights to the Guns N' Roses name in 1997.[164] [165] Slash claimed he and bandmates signed over the name under duress: "Axl refused to go onstage one night during the Use Your Illusion tour in 1992 unless the band signed away the name rights to the band. Unfortunately, we signed it. I didn't think he'd go on stage otherwise."[166] Rose denied the claim, saying "(it) Never happened, all made up, fallacy and fantasy. Not one single solitary thread of truth to it. Had that been the case I would have been cremated years ago legally, could've cleaned me out for the name and damages. It's called under duress with extenuating circumstances."

In 1996, Rose, Slash, McKagan, and former member Izzy Stradlin guested on Anxious Disease, the debut album by The Outpatience. This would be the last material the four classic-era band members worked on together.[167]

The recording of "Sympathy for the Devil", coupled with tension between Slash and Rose, led the former to quit the band officially in October 1996.[168] Rose sent a fax notifying MTV of the departure, and Slash responded: "Axl and I have not been capable of seeing eye to eye on Guns N' Roses for some time. We tried to collaborate, but at this point, I'm no longer in the band."[169] Slash stated, "Axl's whole visionary style, as far as his input in Guns N' Roses, is completely different from mine. I just like to play guitar, write a good riff, go out there and play, as opposed to presenting an image."

Slash was replaced by Nine Inch Nails touring guitarist Robin Finck in January 1997. He signed a two-year contract with the band in August 1997, making him an official member.[170] Finck was originally recommended by Matt Sorum to Rose a year earlier as a possible second guitarist to complement Slash. Slash's departure was followed by the departure of Matt Sorum in April 1997. Sorum was fired by Rose following an argument about Tobias's inclusion in the band.[171] Sorum later stated that Tobias was the "Yoko Ono of Guns N' Roses".[172]

Rose auditioned multiple potential members, including multi-instrumentalist Chris Vrenna[173] and guitarist Zakk Wylde,[174] [175] [176] alongside drummers Dave Abbruzzese, Michael Bland,[177] Joey Castillo and Kellii Scott from Failure.[178] Rolling Stone reported in April 1997 that the lineup of Guns N' Roses was Rose, McKagan, Tobias, Finck & Vrenna.[179]

McKagan was the last of the Appetite lineup to leave, resigning as bassist in August 1997.[180] McKagan had recently become a father and wrote about his decision to leave in his autobiography: "Guns had been paying rent on studios for three years now—from 1994 to 1997—and still did not have a single song. The whole operation was so erratic that it didn't seem to fit with my hopes for parenthood, for stability."Josh Freese was ultimately hired to replace Sorum on drums, joining in the summer of 1997.[181] After being recommended by Freese, former Replacements bassist Tommy Stinson joined in 1998, replacing McKagan.[182] By the end of 1998, a new version of Guns N' Roses had emerged: Rose on lead vocals, Stinson on bass, Freese on drums, Finck on lead guitar, Tobias on rhythm guitar, Reed on keyboards, and multi-instrumentalist Chris Pitman.[183]

In 1998, Geffen released an edited single disc version of the Illusion albums entitled Use Your Illusion.[184] In November 1999, the label released Live Era '87–'93, a collection of live performances from various concerts during the Appetite for Destruction and Use Your Illusion tours.[185] Former guitarist Slash described the selection of songs of the album as a "very mutual effort",[186] adding that "the live album was one of the easiest projects we all worked on. I didn't actually see Axl, but we communicated via the powers that be."[187]

New lineups and Chinese Democracy (1998–2008)

See main article: Chinese Democracy and Chinese Democracy Tour.

Background of new album

A new Guns N' Roses album had reportedly been in the works since 1994, with Rose the only original member still in the band. Several producers, including Youth, Moby, Mike Clink, Eric Caudieux & Sean Beaven worked with the band during the late 90s, incorporating new electronic and industrial elements to the music.[188] [189] [190] [191] [192] Rolling Stone stated that the label planned for the album to be released in late 1999.[193] By August 1999, the band had recorded over 30 songs for the album, which was tentatively entitled 2000 Intentions.[194] In November 1999, during an interview with Kurt Loder for MTV, Rose said that he had re-recorded Appetite for Destruction with the then-new band, apart from two songs which he had replaced with "Patience" and "You Could Be Mine".[195] During the interview, Rose announced the title of the upcoming album, Chinese Democracy. Rose explained:

Band manager Doug Goldstein stated in November 1999 that the band had 'almost finished' recording the music, and the album was due out some time in 2000.[196] Later that month, the band released a new song, the industrial styled "Oh My God", which was included on the soundtrack of the film End of Days.[197] The track featured additional guitar work by Dave Navarro and Gary Sunshine, Rose's personal guitar teacher.[198] Rose claimed that former members Duff McKagan and Matt Sorum had 'failed to see the potential' of the song and had no interest in recording or playing the piece.

In August 1999, guitarist Robin Finck departed the band to rejoin his former band, Nine Inch Nails, on tour.[199] In March 2000, avant-garde guitarist Brian Carroll, more commonly referred to as Buckethead, joined Guns N' Roses as a replacement for Finck.[200] [201] Also in March 2000, drummer Josh Freese left the band. He was replaced by former Primus drummer Bryan Mantia, known professionally as Brain.[202] Robin Finck returned to the band in late 2000, to complement Buckethead on lead guitar.[203] With the album nearing completion in mid-2000, producer Roy Thomas Baker convinced Rose to re-record it, causing further delays.[204]

Title announcement and touring, tour cancellation and member departures

In an interview with Rolling Stone in February 2000, Rose played several songs of the upcoming album to reporters, including "Chinese Democracy", "Catcher in the Rye", "I.R.S.", "The Blues", "There Was a Time" and "Oklahoma".[205] Rose mentioned that part of the delay of the new album was him 'educating himself about the technology that's come to define rock', stating that "it's like from scratch, learning how to work with something, and not wanting it just to be something you did on a computer." Rolling Stone described the album as "Led Zeppelin's Physical Graffiti remixed by Beck and Trent Reznor. Rose mentioned that the expense of the record would be negated by the recording sessions yielding multiple albums, including a record that is "more industrial and electronica-influenced than Chinese Democracy". In a 2001 interview, Rose described the album as having "all kinds of styles, many influences as blues, mixed in the songs" and said that it was "not industrial".[206]

Describing why he continued using the Guns N' Roses name, instead of labeling the upcoming album an 'Axl Rose solo album', Rose stated "there were other people in Guns n' Roses before them, you know. I contemplated letting go of that, but it doesn't feel right in any way. I am not the person who chose to try to kill it and walked away. ... Everybody is putting everything they've got into singing and building. Maybe I'm helping steer it to what it should be built like." Also in the interview, Rose attributed the breakup of the old lineup to drug addictions and 'an effort from inside the band to destroy him', stating "There was an effort to bring me down. It was a king-of-the-mountain thing", and that he "needed to take control to survive", also describing the dissolution as "a divorce".

Eight years after the previous Guns N' Roses concert, the band made a public appearance in January 2001 with two well-received concerts: one in Las Vegas and one at the Rock in Rio Festival in Rio de Janeiro. The band played both songs from previous albums and songs from then-unreleased Chinese Democracy. During the band's Rock in Rio set, Rose made the following comment regarding former members of the band:

The group played two shows in Las Vegas at the end of 2001.[207] Former guitarist Slash claimed that he tried to attend a show and was turned away at the door by security.[208] Due to his frustrations with touring, rhythm guitarist Paul Tobias left the band in 2002 and was replaced by Richard Fortus (formerly of The Psychedelic Furs and Love Spit Love).[209]

The band then played several shows in August 2002, headlining festivals and concerts throughout Asia and Europe, including Pukkelpop, Summer Sonic Festival, and The Carling Weekend.[210] [211] At the 2002 MTV Video Music Awards on August 29, 2002, Guns N' Roses closed the show in a previously unannounced performance, playing "Welcome to the Jungle", "Madagascar", and "Paradise City".[212]

In November 2002, the band's first North American tour since 1993 was organized to support Chinese Democracy, with CKY and Mix Master Mike joining. However, the opening show in Vancouver was canceled by the venue when Rose failed to turn up. According to Guns' management, "Axl's flight from L.A. had been delayed by mechanical troubles". A riot ensued.[213] The tour was met with mixed results, some concerts did not sell well, while shows in larger markets such as New York City sold out in minutes.[214] Due to a second riot by fans in Philadelphia when the band failed to show up again, tour promoter Clear Channel canceled the remainder of the tour.[215]

Greatest Hits and label conflict, lawsuits

In September 2003, Eddie Trunk played a previously unheard track, "I.R.S.", on his radio show, given to him by baseball player Mike Piazza.[216] The band management heard about the nationwide leak, and obtained a cease and desist order for all stations that had a copy of the track. Rose had played several new songs at a strip club in Las Vegas two months earlier to gauge the reactions of the crowd.

In February 2004, Geffen said, "Having exceeded all budgeted and approved recording costs by millions of dollars, it is Mr. Rose's obligation to fund and complete the album, not Geffen's." By March 2004, Geffen had pulled funding from Chinese Democracy. Around then, band manager Merck Mercuriadis stated that "The 'Chinese Democracy' album is very close to being completed". According to a 2005 report by The New York Times, Rose had allegedly spent $13 million ($ in current dollar terms) in the studio by that point.[217] [218] Mercuriadis rejected the budget claims made by The New York Times, claiming the sources had not been involved in the project in several years.[219] The album was frequently described as "the most expensive album ever made".[220] [221] [222]

In March 2004, since Rose had failed to deliver a new studio album in more than ten years, Geffen released Guns N' Roses' Greatest Hits. Slash and McKagan joined Rose in suing Geffen to stop the release of the album, which was compiled without authorization from any current or former band members.[223] [224] The lawsuit was thrown out and the album went triple platinum in the US, eventually going on to be the third-longest-charting album in the Nielsen SoundScan era.[225] [226] McKagan and Slash also joined Rose in an unsuccessful effort to prevent the release of The Roots of Guns N' Roses.[227]

The band was scheduled to play at Rock in Rio Lisboa in May 2004.[228] However, Buckethead left the band in March of that year, causing the band to cancel the show.[229] [230] Buckethead reportedly left the band because of the "inability to complete an album or tour", according to his manager. Rose claimed "the band has been put in an untenable position by guitarist Buckethead and his untimely departure. During his tenure with the band, Buckethead has been inconsistent and erratic in both his behavior and commitment ... His transient lifestyle has made it impossible for even his closest friends to have nearly any form of communication with him whatsoever."

