Guns, goons, and gold explained

The phrase "guns, goons, and gold," sometimes referred to as the "Three Gs of Philippine Politics"^[1] was a catchphrase coined by media to describe the violence and vote-buying that characterized the political campaign period in the Philippines,^[2] beginning with the presidential reelection campaign of 1969,^{[3] [4] [5]} declining only with the advent of electronic voting machines during the elections of 2010.^{[6] [7]}

In popular culture

• The 1977 Eddie Romero classic Banta ng Kahapon starring Vic Vargas, Bembol Roco, Roland Dantes, and Chanda Romero was set during the 1969 campaign period. The motif of "guns, goons, and gold" was prominently featured.^[8]
• The 1991 Jun Urbano political comedy Juan Tamad at Mister Shooli sa Mongolian Barbecue also prominently featured the motif of "guns, goons, and gold," portraying the belief that mainstream politicians at the time the film was released could not get reelected without violence or vote-buying.

See also

• Ferdinand Marcos presidential campaign, 1969

Notes and References

1. News: Elections 2007: 3Gs rear hideous head on campaign's Day 3 . GMA News Online . 2018-07-21 . en-US.
2. News: 'Guns, Goons, Gold' Time in Philippines : Elections: Authorities brace for traditional violence and cheating as campaigns get under way. . DROGIN . BOB . 1992-02-10 . Los Angeles Times . 2018-07-21 . en-US . 0458-3035.
3. Book: An anarchy of families : state and family in the Philippines . 2009 . University of Wisconsin Press . 9780299229849 . Madison, Wis. . 223848773.
4. News: Sabotaging the System 31 years of amnesia . Morallo . Audrey . The Philippine Star . 2018-07-21.
5. News: Protecting the vote . 2016-02-29 . Sun Star Philippines . 2018-07-21 . en-GB.
6. News: Philippine election plays more like a soap opera . Smith . Tom . 2010-05-05 . The Guardian . 2018-07-21 . en.
7. Web site: Philippine Election Update: Results Reported in Record Time, Largely Peaceful, Now What? - The Asia Foundation . Rood . Steven . 2010-05-12 . The Asia Foundation . en-US . 2018-07-21.
8. Web site: In Focus: Edie Romero's "Passionate Strangers" Opens Festival of Restored Filipino Films. July 12, 2004. National Commission for Culture and the Arts. April 26, 2017. July 21, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180721073443/http://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/in-focus/eddie-romeros-passionate-strangers-opens-festival-of-restored-filipino-films/. dead.