Guanylate kinase explained
| guanylate kinase |
| Ec Number: | 2.7.4.8 |
| Cas Number: | 9026-59-9 |
| Go Code: | 0004385 |
| Width: | 270 |
| Symbol: | Guanylate_kin |
| guanylate kinase |
| Pfam: | PF00625 |
| Interpro: | IPR008144 |
| Prosite: | PDOC00670 |
| Scop: | 1gky |
| Cdd: | cd00071 |
| Pdb: | ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, |
In enzymology, a guanylate kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
ADP +
GDPThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and GMP, whereas its two products are ADP and GDP.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing groups (phosphotransferases) with a phosphate group as acceptor. This enzyme participates in purine metabolism.
Guanylate kinase catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of GMP into GDP. It is essential for recycling GMP and indirectly, cGMP. In prokaryotes (such as Escherichia coli), lower eukaryotes (such as yeast) and in vertebrates, GK is a highly conserved monomeric protein of about 200 amino acids. GK has been shown to be structurally similar to protein A57R (or SalG2R) from various strains of Vaccinia virus.[1] [2] [3] Systems biology analyses carried out by the team of Andreas Dräger also identified a pivotal role of this enzyme in the replication of SARS-CoV-2 within the human airways.[4] [5] [6]
Nomenclature
The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:(d)GMP phosphotransferase. Other names in common use include"
- deoxyguanylate kinase,
- 5'-GMP kinase,
- GMP kinase,
- guanosine monophosphate kinase, and
- ATP:GMP phosphotransferase.
Further reading
- ((Buccino RJ Jr)), Roth JS . 1969 . Partial purification and properties of ATP:GMP phosphotransferase from rat liver . Arch. Biochem. Biophys. . 132 . 49 - 61 . 4307347 . 10.1016/0003-9861(69)90337-3 . 1 .
- Hiraga S, Sugino Y . 1966 . Nucleoside monophosphokinases of Escherichia coli infected and uninfected with an RNA phage . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 114 . 416 - 8 . 5329274 . 2 . 10.1016/0005-2787(66)90324-8.
- Griffith TJ, Helleiner CW . 1965 . The partial purification of deoxynucleoside monophosphate kinases from L cells . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 108 . 114 - 24 . 5862227 . 1 . 10.1016/0005-2787(65)90113-9.
- Oeschger MP, Bessman MJ . 1966 . Purification and properties of guanylate kinase from Escherichia coli . J. Biol. Chem. . 241 . 5452 - 60 . 5333666 . 22 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)96451-3 . free .
- Shimono H, Sugino Y . 1971 . Metabolism of deoxyribonucleotides. Purification and properties of deoxyguanosine monophosphokinase of calf thymus . Eur. J. Biochem. . 19 . 256 - 63 . 5552394 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1971.tb01312.x . 2 . free .
Notes and References
- Bryant PJ, Woods DF . A major palmitoylated membrane protein of human erythrocytes shows homology to yeast guanylate kinase and to the product of a Drosophila tumor suppressor gene . Cell . 68 . 4 . 621–2 . February 1992 . 1310897 . 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90136-Z. 46607652 .
- Zschocke PD, Schiltz E, Schulz GE . Purification and sequence determination of guanylate kinase from pig brain . Eur. J. Biochem. . 213 . 1 . 263–9 . April 1993 . 8097461 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb17757.x. free .
- Goebl MG . Is the erythrocyte protein p55 a membrane-bound guanylate kinase? . Trends Biochem. Sci. . 17 . 3 . 99 . March 1992 . 1329277 . 10.1016/0968-0004(92)90244-4.
- Renz . Alina. Widerspick . Lina. Dräger . Andreas. Andreas Dräger. 2020. FBA reveals guanylate kinase as a potential target for antiviral therapies against SARS-CoV-2. Bioinformatics. 36. Supplement_2. i813–i821. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa813. 7773487. 33381848. 229929774.
- Renz . Alina. Widerspick . Lina. Dräger . Andreas. Andreas Dräger. 2021. Genome-Scale Metabolic Model of Infection with SARS-CoV-2 Mutants Confirms Guanylate Kinase as Robust Potential Antiviral Target. Genes. 12. 6. 796. 10.3390/genes12060796. 8225150. 34073716. 235300463. free.
- Leonidou . Nantia. Renz . Alina. Mostolizadeh . Reihaneh. Dräger . Andreas. Andreas Dräger. 2023. New workflow predicts drug targets against SARS-CoV-2 via metabolic changes in infected cells. PLOS Computational Biology. 19. 3. e1010903. 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010903. 10035753. 36952396. 257715107. free. 2023PLSCB..19E0903L.