In February 2006, demos of the songs "Better", "Catcher in the Rye", "I.R.S.", and "There Was a Time" were leaked on to the Internet through a Guns N' Roses fan site.[231] [232] The band's management requested that all links to the MP3 files and all lyrics to the songs be removed from forums and websites.[233] Despite this, radio stations began adding "I.R.S." to playlists, and the song reached No. 49 on the Radio & Records Active Rock National Airplay chart in the final week of February.[234]

In August 2006, Slash and McKagan sued Rose over publishing and songwriting credits, which Rose's lawyer claimed were due to a 'clerical error' while changing publishers.[235] [236]

Lineup changes and resuming tour

Following a recommendation from guitar virtuoso Joe Satriani,[237] guitarist Ron "Bumblefoot" Thal joined Guns N' Roses in 2006, replacing Buckethead.[238] [239] Thal made his live debut with the band at the Hammerstein Ballroom in New York City on May 12, 2006, the band's first live show in over three years.[240]

Five warm-up shows before a North American tour were held in September 2006.[241] The tour officially commenced on October 24 in Miami. Drummer Frank Ferrer replaced Brain, who took a leave of absence to be with his wife and newborn child.[242] Coinciding with the tour, the song "Better" was featured in an internet advertisement for Harley-Davidson in October 2006.[243] Keyboardist Dizzy Reed stated that the release was an accident, with two versions being made—one 'experimental edit' featuring a demo of "Better" and one with "Paradise City". The ad with Better was mislabeled and inadvertently uploaded online for a day before being replaced by the intended ad with Paradise City.[244]

In November 2006, shows in Portland, Maine were cancelled, with the band claiming that the cancellations were "due to limitations imposed by local fire marshals".[245] Rose later apologized in a statement, stating "We have chosen to take the public heat for these events in order to have another shot at the future today with a new album."[246]

In December 2006, Rose released an open letter to fans announcing that Merck Mercuriadis had been fired as the band's manager. He revealed that the last four dates of the North American tour would be cut so the band could work on post-production for Chinese Democracy. He also set a tentative release date for the album for the first time since the album's announcement: March 6, 2007.[247]

On February 23, 2007, Del James announced that the recording stage of Chinese Democracy was finished and the band had now moved onto mixing the album.[248] However, this proved that March 6 release date would be impossible to achieve, and the album once again had no scheduled release date.[249]

In February 2007, the 'final' version of "Better" leaked online to positive reviews.[250] On May 4, 2007, three more tracks leaked from Chinese Democracy: An updated version of "I.R.S.", "The Blues", and the title track.[251] [252] All three tracks had previously been played live.

Guns N' Roses embarked on the 2007 leg of the Chinese Democracy World Tour in Mexico in June, followed by dates in Australia and Japan.[253] The songs "Nice Boys" and "Don't Cry" (appearing as an instrumental Bumblefoot solo) were played for the first time since the Use Your Illusion Tour. The tour ended on the twentieth anniversary of Appetite for Destruction release date, in Osaka.[254] During this tour, the band featured vocalist Axl Rose, Robin Finck, Ron Thal and Richard Fortus on guitars, Tommy Stinson on bass, Dizzy Reed and Chris Pitman on keyboards and Frank Ferrer on drums.[255]

Album release and promotion

In December 2007, Eddie Trunk reported that the album was done and handed over to Geffen Records, but delayed due to issues with the label.[256] The following month, reports that the delays were disagreements between Geffen and Rose on marketing emerged.[257] In February 2008, Rose's manager, Beta Lebeis, debunked Trunk's suggestion and stated the band is "in negotiations" with the record label, and the album had been finished since Christmas 2007.[258]

On March 26, 2008, Dr Pepper announced a plan to give everyone in America – except the band's former guitarists Slash and Buckethead – a free can of Dr Pepper if the band released Chinese Democracy before the end of 2008.[259] [260] [261] Rose stated he was "surprised and very happy" about the announcement, adding, "As some of Buckethead's performances are on our album, I'll share my Dr Pepper with him."[262] [263]

On March 27, 2008, the day after Dr Pepper's announcement, the band members announced that they had hired a new management team, headed by Irving Azoff and Andy Gould.[264]

Amidst industry rumors in April 2008 that a release was coming soon, nine tracks purported to be from Chinese Democracy were leaked to a website on June 19, 2008, but were quickly removed due to a cease-and-desist letter from the band's label.[265] Six of the leaked tracks had surfaced previously in some form, while three were new.[266] [267] On July 14, 2008, Harmonix, in conjunction with MTV Games, officially announced the release of a new song from Chinese Democracy. The song, entitled "Shackler's Revenge", was released through the new game Rock Band 2.[268] The song "If the World" debuted October 10, 2008, playing in the end credits of the Ridley Scott film Body of Lies.[269]

On October 22, 2008, after several months of speculation,[270] [271] band management, Best Buy, and Interscope Geffen A&M Records issued a joint press release confirming that the much-anticipated release of Chinese Democracy in the US had been scheduled for November 23, 2008, as a Best Buy exclusive.[272] [273] Several days before its official release, the band streamed the entire Chinese Democracy album on the group's Myspace page.[274] [275] [276] The album was streamed over three million times, breaking the Myspace record for most streamed album ever.[277]

Chinese Democracy, the band's sixth studio album and its first since 1993's "The Spaghetti Incident?" was released on November 22, 2008, in Europe and Australia, on November 23, 2008, in North America, and on November 24, 2008, in the United Kingdom. Chinese Democracy debuted at No. 3 on the Billboard 200 but undersold industry expectations.[278] [279] The album's divided reception led to it being included on several publication's year end worst-of lists, as well of best-of lists.

Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction and Appetite for Democracy (2009–2014)

On February 6, 2009, Rose gave his first interview in nine years when he sat down with Billboard Jonathan Cohen. Rose said that there was no chance that he would ever agree with a reunion with Slash:

Rose however stated that he was open to working again with Stradlin and McKagan:

In March 2009, the band announced that DJ Ashba would be the new lead guitarist, replacing a departing Robin Finck, who rejoined Nine Inch Nails.[280] [281] [282]

In June 2009, it was reported that manager Irving Azoff had been "fired, then re-hired, then fired".[283] A year later, Azoff's company Front Line Management sued Rose, claiming he "violated an oral agreement to pay 15% of earnings, or nearly $2 million, from a lucrative concert tour" and seeking $1.87 million in unpaid fees.[284] [285] [286] Rose filed a $5 million counter-lawsuit against Azoff, saying that Azoff sabotaged sales of Guns N' Roses' comeback album, attempted to force Rose to reunite with his estranged former bandmates, failed to promote Chinese Democracy,[287] [288] and filed suit for "commissions he didn't earn and had no right to receive". The lawsuit was settled in 2011.[289] [290] Several years later, Guns N' Roses' management, led by Rose's former personal assistant Beta Lebeis and her family, stated that previous tensions led to an ultimatum of "no more managers".[291]

Guns N' Roses headlined the Friday night at Reading Festival 2010 and closed Leeds Festival two days later.[292] Guns N' Roses was 58 minutes late coming on to the stage, and because of a curfew issued by Reading Council the band's set ended at midnight.[293] [294] Rose orchestrated fan frustration toward the organizers, citing the strict curfew.[295] [296] Further late showings caused issues; during a concert on September 1, 2010, in Dublin, the band was over an hour late arriving on stage.[297] Rose stopped the band in the middle of the second song, "Welcome to the Jungle", after multiple bottles were thrown on stage to warn the crowd. After another bottle was thrown, the band left the stage during the fourth song of the set.[298] The band returned to the stage an hour later to finish the show.[299] [300]

Former bassist Duff McKagan joined the band on stage for the first time since leaving the band on October 14, 2010, at The O2 Arena, in London, England. He performed four songs with the group: "You Could Be Mine", "Nice Boys", "Knockin' on Heaven's Door", and "Patience".[301] [302] [303] The appearance was said to be a spur-of-the-moment decision, as he and Rose happened to be staying in the same hotel.[304] Rose told the audience, "There was this guy at the end of my hallway playing all this loud music and shit. What the fuck? Oh—it's Duff!". McKagan later joined Guns N' Roses for two Seattle shows in December 2011 and had his band Loaded open for Guns N' Roses.[305]

Guns N' Roses performed at Rock in Rio 4 on October 2, 2011, during heavy rain,[306] playing "Estranged" for the first time since 1993.[307] Guitarist Bumblefoot stated that due to the conditions, it was the "worst concert he's ever been a part of".[308] Two months later, during a performance in Nashville, Tennessee, "Civil War" also made a return after an eighteen-year absence.[309] On November 10, 2011, Rose gave his first TV interview in years to Eddie Trunk, Don Jamieson and Jim Florentine of That Metal Show, discussing his whole career and the band's future.[310]

Izzy Stradlin joined the band for a surprise performance at a wedding in Saint-Tropez, France, in July 2012.[311] Also in July 2012, the band toured Israel for the first time since 1992.[312] NME reported that year that the band's tour security said they had been instructed by Guns N' Roses' management that anyone wearing a Slash T-shirt not be allowed into the tour venue.[313]

Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction

On April 14, 2012, Guns N' Roses were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Slash, McKagan, Adler, Sorum and Clarke reunited for the induction.[314] Clarke, who was not inducted, performed at the request of Sorum.[315] The band performed "Mr. Brownstone", "Sweet Child o' Mine", and "Paradise City", with Alter Bridge and Myles Kennedy on lead vocals.[316]

Rose did not attend and had asked not to be inducted, writing in an open letter that the Hall of Fame "doesn't appear to be somewhere I'm actually wanted or respected". Stradlin and Reed also declined to attend the induction.[317] At the ceremony, the crowd booed Rose's name and chanted "Fuck Axl".[318] Afterwards, Rose released a statement saying he did did not understand the purpose of the Hall of Fame, how it was funded or how acts are chosen. In an interview, Slash said that none of the band initially wanted to take part and were uncertain of how it would proceed.[319]

Up Close and Personal and Appetite for Democracy tours

In early 2012, the band announced the upcoming Up Close and Personal Tour, with shows in the United States and Europe.[320] The shows themselves varied considerably in comparison to the previous Chinese Democracy Tour. All of the North American shows took place in smaller-scale clubs, not large arenas or stadiums.[321] [322] [323] All pyrotechnics were removed from the shows.

