Gulai Explained

Gulai
Country:Indonesia[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
Region:Sumatra[6]
National Cuisine:Indonesia,[7] Malaysia,[8] [9] Singapore, Brunei, and Southern Thailand
Type:Curry or stew
Course:Main
Served:Hot and room temperature

Gulai is a Minangkabau class of spicy and rich stew commonly found in Indonesia,[10] Malaysia and Singapore. The main ingredients of this dish are usually poultry, goat meat, beef, mutton, various kinds of offal, fish and seafood, as well as vegetables such as cassava leaves, unripe jackfruit and banana stem.

Gulai is often described as Indonesian curry,[11] [2] [12] [13] although it is also considered a local dish in Malaysia and Singapore. Gulai is a common name to refer to curry dishes in the country,[1] although Indonesian, Malaysian, and Singaporean cuisine also recognise kari (curry). In Javanese-Surinamese cuisine it is known as guleh.[14]

Ingredients

The gulai sauces commonly have a thick consistency with a yellowish colour because of the addition of ground turmeric. Gulai sauce ingredients consist of rich spices such as turmeric, coriander, black pepper, galangal, ginger, chilli pepper, shallot, garlic, fennel, lemongrass, cinnamon and caraway, ground into paste and cooked in coconut milk with the main ingredients.[4] [15] In Malaysia, kerisik is also added to thicken the gravy.[16]

Gulai recipes and ingredients are slightly different across the archipelago. For example the colour of gulai in Java is mostly light yellow, while in Sumatra, it has a more reddish tone. In Palembang, the gulai composes of ingredients such as garlic, shallot, turmeric, turmeric leaf, and pineapple. In Minangkabau lands of West Sumatra, the ruku-ruku leaf (Ocimum tenuiflorum) is a must-use ingredient, while in its Javanese counterpart, the coriander is favoured. Another difference is that tamarind is often added in Javanese gulai called gule, giving it a slightly sourer taste than other versions of gulai.[17]

History

Gulai originated on the island of Sumatra,[1] Indonesia and is thought to be a local adaptation of Indian curry, having developed and derived from Indian influence on Southeast Asia. The dish is widely served in the Malay Archipelago, especially in Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula, Java and Borneo. The thick and yellowish gulai sauce is one of the most common sauces found in Minangkabau cuisine, used to give a rich and spicy taste to meats, fish, and vegetables. Gulai is often described as succulent and spicy, yet subtly combining flavours of different spices into one suave and smooth taste which makes it difficult to figure out the individual spices used.[18]

The ingredients are simmered and slowly cooked in coconut milk, a mixture of spices and chili pepper. The thick golden, yellowish, succulent and spicy gulai sauce has become a hallmark that can be seen on window displays of restaurant establishments in Padang, Indonesia. In Padang, smart cooking means being capable of preparing gulai. Rendang (beef simmered in coconut milk and spices), asam padeh (sour and spicy stew) and kalio (watery and light-coloured gravy) are often considered as variations of Padang gulai.[19]

In Malaysia, asam pedas, a popular Malay sour fish soup is sometimes called gulai tumis. In the states of Perak and Pahang, gulai tempoyak, a local specialty is commonly served as a daily meal and a meal for festive celebrations such as Hari Raya and wedding ceremonies.[20] Negeri Sembilan is well known nationwide for its spicy dishes. Masak lemak cili api, a type of gulai made with coconut milk spiced with turmeric and bird's eye chili, is described as the hallmark of Negeri Sembilanese cuisine. In some restaurants, roti canai (which is usually served with curry) might also be served with gulai.

The gulai sauce found in Minangkabau, Acehnese, and Malay cuisine usually has a thicker consistency than the gulai sauce found in Java which is thinner, served in soup-like dishes containing pieces of mutton, beef or offal.[4] [3] Gulai is usually served with steamed rice.

