Grigorovich M-23bis explained

The Grigorovich M-23bis was a Soviet biplane flying boat built during the 1920s.

Design

Dmitri Grigorovich developing the M-23 as a derivative of the Grigorovich M-9 with a more powerful engine. The first M-23 design was abandoned after the revolution and transformed into an improved design, the M-23bis, in 1922. The aircraft was completed at GAZ-3 "Krasnyj Letchik" (The Red Pilot) in mid-Summer 1923, but the unsuccessful hull shape meant that it failed to take off. The M-23bis was sent back for modifications, but in late 1923 was destroyed by a flood at the Krestovsky Island hangar.^[1]

Bibliography

• Kulikov. Victor. Le fascinante histoire des hydravions de Dimitry Grigorovitch. Avions: Toute l'aéronautique et son histoire . December 1996 . 45 . 20–33 . The Fascinating History of the Seaplanes of Dimitry Grigorovitch. French . 1243-8650.

Notes and References

1. Book: Shavrov, V.B. . Istoriia konstruktskii samoletov v SSSR, 1938–1950 . 1994 . Mashinostroenie . Moscow . 978-5-217-00477-5 . gg. (3 izd.) . Russian . 350.