On August 13, 2012, the band announced a residency at The Joint in Las Vegas entitled "Appetite for Democracy", celebrating the 25th anniversary of Appetite for Destruction and the fourth anniversary of Chinese Democracy.[324] [325] On November 21, 2012, the band's performance in Vegas was taped in 3D and was screened across theaters in 2014 before being released as Appetite for Democracy 3D on July 1, 2014.[326] [327] [328] In October 2012, Guns N' Roses performed an acoustic set at Neil Young's Bridge School Benefit show.[329] The performance was widely panned by critics, and Rose claimed an onset of strep throat hampered his vocals.[330] [331] [332] [333] The band launched a South American tour in early 2014, including shows in Brazil and Portugal.[334] For several shows, former bassist Duff McKagan rejoined the band to fill in for Stinson, who had previous commitments to touring with The Replacements.[335] The group headlined the Revolver Golden Gods awards show, with McKagan on bass, on April 24, 2014. During the ceremony, Rose was awarded the Ronnie James Dio lifetime achievement award.[336] [337]

From May 21 to June 7, 2014, the band returned to Las Vegas for its second residency at The Joint, titled No Trickery! An Evening of Destruction.[338]

Progress on a follow-up to Chinese Democracy

In an MTV phone interview with Kurt Loder in 1999, Rose said he and the then-new band had recorded enough material for a double album. In an informal chat with Rolling Stone magazine in February 2006, Rose stated the band had 32 songs in the works.[339] While appearing on various fan message boards in December 2008, Rose stated several working titles of songs for a possible future album.[340] Former drummer Brain mentioned working on a 'club remix' of "Shackler's Revenge", stating that Rose planned to put out a remix album of songs from Chinese Democracy. Several band members mentioned they had been collaborating on ideas and working on a new album throughout the late 2000s and early 2010s.[341] [342] [343] In October 2012, Rose said, "All the guys are writing, and we recorded a lot of songs over the years. We'll figure out what we feel best about".[344]

In August 2013, a new song entitled "Going Down" was leaked online. The track features bassist Tommy Stinson on lead vocals, with Rose providing backing vocals. Bumblefoot confirmed the song to be legitimate on his Twitter.[345] Spin described it as "a country-tinged, mid-tempo lighter-raiser with lyrics about how "you've got nothin' good to say / Keep your mouth shut."[346]

In an interview in June 2014, Rose commented on upcoming plans:

Slash and McKagan rejoin, tour and future (2015–present)

On July 27, 2015, guitarist DJ Ashba left the band, citing his commitments to his family and his other band, [347] [348] Ashba released a statement saying "I have reached a point in my life where I feel it's time to dedicate myself to my band Sixx:A.M., my adoring wife and family, and to the many new adventures that the future holds for me."[349] Several days later, music journalist Gary Graff reported that a 'confirmed source within the band' had told him that Ron Thal had left the band after the 2014 tour. No official announcement from Thal or the band was made.[350] Tommy Stinson then left the band, citing personal reasons making him unavailable to tour.[351]

On December 29, 2015, several days after a Guns N' Roses-related teaser was released to movie theaters, Billboard reported that Slash was set to rejoin the band and a "reunited" lineup will headline Coachella 2016.[352] [353] Rose was set to appear on Jimmy Kimmel Live! the following week to talk about the future of the band, but his appearance was cancelled due to "unforeseen circumstances".[354] [355] Guns N' Roses was officially announced as the headliner of Coachella on January 4, 2016, with KROQ reporting Slash and Duff McKagan were rejoining the band.[356] [357] [358] The Coachella festival confirmed via press release that McKagan and Slash were rejoining.[359]

Not in This Lifetime... Tour

See main article: Not in This Lifetime... Tour. On March 25, 2016, the band announced the Not in This Lifetime... Tour.[360] The tour's name was a reference to a 2012 interview in which Rose, when asked about when a potential reunion would happen, responded "not in this lifetime".[361] A previously unannounced warmup gig at the Troubadour in Los Angeles took place on April 1, 2016.[362] [363] Melissa Reese replaced Chris Pitman as the second keyboardist after Pitman quit.[364] [365] During the show at the Troubadour, Rose fell off a monitor and broke his foot.[366] [367] Rose was given Dave Grohl's customized throne that Grohl had used to perform when he broke his leg at a concert.[368]

The band's first scheduled concerts with Slash and McKagan took place at the newly opened T-Mobile Arena on April 8 and 9, 2016.[369] [370] At the performance at the first weekend of Coachella, AC/DC guitarist Angus Young joined the band on stage (Rose was set to join AC/DC as a touring vocalist).[371] [372] During the band's show of July 6, 2016, in Cincinnati, former drummer Steven Adler joined the band on drums for "Out ta Get Me" and "My Michelle".[373] It was the first time since 1990 that Adler performed with the group.[374] Adler would later join the band at shows in Nashville,[375] Los Angeles,[376] and Buenos Aires.[377] The tour featured additional guest performers, including Sebastian Bach,[378] more appearances by Angus Young,[379] [380] [381] Angry Anderson,[382] [383] P!nk,[384] Billy Gibbons[385] and Dave Grohl.[386]

In November 2017, Guns N' Roses was announced as the headline act at the UK Download Festival in June 2018.[387] [388] In addition, they won Top Tour/Top Draw at the 2017 Billboard Touring Awards. They were nominated for Top Touring artist and Top Rock Tour, as well as Top Duo/Group at the 2017 Billboard Music Awards.[389] The next year, they were nominated again for Top Rock Tour and Top Touring artist.[390] They also headlined the 2018 Graspop Metal Meeting, alongside Iron Maiden and Marilyn Manson.[391] [392]

The tour was a financial success, grossing over $480 million by December 2017 and at that time was listed as the fourth highest-grossing concert tour of all-time.[393] [394] [395] [396] By the end of the tour in December 2018, the tour had grossed $563.3 million, making it the then second-highest grossing tour, behind U2's U2 360° Tour.[397]

Appetite for Destruction remaster

On April 30, 2018, billboards in several large cities, as well as a website (GNR.FM), were spotted with the tagline "Destruction Is Coming".[398] The website was updated with a countdown clock to May 4, 2018, and a snippet of the song "Shadow of Your Love" playing.[399] Journalist Mitch Lafon stated the campaign was for a deluxe edition of Appetite for Destruction.[400] A video announcement was inadvertently released a day early, detailing the "Appetite for Destruction: Locked N' Loaded" edition. The boxed set includes 73 songs on four CDs (49 of which were previously unreleased), seven 12-inch 180-gram LPs, remastered versions of Appetite, an EP of B-sides, a 96-page book with unreleased photos, 12 lithographs, and assorted replica memorabilia.[401] "Shadow of Your Love" was released as a single on May 4, 2018, the band's first single in almost a decade.[402] [403] To promote the release, a previously unseen music video for "It's So Easy" was released on Apple Music,[404] as well as several promotional singles. The box set was released on June 29, 2018, to universal critical acclaim.[405]

2020 Stadium Tour, new recordings and Use Your Illusion remaster

Rose discussed Slash and McKagan rejoining in a June 2016 interview, stating "It was always looked at as a possibility, but it never seemed right or felt right". During the interview, Rose also reiterated his intention to release new Guns N' Roses music in the future.[406] [407] Slash later commented on the tour, telling Aerosmith's Joey Kramer in an interview with WZLX that "We all were pretty positive (the reunion) would never happen, so it's still sort of blowing our minds. ... But everybody's really getting along great and I think everybody's come a long way, and it's all cool."[408] In 2017,[409] 2018,[410] 2019,[411] [412] and 2020,[413] various band members continued to discuss plans to release a new Guns N' Roses album.