Variations

Gulai recipes can be found in various cooking traditions across the Indonesian Archipelago; such as Minangkabau, Malay, Acehnese and Javanese cuisine. However, gulai recipes show exceptional diversity in West Sumatra.[21] Some variations of gulai include:

Poultry

Meat

Insect

Offal

Fish and sea food

Vegetable

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: 40 Indonesian foods we can't live without. 25 February 2016. CNN. 23 July 2018.
  2. News: A beginner's guide to the curries of the world. Hunt. Kristin. 16 March 2014. Thrillist. 23 July 2018.
  3. News: Gulai. 9 July 2019. Tribunnewswiki. id. 7 October 2020.
  4. News: Sejarah Asal Mula Masakan Bersantan. 16 July 2015. Republika. id. 7 October 2020.
  5. News: Sejarah dan Jenis-jenis Gulai yang Khas di Indonesia. 15 January 2019. Kumparan. id. 16 October 2020.
  6. News: Sejarah dan Jenis-jenis Gulai yang Khas di Indonesia. 15 January 2019. Kumparan. id. 16 October 2020.
  7. News: 40 Indonesian foods we can't live without. 25 February 2016. CNN. 23 July 2018.
  8. Past and present practices of the Malay food heritage and culture in Malaysia . 10.1016/j.jef.2017.11.001. 2017 . Raji . Mohd Nazri Abdul . Ab Karim . Shahrim . Ishak . Farah Adibah Che . Arshad . Mohd Mursyid . Journal of Ethnic Foods . 4 . 4 . 221–231 . free .
  9. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/82136975.pdf
  10. News: Sejarah Asal Mula Masakan Bersantan. 16 July 2015. Republika. id. 7 October 2020.
  11. Web site: Gulai, Traditional Stew From Sumatra. 2020-10-12. Taste Atlas.
  12. Web site: Aroma Rasa Kuliner Indonesia: Sajian Gulai (Indonesian Culinary: Gulai (Curry)) . Lilly T. Erwin . Gramedia International . 31 May 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120425080031/http://www.gramediainternational.com/book/detail/9789792257281 . 25 April 2012 . dead .
  13. News: Padang-Style Chicken Curry (Gulai Ayam). SAVEUR. 23 July 2018.
  14. Web site: Maryansetro. 2018-02-18 . The taste of Guleh an ancestors recipe . 2024-03-24 . Steemit . en.
  15. Web site: Resep Gulai Ayam . Resep Masakan Indonesia . id . 31 May 2014.
  16. Web site: Resipi Gulai Ayam Sedap, Mesti Naik Selera . 4 December 2019 .
  17. Web site: Pertiwi. Ni Luh Made. Apa Bedanya Gulai Jawa dengan Gulai Sumatera?. 2020-10-12. KOMPAS.com. 17 May 2017 . id.
  18. News: Spice World. Christopher. Tan . 24 February 2014. SAVEUR. 23 July 2018.
  19. News: By the way ... I just can't live without Padang food . Donny Syofyan . The Jakarta Post . 24 November 2013 .
  20. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/82136975.pdf
  21. Web site: Mengapa Makanan Khas Minangkabau Banyak Menggunakan Santan?. 2020-10-12. kumparan. id-ID.
  22. Web site: Resepi Gulai Telur Itik. MyResipi. ms. 31 May 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140531125313/http://www.myresipi.com/top/detail/4203. 31 May 2014. dead.
  23. Web site: Gulai Kambing . 17 August 2008 . Kompas.com . id . 31 May 2014.
  24. https://docs.google.com/viewerng/viewer?url=http://malaycivilization.com.my/omeka/files/original/4e675c45b3587aabf71415dcb28d9f16.pdf
  25. News: Gulai Gajebo, "Makanan Surga" dari Ranah Minang . Kompas Cyber Media. 24 May 2016. KOMPAS.com. 23 July 2018. id.
  26. News: Gourmet or Garbage?. 22 September 2011. My Cooking Without Borders. 23 July 2018.
  27. Web site: Gulai Banak, Perpaduan Otak Sapi yang Gurih dan Lembut Dengan Kuah Kental Berbumbu. 8 November 2017.
  28. News: Gulai Kepala Ikan . Kompas Cyber Media . 19 October 2009. KOMPAS.com. 23 July 2018. id.
  29. Web site: Kedahan home cook Azah Johari starts YouTube channel to revive traditional Malay recipes (VIDEO) Life Malay Mail. 26 August 2020.
  30. Web site: Gulai Tumis (Tamarind Fish Curry). 26 April 2010.
  31. Web site:
    1. JOM GO: A taste of kampung life New Straits Times
    . 28 August 2019.
  32. Web site: Gulai Nangka (Indonesian Unripe Jackfruit Curry). pimentious.com. 23 July 2018.
  33. News: Resep Sahur : Gulai Daun Singkong Tumbuk. Setiawati. Odilia Winneke. detikfood. 23 July 2018. id.

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