In 2020, the band announced a North American stadium tour, as well as several festival dates, billed as a new tour instead of a continuation of the Not in This Lifetime... Tour.[414] In September 2020, the band's Greatest Hits album was re-released (with "Shadow of Your Love" added), including a vinyl pressing for the first time.[415] thumb|left|Guns N' Roses performing at Glastonbury 2023.In June 2021, Guns N' Roses announced they would return to the road with the We're F'n' Back Tour, touring the United States from July to October.[416] The tour was later announced to extend into 2022 with legs in Europe, Latin America, and Oceania.[417]

On August 6, 2021, after debuting the song onstage at Fenway Park a few days earlier, the band released the single "Absurd", their first new material released since 2008.[418] [419] On September 24, another single, "Hard Skool", was released.[420] Both singles are reworkings of songs from the Chinese Democracy sessions. The "Hard Skool" physical release was announced as both an EP and a vinyl single with different track listings, with the former released on February 25, 2022, featuring "Absurd" and live tracks.[421] [422]

Later in 2021, Slash stated that the band had been reworking Chinese-era songs for future release.[423] In 2022, he further confirmed that the band was working on more new songs that might be compiled later, stating "There's new Guns material coming out as we speak, and we'll probably keep putting it out until the entire record's worth of stuff is done".[424] He later said that two more of these singles would probably be released by June.[425]

On September 20, 2022, the band announced a remastered deluxe box set of the two Illusion albums, Use Your Illusion (Super Deluxe Edition), released November 11, 2022.[426] The box set features both albums remastered, alongside two live concerts from 1991 (New York) and 1992 (Las Vegas), a blu-ray of the New York concert, photographs & memorabilia.[427] The box set was preceded with a live version of "You Could Be Mine" as the lead single.[428]

Guns N' Roses continued touring with the Guns N' Roses 2023 Tour.[429] [430] On June 24, 2023, the band headlined Glastonbury Festival for the first time.[431] The performance garnered mixed reviews[432] [433] [434] [435] [436] – with some publications calling it one of the worst headlining sets in festival history – prompting the band to respond, claiming technical difficulties resulted in a poor mix.[437] [438] [439] [440]

On August 18, 2023, the band released a new single, the piano-driven song "Perhaps".[441] The song's 'R-side' "The General" was released digitally and on the Perhaps vinyl on December 8, 2023.[442]

Legacy, style and influence

Guns N' Roses signed with a major record label within eight months of the band's inception, and topped national sales charts weeks after garnering late hours airplay on MTV. Appetite for Destruction is the highest-selling debut album of all time in the United States.[443] [444]

Many music industry peers spoke highly of GNR. Joe Perry stated that the band was the first to remind him of Led Zeppelin.[445] Ozzy Osbourne stated that GNR could have been "the next Rolling Stones" if the classic lineup had stayed together.[446] Tom Petty also favorably compared the band to The Rolling Stones.[447] Country musician Steve Earle stated, in 1989, "Guns N' Roses are what every L.A. band pretends to be". Gangsta rap group N.W.A., whom Guns N' Roses were early supporters of and befriended, named a song "Appetite for Destruction" after the Guns album of the same name.[448] [449] However, not all peers were positive, Nirvana frontman Kurt Cobain stated that his band was "not your typical Guns N' Roses type of band that has absolutely nothing to say".[450] [451]

Early Guns N' Roses music was a fusion of punk rock, blues rock, hard rock, heavy metal, and glam metal. The Illusions albums saw the band branching out into art rock,[452] and featuring influences from progressive rock, folk rock, progressive metal, speed metal, funk metal, and industrial music.[453] [454] [455] "The Spaghetti Incident?" saw the group cover mostly punk rock songs.[456] [457] Since its 1999 revival, the band has retained hard rock and piano rock[458] [459] features while including elements of industrial rock, electronic rock, nu metal, industrial metal and trip hop. In the 1990s, the band integrated keyed instruments (played by either Rose or Reed) into the band.[460] Teddy Andreadis was brought in as an additional keyboardist & harmonica player for the Use Your Illusion Tour, alongside multiple backing vocalists and a brass and woodwind section. Later tours saw keyboardist Chris Pitman (and after 2016, Melissa Reese) contribute sub-bass and synth parts, as well as reproducing the brass and string parts of songs electronically.[461]

A heavy influence on both the image and sound of Guns N' Roses was the Finnish band Hanoi Rocks (singer Michael Monroe and Rose have collaborated on various occasions). Rose has stated that the band was massively influenced by groups like Queen,[462] AC/DC,[463] the Rolling Stones,[464] Aerosmith, and Rose Tattoo,[465] and that the sound of Appetite for Destruction was influenced by AC/DC, Led Zeppelin, The Who, Cheap Trick, Aerosmith, Van Halen, the New York Dolls, and Hanoi Rocks.[466] The band was also influenced by the likes of T. Rex,[467] the Sex Pistols,[468] Black Sabbath,[469] and Accept.[470] Rose's orchestral-style songwriting on the Illusion albums was influenced by the Electric Light Orchestra, Elton John, and Queen, particularly their album Queen II.[471] Rose cited the influence of Nirvana's "Smells Like Teen Spirit" in recording the title track of Chinese Democracy.[472] Rose was heavily influenced by the industrial rock sound of Nine Inch Nails, changing the band's sound in the lead up to Chinese Democracy. Critics noted influences of Queen, Wings and Andrew Lloyd Webber on some songs on Chinese Democracy.[473] [474] [475]

Guns N' Roses influenced many later rock bands such as Fall Out Boy,[476] Avenged Sevenfold,[477] [478] Mother Love Bone,[479] Buckcherry,[480] Hinder,[481] [482] Manic Street Preachers,[483] Nickelback,[484] Bullet for My Valentine,[485] Fozzy,[486] the Strokes,[487] Sum 41,[488] and Black Label Society.[489] The U.S. release of the PlayStation game Mega Man X5 had the names of the game's bosses changed in honor of the band.[490]

Appetite for Destruction is credited with "(changing) hard rock's sensibilities at the time",[491] and bringing a "danger, attitude and legitimacy" to rock,[492] leading to a decline in the late-80's glam metal craze.[493] [494] [495] [496] The band has been credited with helping re-popularize power ballads in heavy metal music.[497] "Welcome to the Jungle", frequently played at sporting events, is considered a sports anthem.[498] [499] [500] [501] [502] [503] [504]

In 2002, Q magazine named Guns N' Roses in its list of the "50 Bands to See Before You Die".[505] [506] The television network VH1 ranked Guns N' Roses ninth in its "100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock" special,[507] and also 32nd on its "100 Greatest Artists of All Time".[508] Appetite for Destruction was ranked 62nd greatest album of all time in Rolling Stone magazine's special issue "The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time".[509] In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked Guns N' Roses No. 92 on its list of the "100 Greatest Artists of All Time".[510] "Paradise City" has also been voted 9th-best "Best Hard Rock Song" out of 100 candidates by VH1.[511] Guns N' Roses was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on April 14, 2012, in its first year of eligibility.[512] The group is one of the world's best-selling bands of all time, having sold more than 100 million records worldwide,[513] [514] including shipments of 45 million in the United States.[515] Both the Use Your Illusion Tour and the Not in This Lifetime... Tour are among the most attended concert tours of all time. Their song "Sweet Child o' Mine" has the most views on YouTube for a 1980s music video, and "November Rain" has the most for a 1990s music video, becoming the first from that decade to reach 1 billion views.[516]

Several of the band's members are considered among the best in their respective fields and the world's most acclaimed—Rose has been called one of the best vocalists of all time,[517] [518] Slash ranked as one of the best guitar players of all time,[519] [520] and McKagan hailed as one of the best bass players in rock by publications ranging from Rolling Stone and NME to Time and Guitar World.[521] Izzy Stradlin was ranked as one of the best rhythm guitarists of all time by Ultimate Guitar,[522] [523] and Steven Adler was ranked as the 98th greatest drummer of all time by Rolling Stone.[524] Later members were also ranked among the best in their field: keyboardist Dizzy Reed ranked among the greatest rock pianists by IROCKU,[525] drummer Matt Sorum ranked among the best rock drummers by DRUM!,[526] guitarist Buckethead was ranked among the fastest and most innovative guitarists of all time by publications such as Allmusic and Guitar World,[527] [528] [529] and studio drummer Josh Freese ranked among the top 10 drummers by Gibson.[530]

Guns N' Roses has also received significant criticism throughout the years.[531] [532] [533] The band received criticism for drug and alcohol use in the 1980s and early 1990s.[534] Songs such as "One in a Million" and the band's cover of Charles Manson's "Look at Your Game, Girl" were considerably controversial upon release.[535] [536] [537] In addition, some lyrics have been regarded as sexist.[538] [539] [540] [541] [542] The band has also been criticized for and starting shows later than advertised.[543] [544] [545] [546] [547] The long periods of time between albums are another source of criticism.[548]

In October 2009, Ulrich Schnauss's record labels Independiente and Domino sued Guns N' Roses, alleging that the band had committed copyright infringement by using portions of Schnauss' compositions in the track "Riad N' the Bedouins" on the album Chinese Democracy.[549] The band claimed the samples were obtained legitimately.[550] Chinese Democracy was banned in the People's Republic of China, due to perceived criticism in its title track of the Government of the People's Republic of China and reference to the Falun Gong.[551] [552] The Chinese government said through the media that it "turns its spear point on China".[553] [554] In November 2023, the band was sued for copyright infringement (and their manager Fernando Lebeis was sued for sexual harassment) by their former photographer Katarina Benzova, claiming they "falsely claimed ownership" over photos she took and she suffered repeated unwanted advances from Lebeis during the twelve years she worked for the band.[555]

Band members

See main article: List of Guns N' Roses members. Current members

Discography

See main article: Guns N' Roses discography and songs.

Tours

Awards and nominations

See main article: List of awards and nominations received by Guns N' Roses. American Music Awards[556] [557] [558] [559]

Billboard Touring Awards[560]

MTV Video Music Awards[561] [562] [563] [564]

Revolver Golden Gods

World Music Awards

Bibliography

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Simon Young . Merlin Alderslade . March 3, 2023 . Here are the 20 longest-charting albums in the history of the Billboard 200 . loudersound . September 8, 2023 . September 8, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230908142529/https://www.loudersound.com/news/here-are-the-20-longest-charting-albums-in-the-history-of-the-billboard-200 . live .
  2. Web site: Dr. Rock . June 16, 2010 . Giving It Both Barrels: Dr Rock Takes On Tracii Guns Of The LA Guns . live . https://archive.today/20130204102528/http://thequietus.com/articles/04450-dr-rock-tracii-guns-interview-la-guns-nikki-sixx-poison-guns-n-roses . February 4, 2013 . June 9, 2015 . TheQuietus.com . Guns: 'And then I lasted for about seven or eight months in that, and then Axl and I got into an extraordinary fight ... and we did two shows after that argument and then I left. It just wasn't fun anymore.'.
  3. Web site: Rosen . Steven . October 11, 2017 . Tracii Guns: What Would GN'R Sound Like Had I Stayed in the Band . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171206005933/https://www.ultimate-guitar.com/news/interviews/tracii_guns_what_would_gnr_sound_like_had_i_stayed_in_the_band.html . December 6, 2017 . December 5, 2017 . ultimate-guitar.com.
  4. Web site: Trunk . Eddie . August 12, 2019 . A member of Guns N 'Roses reveals who fired Axl Rose . . August 15, 2019 . August 15, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190815083709/https://classicrockworld.org/a-member-of-guns-n-roses-reveals-who-fired-axl-rose/ . live .
  5. Book: Cue, Raz . The Days of Guns, & Raz's . 2017 . Luck University Press . 10 0-9827103 . 1st . 198–199 . After that second practice, another rehearsal was set for a tentative 'in a few days.' Ole neglected to tell anyone of his newest girlfriend, so when the next practice got scheduled, there was no way to get ahold of him. After three days of no one hearing from him, and rehearsal scheduled for the following evening, Izzy said, 'If Ole doesn't want to be in the band, there's a guy who lives across the street from me who'll do the show.' . October 23, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221023203357/https://razcue.com/free-days/ . October 23, 2022 . dead.
  6. Web site: Lerche . Otto . September 28, 2008 . Historien om Ole fra Guns N' Roses . The story of Ole from Guns N 'Roses . https://web.archive.org/web/20170603234132/https://politiken.dk/kultur/art5475509/Historien-om-Ole-fra-Guns-N-Roses . June 3, 2017 . June 9, 2015 . politiken.dk . da . According to Rob Gardner, Tracii and Axl set aside the Danish bassist, and when he subsequently did not change, they threw him out. Ole Beich himself has more explanations of the breach. To some of his friends, he explains that he was thrown out because he went to a concert instead of practicing Guns N 'Roses. The concert was canceled, but the others were unsure of Ole's lack of commitment and threw him out..
  7. Web site: GNRontour.com – GN'R Setlist Almanac 1985 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20190305105355/http://gnrontour.com/setlistalm85.htm . March 5, 2019 . February 1, 2022 . www.gnrontour.com.
  8. Web site: 1985.03.22 – L.A. Weekly – [Mention of the formation of the band] ]. February 1, 2022 . www.a-4-d.com . February 1, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220201015204/https://www.a-4-d.com/t4082-1985-03-22-l-a-weekly-mention-of-the-formation-of-the-band . live .
  9. Web site: 1985.03.24 – Interview with the band on KPFK . February 1, 2022 . www.a-4-d.com . February 1, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220201015207/https://www.a-4-d.com/t2845-1985-03-24-interview-with-the-band-on-kpfk . live .
  10. Cue . Raz . Guns N' Roses . Guns N' Roses First Radio Interview March 1985 . May 30, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180630214150/https://www.razcue.com/single-post/2018/03/08/Guns-N-Roses-First-Radio-Interview-March-1985 . June 30, 2018 . . March 1985.
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  12. Book: Davis, Stephen . Watch You Bleed: The Saga of Guns N' Roses . August 26, 2008 . Penguin Publishing Group . 978-1-4406-3928-9 . 58– . 2 . June 9, 2015 . https://books.google.com/books?id=1Jh4dkcw0nsC&pg=PT58.
  13. Book: Slash . Slash . Anthony Bozza . October 30, 2007 . HarperCollins . 978-0-06-135142-6.
  14. Book: McKagan, Duff . It's so Easy (and other lies) . Touchstone . Collaboration by Tim Mohr . 2011 . 978-1-4516-0664-5 . Stacy Creamer . 37.
  15. Web site: Dave Lifton . June 6, 2020 . 35 Years Ago: Guns N' Roses' Classic Lineup Plays First Show . August 11, 2021 . Ultimate Classic Rock . August 11, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210811064639/https://ultimateclassicrock.com/guns-n-roses-first-show/ . live .
  16. News: Spurrier . Jeff . July 6, 1986 . Guns N' Roses: Bad Boys Give It Their Best Shot . . December 18, 2011 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20121011060951/http://articles.latimes.com/1986-07-06/entertainment/ca-22880_1_bad-boys . October 11, 2012.
  17. Web site: Katherine Love . Wallace Morgan . Joseph Hudak . Keith Harris . Maura Johnston . Maura Johnston . Dan Epstein . November 24, 2015 . 50 Wildest Guns N' Roses Moments:June 7th, 1985: The Hell Tour . https://web.archive.org/web/20151126233644/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/50-wildest-guns-n-roses-moments-20151124/june-7th-1985-the-hell-tour-20151119 . November 26, 2015 . December 5, 2017 . RollingStone.com.
  18. Web site: Blow . Paul Diamond . Guns N' Roses, the Early Days: 1985 "Hell Tour" to Seattle. A First Hand Account of Guns N' Roses First Show in Seattle, June of 1985 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151110122642/http://paulblow.tripod.com/guns-n-roses-hell-tour.html . November 10, 2015 . December 5, 2017.
  19. Book: McKagan, Duff . It's so Easy (and other lies) . Touchstone . Collaboration by Tim Mohr . 2011 . 978-1-4516-0664-5 . Stacy Creamer . 38.
  20. 2013 . Guns N' Roses' Early Days: Exclusive Photos from the book Reckless Road . live . Rolling Stone . https://web.archive.org/web/20150704004106/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/pictures/guns-n-146-roses-146-early-days-20100301/guns-n-roses-june-6-1985-87502010 . July 4, 2015 . June 29, 2015.
  21. News: 2008 . Guns N' Roses – Biography on Bio. . bio. . TheBiographyChannel.co.uk . dead . June 29, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20091208190634/http://www.thebiographychannel.co.uk/biographies/guns-n-roses.html . December 8, 2009.
  22. Book: McKagan, Duff . It's so Easy (and other lies) . Touchstone . Collaboration by Tim Mohr . 2011 . 978-1-4516-0664-5 . Stacy Creamer . 52.
  23. Web site: Jeff Giles . March 25, 2016 . How Guns N' Roses Ended Up Signing With Geffen Records . August 10, 2021 . Ultimate Classic Rock . August 11, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210811064638/https://ultimateclassicrock.com/guns-n-roses-geffen/ . live .
  24. January 26, 1989 . G N' R Lies . live . Rolling Stone . https://web.archive.org/web/20171206005848/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/g-n-r-lies-19890126 . December 6, 2017 . December 5, 2017.
  25. Web site: Voland . John . December 28, 1987 . Pop Review : Guns N' Roses Glam-Slams With Noisy Aggressiveness . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160723072445/http://articles.latimes.com/1987-12-28/entertainment/ca-21295_1_n-roses . July 23, 2016 . December 5, 2017 . Los Angeles Times.
  26. Book: McKagan, Duff . It's so Easy (and other lies) . Touchstone . Collaboration by Tim Mohr . 2011 . 978-1-4516-0664-5 . Stacy Creamer . 55.
  27. Web site: Eduardo Rivadavia . December 16, 2016 . Why Guns N' Roses' 'Live ?!*@ Like a Suicide' Wasn't Really Live . September 29, 2021 . Ultimate Classic Rock . September 29, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210929082148/https://ultimateclassicrock.com/guns-n-roses-live-like-a-suicide/ . live .
  28. Axl Rose: Biography . dead . Rolling Stone . https://web.archive.org/web/20110924233647/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/axl-rose/biography . September 24, 2011 . June 6, 2011.
  29. Web site: July 21, 2022 . 31 Years Ago: Guns N' Roses Issue 'Appetite for Destruction' . Loudwire . October 19, 2018 . October 17, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181017163125/http://loudwire.com/guns-n-roses-appetite-for-destruction-album-anniversary/ . live .
  30. Web site: Colette Claire . July 21, 2019 . Guns N' Roses Conquered the Rock World with Appetite for Destruction . August 11, 2021 . Consequence . August 11, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210811064636/https://consequence.net/2019/07/guns-n-roses-appetite-for-destruction-album-anniversary/ . live .
  31. Book: McKagan, Duff . It's So Easy (and other Lies) . Mohr, Tim . Simon & Schuster . 2011 . 118, 120.
  32. Hiatt, Brian . August 2007 . The Making of 'Appetite for Destruction' . dead . Rolling Stone Australia . 1032 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090302022602/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/coverstory/15690883 . March 2, 2009 . October 8, 2007.
  33. Book: Adler . Steven . My Appetite for Destruction: Sex, and Drugs, and Guns N' Roses . Spagnola . Lawrence J. . It Books . 2010 . 978-0-06-191711-0 . 118.
  34. Web site: Hendrick . Michael . October 17, 1987 . Guns N' Roses: They Are What They Are . live . http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20150704222816/http://articles.mcall.com/1987-10-17/entertainment/2607351_1_roses-slash-band . July 4, 2015 . July 3, 2015 . tribunedigital-mcall.
  35. Web site: Hartmann . Graham . July 20, 2012 . 'Appetite For Destruction' Album Art Banned – 25 Most Destructive Guns N' Roses Moments . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150505075056/http://loudwire.com/appetite-for-destruction-album-art-banned-25-most-destructive-guns-n-roses-moments/ . May 5, 2015 . May 4, 2015 . Loudwire.com.
  36. Web site: Hewitt . Ben . July 25, 2012 . 25 Things You Might Not Know About 'Appetite For Destruction' . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150413185300/http://www.nme.com/blogs/nme-blogs/25-things-you-might-not-know-about-appetite-for-destruction . April 13, 2015 . May 4, 2015 . NME.
  37. News: Goldstein . Patrick . August 16, 1987 . Geffen's Guns N' Roses Fires A Volley At PMRC . Los Angeles Times . live . June 9, 2015 . http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20150609134502/http://articles.latimes.com/1987-08-16/entertainment/ca-1533_1_artwork . June 9, 2015.
  38. Web site: Fisher . Mark . 2008 . Lucem Fero – Album Reviews – Guns N' Roses – Appetite for Destruction . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304091618/http://www.lucemfero.com/gunsnroses_appetitefordestruction.php . March 4, 2016 . June 23, 2015 . lucemfero.com.
  39. Web site: Michael Christopher . July 19, 2017 . Guns N' Roses Destroy a Friend's Country Song With 'It's So Easy': The Story Behind Every 'Appetite for Destruction' Song . August 11, 2021 . Ultimate Classic Rock . August 11, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210811064714/https://ultimateclassicrock.com/guns-n-roses-its-so-easy/ . live .
  40. Web site: Guns N' Roses . December 17, 2008 . . May 8, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190508182655/https://www.officialcharts.com/artists/ . live .
  41. Web site: Michael Gallucci . July 18, 2017 . Guns N' Roses Make One Hell of an Introduction With 'Welcome to the Jungle': The Story Behind Every 'Appetite for Destruction' Song . August 11, 2021 . Ultimate Classic Rock . August 11, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210811064637/https://ultimateclassicrock.com/guns-n-roses-welcome-to-the-jungle/ . live .
  42. Web site: AC Speed . February 13, 2020 . MTV studios literally burst into flames the first time they played 'Welcome To The Jungle' by Guns N' Roses . August 11, 2021 . RawMusicTV . August 11, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210811064638/https://www.rawmusictv.com/article/amp/2020/MTV-studios-literally-caught-fire-the-first-time-they-played-Welcome-To-The-Jungle-by-Guns-N-Roses.php . live .
  43. Book: King, Tom . The Operator: David Geffen Builds, Buys, and Sells the New Hollywood . 2001 . Broadway Books . 978-0-7679-0757-6 . New York . 430.
  44. Spitz . Marc . Marc Spitz . July 1999 . What the World Needs Now is Axl Rose: The Unauthorized Saga of Rock's Greatest Recluse . . New York City, NY, USA . 15 . 80–93 . 0886-3032 . March 29, 2018 . 7.
  45. Web site: Brown . Lane . August 26, 2008 . Exclusive Excerpt: Stephen Davis's 'Watch You Bleed: The Saga of Guns N' Roses' . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150505075342/http://www.vulture.com/2008/08/exclusive_excerpt.html . May 5, 2015 . May 4, 2015 . Vulture.com.
  46. . "Jungle was re-released as a single and came out in the same months as the latest Dirty Harry movie 'The Dead Pool'. Featuring Guns' in a cameo role playing at a club in Miami."
  47. Tim Grierson . Kory Grow . Daniel Kreps . Tom Mallon . Brandon Soderberg . October 31, 2014 . Guns N' Roses, 'The Dead Pool' (1988) . live . Rolling Stone . https://web.archive.org/web/20150227145332/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/rockers-20-best-appearances-in-eighties-horror-movies-20141031/guns-n-roses-the-dead-pool-1988-20141031 . February 27, 2015 . April 23, 2015.
  48. Web site: Michael Gallucci . July 26, 2017 . Guns N' Roses Hit the Top With 'Sweet Child o' Mine': The Story Behind Every 'Appetite for Destruction' Song . August 11, 2021 . Ultimate Classic Rock . August 11, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210811064642/https://ultimateclassicrock.com/guns-n-roses-sweet-child-o-mine/ . live .
  49. 100 Greatest Songs of the 80s (Hour 5) . The Greatest (TV series) . June 9, 2015 . 1 . The Greatest (TV series) . VH1 . 171 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20171107030059/http://www.vh1.com/episodes/3ae2iz/the-greatest-100-greatest-songs-of-the-80s-hour-5-ep-171 . November 7, 2017.
  50. Dome . Malcolm . Malcolm Dome . August 5, 1987 . Guns N' Roses Marquee, London (two nights) . . 151 . June 21, 2015 . June 7, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120607093946/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/articles/showarticle.php?articleid=148 . live .
  51. News: Russell . Xavier . June 19, 1987 . Guns N' Roses: Review Of Their First Ever UK Show . . live . June 21, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141205040328/http://metalhammer.teamrock.com/reviews/1987-06-19/guns-n-roses-review-of-their-first-ever-uk-show . December 5, 2014.
  52. Web site: Guns N' Roses Billboard Singles . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120106025517/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/guns-n-roses-p4416/charts-awards/billboard-singles . January 6, 2012 . December 18, 2011 . AllMusic.
  53. Web site: Michael Gallucci . July 23, 2017 . Guns N' Roses Sorta Celebrate the Good Life in 'Paradise City': The Story Behind Every 'Appetite for Destruction' Song . August 11, 2021 . Ultimate Classic Rock . August 11, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210811064640/https://ultimateclassicrock.com/guns-n-roses-paradise-city/ . live .
  54. Web site: October 23, 2008 . Guns N' Roses New Album Looms . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090213122711/http://news.sky.com/skynews/Home/Showbiz-News/Guns-N-Roses-To-Release-New-Album---Axl-Rose-Is-The-Only-Original-Remaining-Member/Article/200810415127112 . February 13, 2009 . December 18, 2011 . Sky News.
  55. Wyman . Bill . January 4, 2013 . Did "Thriller" Really Sell a Hundred Million Copies? . live . The New Yorker . http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20151026143746/http://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/did-thriller-really-sell-a-hundred-million-copies . October 26, 2015 . September 17, 2015.
  56. Web site: RIAA: Gold & Platinum albums . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170216154105/https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=top_tallies&ttt=DA#search_section . February 16, 2017 . March 19, 2018 . Recording Industry Association of America.
  57. Ask Billboard: Best Selling Debut Album, Dido, Australian Acts Trying To Crack The U.S. Market . Caulfield . Keith . October 3, 2008 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20130918064323/http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1043884/ask-billboard-best-selling-debut-album-dido-australian-acts-trying-to-crack . September 18, 2013 . dead . February 6, 2018.
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  146. News: It's No Illusion: Guns N' Roses Does Charles Manson. Hochman. Steve. November 21, 1993. Los Angeles Times. May 7, 2015. live. https://archive.today/20160414175411/http://articles.latimes.com/1993-11-21/entertainment/ca-59128_1_charles-manson. April 14, 2016.
  147. Web site: Guns N' Roses under fire for Manson 'bonus' song. Considine. J.D.. December 3, 1993. The Baltimore Sun, Tribune Publishing. May 7, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20171222000420/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1993-12-03/features/1993337105_1_charles-manson-record-a-song-spaghetti-incident. December 22, 2017.
  148. News: Guns N' Roses to Stick With Manson Song on Album: Convict's royalties from 'Girl' will be paid to the son of one of those killed in a spree masterminded by the cult leader. Philips. Chuck. December 8, 1993. Los Angeles Times . May 7, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150518133702/http://articles.latimes.com/1993-12-08/entertainment/ca-65317_1_charles-manson-song. May 18, 2015.
  149. Web site: Bring Out The Manson. March 1994. . May 7, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150518073224/http://www.oocities.org/rattlesnake_suitcase/qmanson94.htm. May 18, 2015.
  150. News: Guns N' Roses May Remove Manson Song From Album. Philips. Chuck. December 1, 1993. Los Angeles Times. May 7, 2015. live. https://archive.today/20160414175418/http://articles.latimes.com/1993-12-01/local/me-62793_1_charles-manson. April 14, 2016.
  151. News: Victim's Son Gets Manson Royalties. December 26, 1993. The New York Times. May 7, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402130611/http://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/26/us/victim-s-son-gets-manson-royalties.html. April 2, 2015.
  152. May 24, 1994 . War Of The Roses! (Gilby Clarke interview) . Kerrang! . 494 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150317014405/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/articles/showarticle.php?articleid=60 . March 17, 2015 .
  153. Web site: For Immediate Release: Guns N' Roses Launch "Chinese Democracy" Tour In China . August 14, 2002 . https://web.archive.org/web/20020915091434/http://gnronline.com/ . September 15, 2002 . dead . March 28, 2018.
  154. Web site: Music News Of The World – August 30, 1996: Guns N' Roses Enter Studio To Record New Album . Howell . Peter . August 30, 1996 . Addict.com . https://web.archive.org/web/19990825110928/http://www.addict.com/html/lofi/MNOTW/display-news.cgi?96-08-30 . August 25, 1999 . dead . March 28, 2018.
  155. Web site: Matt Sorum – 1996. 1996 . May 4, 2015. February 8, 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20090208230536/http://qfg.info/misc/mattsorum96.txt.
  156. Web site: Allmusic: Gilby Clarke's Pawnshop Guitars. Allmusic.com. All Media Network. May 7, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150311010044/http://www.allmusic.com/album/pawnshop-guitars-mw0000112792. March 11, 2015.
  157. Web site: Four Bust-ups And A Single!. November 1994. . April 24, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150317020545/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/articles/showarticle.php?articleid=125. March 17, 2015.
  158. News: EW takes a look at 1994's movie soundtracks. David. Browne. 1994. Entertainment Weekly's EW.com. April 25, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505075134/http://www.ew.com/article/1994/12/16/ew-takes-look-1994s-movie-soundtracks. May 5, 2015.
  159. Web site: The Guns 'N Roses Report. January 13, 1997. heretodaygonetohell.com; addict.com. April 24, 2015. Huge's presence didn't sit well with Slash, who reportedly has 'creative and personal' differences with the latest Rose writing collaborator, which played a part in his decision to leave the band.'. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505061605/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/news/shownews.php?newsid=6. May 5, 2015.
  160. Book: Slash. Anthony Bozza. Slash. October 30, 2007. HarperCollins. 978-0-06-135142-6. 576.
  161. Web site: Gilby Clarke Opens Up About His Final Guns N' Roses Gig. Jeff. Giles. October 11, 2014. Ultimate Classic Rock. April 25, 2015. 'My official end was actually at the last show of the last tour,' he continued. 'Axl was jokingly saying "bye" to everybody, but he was really saying "bye: to everybody. He even came up to me and said, "Hey, enjoy your last show.. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150518194252/http://ultimateclassicrock.com/gilby-clarke-final-guns-n-roses-gig/. May 18, 2015.
  162. Web site: Book Excerpt: Duff McKagan Recalls the Bitter Dispute Over the Guns N' Roses Pinball Machine. May 11, 2015. LA Weekly. Brian Calle. May 16, 2015. it was a forgone [sic] conclusion that Gilby would be in the band ... his picture was included on the big mural on the game ... suddenly [he] wasn't in the band anymore. Gilby sued us for using his likeness on the machine. https://web.archive.org/web/20180103214421/https://www.laweekly.com/music/book-excerpt-duff-mckagan-recalls-the-bitter-dispute-over-the-guns-n-roses-pinball-machine-5557829. January 3, 2018. live.
  163. Web site: 1995: Chinese Whispers / 1995 / GNR Evolution – Guns N Roses Forum. www.gnrevolution.com. May 21, 2020. August 1, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200801112715/http://www.gnrevolution.com/viewtopic.php?id=3350. live.
  164. Web site: Axl Rose Buys "Guns N' Roses" Name. Mark. Brown. January 30, 1997. MTV News. Viacom. April 24, 2015. Guns N' Roses leader Axl Rose has bought the rights to the name 'Guns N' Roses,' and can put out any music he wants under that moniker, played by anyone he chooses. https://web.archive.org/web/20170630062052/http://www.mtv.com/news/508988/axl-rose-buys-guns-n-roses-name/. June 30, 2017. dead.
  165. Web site: Axl Rose Buys "Guns N' Roses" Name. Mark. Brown. January 30, 1997. heretodaygonetohell.com; Addicted To Noise. April 24, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20101216081305/http://heretodaygonetohell.com/news/shownews.php?newsid=7. December 16, 2010.
  166. Axl Rose on stealing Slash's song and other online rants. Andy. Greene. December 15, 2008. Rolling Stone. April 24, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150519135119/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/did-axl-rose-swindle-guns-n-roses-and-steal-slashs-song-a-guide-to-roses-online-rants-20081215. May 19, 2015.
  167. Web site: G n' R Songwriter West Arkeen Dies. June 2, 1997. MTV News. . July 2, 2015. The album boast strong G n' R connections: Axl Rose, Slash and Duff McKagan appear as guests (Rose sings backup on the title track), and former G n' R member Izzy Stradlin co-wrote one of the songs. https://web.archive.org/web/20170630062046/http://www.mtv.com/news/1429815/g-n-r-songwriter-west-arkeen-dies/. June 30, 2017.
  168. Graft . Garry . January 1997 . Slash: Exclusive: His Last Guns N' Roses Interview . . United Kingdom . . March 29, 2018 . oocities.org . 26 . July 9, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150709223727/http://www.oocities.org/rattlesnake_suitcase/tg1997.htm . live .
  169. Web site: G n' R's Blizzard Of Acrimony. November 8, 1996. MTV News. April 24, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150519022453/http://www.mtv.com/news/1429823/g-n-rs-blizzard-of-acrimony. May 19, 2015. dead.
  170. Web site: Guns Go Clink. May 22, 1997. MTV News. Viacom. April 24, 2015. sources say former Nine Inch Nails guitarist Robin Finck will be the new primary axe-slinger. Finck is said to be replacing Slash who left the band last year over creative differences. June 30, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170630060815/http://www.mtv.com/news/1429816/guns-go-clink/. dead.
  171. News: Harkness. Geoff. SEVEN QUESTIONS with Matt Sorum of The Cult. Lawrence Journal-World. Ogden Newspapers of Kansas LLC. June 28, 2001. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20080914002401/http://www2.ljworld.com/news/2001/jun/28/seven_questions_with/. September 14, 2008. July 3, 2015. Axl were having some differences in the musical direction. In '97 I got into an argument with Axl about the state of the band. He'd brought in another guitar player, Paul Huge, and none of us really wanted to play with him. Axl really wanted him in the band and we didn't really want to play with the guy. Me and Duff were showing up, trying to be professional and get the work done but it just didn't seem to be going anywhere, and obviously it still hasn't.
  172. Web site: Didn't You Used To Be Axl Rose?. May 2001. Q . July 2, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20110530003051/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/articles/showarticle.php?articleid=42. May 30, 2011.
  173. Web site: Chris Vrenna Reveals That Queens of the Stone Age Drummer Auditioned with Guns N' Roses!. October 30, 2018. March 2, 2019. October 19, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191019155028/https://gnrcentral.com/2018/10/30/chris-vrenna-reveals-that-queens-of-the-stone-age-drummer-auditioned-with-guns-n-roses/. dead.
  174. Web site: What Could Have Been: Zakk Wylde Talks Guns N' Roses. gibson.com. Peter. Hodgson. January 5, 2012. May 19, 2014. It could have been one of the most interesting heavy music collaborations in rock history: Zakk Wylde as a member of Guns N' Roses ... And it very nearly happened in the mid-1990s. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20140423045023/http://www2.gibson.com/News-Lifestyle/Features/en-us/zakk-guns-and-roses-0105-2012.aspx. April 23, 2014.
  175. 'I Spent A Week Jammin' With Guns N' Roses'. Zakk Wylde to join GN'R?!. Kerrang! . 530. January 28, 1995. May 4, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150317020042/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/articles/showarticle.php?articleid=65. March 17, 2015.
  176. Web site: Zakk Wylde on What Guns N' Roses Would Have Sounded Like If He Had Joined. Hart. Josh. January 5, 2012. guitarworld.com. New Bay media . April 30, 2015. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20120108195231/http://www.guitarworld.com/zakk-wylde-what-guns-n-roses-would-have-sounded-if-he-had-joined. January 8, 2012.
  177. Web site: Michael Bland. https://web.archive.org/web/20180319101103/https://www.moderndrummer.com/2006/08/michael-bland-2/. March 19, 2018. Billy. Amendola. August 1, 2006. Modern Drummer. August 18, 2015.
  178. Web site: Guns N' Roses Central Interview: Kellii Scott Drummer (Failure, Dumpster). https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/W6MjenW6IxY . December 21, 2021 . live. Guns N' Roses Central. May 30, 2018. YouTube.
  179. Appetite for Deconstruction. April 4, 1997. Rolling Stone. April 24, 2015. Rolling Stone's Random Notes Daily News reports that this is the current GN'R line-up: Vocals: Axl Rose, Bass: Duff McKagan, Rhythm Guitar: Paul Huge, Lead Guitar: Robin Finck (ex Nine Inch Nails), Drums: Chris Vrenna (ex Nine Inch Nails). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505061200/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/news/shownews.php?newsid=11. May 5, 2015.
  180. Book: McKagan, Duff. 2011. It's so Easy (and other lies). Touchstone. 123. 978-1-4516-0664-5. Stacy Creamer. Collaboration by Tim Mohr.
  181. Web site: The History of GN'R: The Shocking Truth 1996–99. HereTodayGoneToHell.com. July 2, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150618040859/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/history/history9699.php. June 18, 2015.
  182. Fox . Brian . April 2009 . Guns N' Roses Chinese Democracy: Tommy Stinson, The Ultimate Replacement Talks Tone & Turmoul . . June 8, 2018 . June 12, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143411/http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/guns-n-roses-bassist-talks-chinese-democracy/ . live .
  183. Whammy Bar: News & Notes. September 1998. Guitar World. Future Publishing. 27, 29, 31. February 1, 2020. Guns N' Roses, whose lineup gone through more changes than the Florida Marlins lately, has announced a new configuration that features ex-Nine Inch Nails Nails guitarist Robin Finck, ex-Replacements bassist Tommy Stinson and session drummer Josh Freese. No word yet on when a new Guns N' Roses album will surface.. the Internet Archive.
  184. Web site: Here Today ... Gone To Hell! Guns N' Roses 'Use Your Illusion'. heretodaygonetohell.com. September 22, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304040542/http://heretodaygonetohell.com/releases/use-your-illusion/index.html. March 4, 2016.
  185. Web site: Guns N' Roses To Release Two-CD Live Set. Gil. Kaufman. October 16, 1999. Music News of the World. April 24, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150518083352/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/news/shownews.php?newsid=182. May 18, 2015 . heretodaygonetohell.com.
  186. Track List Revealed for Live G n' R Set. Richard. Skanse. October 29, 1999. Rolling Stone . April 24, 2015. 'Believe it or not, it's still a very mutual effort,' Slash said of the long process of selecting material. 'All things considered, it's as close as we ever got.'. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150518083356/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/news/shownews.php?newsid=186. May 18, 2015 . heretodaygonetohell.com.
  187. Guitar World Presents: Guitar Legends – Slash #76 pg.17
  188. News: The Pop Life; Failure's Hard But Success Can Be Worse. Strauss. Neil. July 23, 1998. The New York Times . April 30, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505055627/http://www.nytimes.com/1998/07/23/arts/the-pop-life-failure-s-hard-but-success-can-be-worse.html. May 5, 2015.
  189. Web site: Moby To Produce Guns N' Roses?. John. Bitzer. March 18, 1997. heretodaygonetohell.com; Allstarmag.com. April 24, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505061058/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/news/shownews.php?newsid=8. May 5, 2015.
  190. Web site: Axl Rose Finds A Producer ... Yet Again. April 22, 1998. MTV News. Viacom. April 24, 2015. Youth and the band are still months away from recording. Rose and cohorts are reportedly still in writing mode with no completed songs at this time.. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505060137/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/news/shownews.php?newsid=52. May 5, 2015.
  191. Web site: Guns N' Roses To Go Techno?. March 19, 1997. heretodaygonetohell.com; addict.com. April 24, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505061525/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/news/shownews.php?newsid=9. May 5, 2015.
  192. Web site: Axl Records With Queen Producer. Sorelle. Saidman. April 28, 2000. MTV News. April 24, 2015. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150518092117/http://www.mtv.com/news/1429766/axl-records-with-queen-producer/. May 18, 2015.
  193. Guns n' Roses Eye Producer. Sorelle. Saidman. September 20, 1998. Rolling Stone. April 24, 2015. Sources at Geffen say the company is hoping for a mid-1999 release of the new album. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505073554/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/guns-n-roses-eye-producer-19980918. May 5, 2015.
  194. Web site: Guns N' Roses 2-part article. Dave. Everley. August 21, 1999. Kerrang!. April 24, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150317013934/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/articles/showarticle.php?articleid=27. March 17, 2015.
  195. Web site: Axl Rose – A conversation with Kurt Loder. Kurt. Loder. MTV US. heretodaygonetohell.com; MTV. November 3, 1999. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035353/http://heretodaygonetohell.com/news/shownews.php?newsid=200. March 4, 2016.
  196. Web site: Axl Rose Describes Upcoming Album. Gil. Kaufman. November 10, 1999. Music News of the World. April 24, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505061157/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/news/shownews.php?newsid=195. May 5, 2015.
  197. Web site: 'Oh My God,' Guns N' Roses Finally Has A New Song. Saidman. Sorelle. September 8, 1999. MTV.com. May 4, 2015. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505073059/http://www.mtv.com/news/1429778/oh-my-god-guns-n-roses-finally-has-a-new-song/. May 5, 2015.
  198. Axl Speaks Out. Richard. Skanse. September 22, 1999. Rolling Stone. April 23, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505073604/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/axl-speaks-out-19990922. May 5, 2015.
  199. Web site: Robin Finck Leaves Guns N' Roses, Rejoins Nine Inch Nails. Carrie. Borzillo. August 4, 1999. heretodaygonetohell.com; allstarnews.com. April 24, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505074255/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/news/shownews.php?newsid=149. May 5, 2015.
  200. Web site: Beneath The Bucket, Behind The Mask: Kurt Loder Meets GN'R's Buckethead. Loder. Kurt. November 21, 2002. MTV.com. May 16, 2015. But what sets (Brian) Carroll decisively apart from the pack is the outré 'Buckethead' persona he's so painstakingly created.. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150517004451/http://www.mtv.com/news/1458813/beneath-the-bucket-behind-the-mask-kurt-loder-meets-gnrs-buckethead/. May 17, 2015.
  201. Web site: Buckethead In, Freese Out. Sorelle. Saidman. March 15, 2000. heretodaygonetohell.com; MTV.com. April 24, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505092557/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/news/shownews.php?newsid=234. May 5, 2015.
  202. Web site: Josh Freese Leaves Guns N' Roses. Kevin. Raub. March 14, 2000. heretodaygonetohell.com; Allstarmag.com. April 24, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505092455/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/news/shownews.php?newsid=233. May 5, 2015.
  203. Web site: Guns N' Roses Make Buckethead, Robin Finck, & Bob Ezrin Official. Carrie. Borzillo-Vrenna. October 30, 2000. heretodaygonetohell.com; Allstarmag.com. April 24, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505093036/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/news/shownews.php?newsid=297. May 5, 2015.
  204. Web site: Building a Better Democracy. Hyden. Steven. July 23, 2013. Grantland.com. ESPN; Grantland. May 17, 2015. Rose hired Queen producer Roy Thomas Baker to help shepherd the album to completion. Only Baker did the opposite — he talked Axl into rerecording all of the songs, in spite of the monumental expense. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150616055730/http://grantland.com/features/justin-timberlake-daft-punk-chinese-democracy-effect/. June 16, 2015.
  205. Rolling Stone 833: Axl Speaks. David. Wild. February 3, 2000. Rolling Stone. April 23, 2015. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150518113535/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/axl-speaks-20000203?page=3. May 18, 2015.
  206. Web site: Axl interview Rock & Pop FM Argentina. January 22, 2001. HereTodayGoneToHell.com. Rock & Pop FM. June 13, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150317014350/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/articles/showarticle.php?articleid=38. March 17, 2015.
  207. Web site: Guns N' Roses Ante Up For Another New Year's Eve In Vegas. Moss. Corey. December 4, 2001. MTV.com. May 17, 2015. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150801223024/http://www.mtv.com/news/1451313/guns-n-roses-ante-up-for-another-new-years-eve-in-vegas/. August 1, 2015.
  208. Web site: Slash Barred From Guns N' Roses Show. Mancini. Al. December 31, 2001. ABCnews.com. American Broadcasting Company. May 17, 2015. Speaking briefly with ABCNEWS Radio, Slash said he tried to get in, but couldn't. A security guard confirmed his account, blaming band frontman Axl Rose for the exclusion. August 1, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200801113304/https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/story?id=101322. live.
  209. Web site: Guns N' Roses Trade Paul Huge For Psychedelic Furs' Guitarist. Sorelle. Saidman. July 17, 2002. cdnow.com. April 24, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150505061641/http://www.heretodaygonetohell.com/news/shownews.php?newsid=470. May 5, 2015.
  210. Web site: Guns N' Roses's Axl Rose to collaborate with Weezer?. August 19, 2002. Blabbermouth.net. Krgin. Borivoj. May 17, 2015. last week when they praised each other's bands before the 30,000+ in attendance at Summer Sonic Festival. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150710000937/http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/guns-n-roses-axl-rose-to-collaborate-with-weezer/. July 10, 2015.
  211. Web site: Guns N' Roses: Pukkelpop Festival performance to be webcast. August 24, 2002. Blabbermouth.net. May 17, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150709225402/http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/guns-n-roses-pukkelpop-festival-performance-to-be-webcast/. July 9, 2015.
  212. Web site: Guns N' Roses cap night of spectacles from Diddy, Eminem, Timberlake. Jon. Wiederhorn. August 29, 2002. MTV News. April 23, 2015. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150802050634/http://www.mtv.com/news/1457257/guns-n-roses-cap-night-of-spectacles-from-diddy-eminem-timberlake/. August 2, 2015.
  213. Web site: Fans riot after Guns N' Roses tour Kickoff Canceled: Kurt Loder Reports. Kurt Loder. MTV News staff. November 8, 2002. MTV News. April 23, 2015. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150508081313/http://www.mtv.com/news/1458577/fans-riot-after-guns-n-roses-tour-kickoff-canceled-kurt-loder-reports/. May 8, 2015.
  214. Web site: Guns N' Roses storm New York; sold out shows, guest stars & fanatic audiences; next up – European tour. May 22, 2006. businesswire.com. April 23, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150709122057/http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20060522005907/en/Guns-Roses-Storm-York-Sold-Shows-Guest. July 9, 2015.
  215. Web site: Guns N' Roses dates canceled. https://web.archive.org/web/20141112104741/http://www.mtv.com/news/1459058/guns-n-roses-dates-canceled/. November 12, 2014. dead. Jon. Wiederhorn. MTV. December 9, 2002. March 26, 2013.
  216. Web site: New GN'R Tune Leaked By ... Mets Catcher Mike Piazza?! . September 2, 2003 . August 7, 2017 . Dangelo . Joe . . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20170704163411/http://www.mtv.com/news/1477813/new-gnr-tune-leaked-by-mets-catcher-mike-piazza/ . July 4, 2017.
  217. News: The Most Expensive Album Never Made. Leeds. Jeff. March 6, 2005. The New York Times . March 19, 2018. March 29, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180329092655/https://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/06/arts/music/the-most-expensive-album-never-made.html. live.
  218. Web site: GN'R: 'Chinese Democracy' Coming Soon?. Ultimate-guitar.com. November 11, 2010. April 8, 2008. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20110815082724/http://www.ultimate-guitar.com/news/upcoming_releases/gnr_chinese_democracy_coming_soon.html. August 15, 2011.
  219. Web site: Guns N' Roses' manager slams NY Times over 'rubbish' 'Chinese Democracy' article . March 6, 2005 . Blabbermouth.net . November 17, 2007 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924143359/http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/guns-n-roses-manager-slams-ny-times-over-rubbish-chinese-democracy-article/ . September 24, 2015.
  220. News: A long wait, a fast fall. March 14, 2012. Randy. Lewis. December 13, 2008. Los Angeles Times. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20090326083242/http://articles.latimes.com/2008/dec/13/entertainment/et-chinese13. March 26, 2009.
  221. Guns N' Roses' Chinese Democracy, at Last. March 19, 2018. Josh. Tyrangiel. November 20, 2008. Time . live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160503013303/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1860911,00.html. May 3, 2016.
  222. Web site: 33 insane facts about Chinese Democracy. March 14, 2012. Henry. Yates. November 19, 2008. MusicRadar. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20120215011851/http://www.musicradar.com/news/guitars/33-insane-facts-about-chinese-democracy-183467. February 15, 2012.
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  224. Web site: Axl Rose Sued By Ex-Guns N' Roses Bandmates. MTV News. Wiederhorn. Jon. May 4, 2004. February 14, 2015. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150214165046/http://www.mtv.com/news/1486792/axl-rose-sued-by-ex-guns-n-roses-bandmates/. February 14, 2015.
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