September 2015 Greek legislative election explained

Country:Greece
Type:parliamentary
Previous Election:January 2015 Greek legislative election
Previous Year:January 2015
Next Election:2019 Greek legislative election
Next Year:2019
Seats For Election:All 300 seats in the Hellenic Parliament
Majority Seats:151
Opinion Polls:Opinion polling for the September 2015 Greek legislative election
Registered:9,840,525
Turnout:56.16% (7.46pp)
Election Date:20 September 2015
Leader1:Alexis Tsipras
Party1:Syriza
Last Election1:36.34%, 149 seats
Seats1:145
Seat Change1:4
Popular Vote1:1,926,526
Percentage1:35.46%
Swing1:0.88pp
Leader2:Vangelis Meimarakis
Party2:New Democracy (Greece)
Last Election2:27.81%, 76 seats
Seats2:75
Seat Change2:1
Popular Vote2:1,526,400
Percentage2:28.09%
Swing2:0.28pp
Image3: XA
Leader3:Nikolaos Michaloliakos
Party3:Golden Dawn (Greece)
Last Election3:6.28%, 17 seats
Seats3:18
Seat Change3:1
Popular Vote3:379,722
Percentage3:6.99%
Swing3:0.71pp
Leader4:Fofi Gennimata
Party4:DISY
Last Election4:5.16%, 13 seats
Seats4:17
Seat Change4:4
Popular Vote4:341,732
Percentage4:6.29%
Swing4:1.13pp
Leader5:Dimitris Koutsoumpas
Party5:Communist Party of Greece
Last Election5:5.47%, 15 seats
Seats5:15
Popular Vote5:301,684
Percentage5:5.55%
Swing5:0.08pp
Leader6:Stavros Theodorakis
Party6:The River (Greece)
Last Election6:6.05%, 17 seats
Seats6:11
Seat Change6:6
Popular Vote6:222,349
Percentage6:4.09%
Swing6:1.96pp
Leader7:Panos Kammenos
Party7:Independent Greeks
Last Election7:4.75%, 13 seats
Seats7:10
Seat Change7:3
Popular Vote7:200,532
Percentage7:3.69%
Swing7:1.06pp
Leader8:Vassilis Leventis
Party8:Union of Centrists
Last Election8:1.79%, 0 seats
Seats8:9
Seat Change8:9
Popular Vote8:186,644
Percentage8:3.44%
Swing8:1.65pp
Prime Minister
Posttitle:Prime Minister after election
Before Election:Vassiliki Thanou (interim)
Before Party:Independent politician
After Election:Alexis Tsipras
After Party:Syriza

Legislative elections were held in Greece on Sunday, 20 September 2015, following Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras' announced resignation on 20 August.[1] At stake were all 300 seats in the Hellenic Parliament. This was a snap election, the sixth since 2007, since new elections were not due until February 2019.[2]

The elections resulted in an unexpectedly-large victory for Alexis Tsipras' Coalition of the Radical Left (SYRIZA), which fell just six seats short of an absolute majority and was able to reform its coalition government with the right-wing Independent Greeks (ANEL). Opposition center-right New Democracy (ND) remained stagnant at 28% and 75 seats, despite pre-election opinion polls predicting a tie with Syriza or even opening the possibility of a ND government. Far-right Golden Dawn (XA) remained the third political force in the country rising slightly to 7%, while the Democratic Alignment (comprising PASOK and DIMAR) rose to 4th place nationally, as a result of the failure of the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) to increase its vote tally and the decline of To Potami. The Union of Centrists (EK) entered Parliament for the first time, while Syriza splinter group Popular Unity fell short of the required 3% threshold and did not win parliamentary representation.

Turnout was exceptionally low at 56.16%, the lowest ever recorded in a Greek legislative election since the restoration of democracy in 1974. Post-election analysis determined that voters' apathy and disaffection with politics and weariness after being continuously called to the polls (this election marked the third vote throughout 2015, after the January 2015 election and the July 2015 referendum) were the most likely causes for the low turnout.[3]

This is the last Greek general election where New Democracy (ND) failed to win a plurarity of the vote.

Background

Third bailout agreement

See also: Third Economic Adjustment Programme for Greece. Several days after the bailout referendum, on 12 July 2015, the Greek Prime Minister, Alexis Tsipras came to an agreement with lenders for a new ESM program. Greece will receive a loan of up to €86 billion, which will be received gradually from 2015 until June 2018, including a buffer of up to €25 billion for the banking sector. In return, Greece will have to streamline the VAT system and broaden the tax base to increase revenue, reform the pension system, safeguard the full legal independence of the Hellenic Statistical Authority, automatically cut public spending to generate primary surpluses, reform justice with a view to accelerate the judicial process and reduce costs, implement all OECD toolkit I recommendations, modernise labour market legislation, modernise and strengthen the Greek administration, revoke the laws passed by the Tsipras government counter to the February 20 agreement—except for the one concerning the "humanitarian crisis"— or identify clear compensatory equivalents for the vested rights that were subsequently created (e.g. for the rehiring of fired public servants), recapitalize the banks, and privatize 50 billion of state assets.[4] To help support growth and job creation in Greece up to 2020, the European Commission will help mobilise up to €35 billion to fund investment and economic activity, including in SMEs. The Investment Plan for Europe will also provide funding opportunities for Greece.[5]

On 14 August, after a rancorous all-night debate, the Hellenic Parliament backed the country's new bailout deal, although more than 40 MPs from Syriza either voted against the deal or abstained, and Tsipras had to rely on the support of three opposition parties: New Democracy, The River and PASOK.[6] Following the Parliament's decision, the Eurogroup welcomed the agreement between Greece and its lenders, and initiated the launching of the national procedures required for the approval of the new ESM program. These national procedures were concluded by 19 August, and Greece received the first disbursement of the initial tranche of up to €26 bn.[7]

Government's resignation and snap election

Although Tsipras passed the bailout agreement through the Parliament and did not face a no-confidence motion, the fact that 43 of Syriza's 149 MPs had either opposed the bailout or abstained meant that he had effectively lost his parliamentary majority. Therefore, on 20 August, following the first disbursement of the initial tranche of the third bailout agreement, Tsipras submitted the resignation of his government to Prokopis Pavlopoulos, the President of Greece. Tsipras asked Pavlopoulos for the earliest possible election date (20 September), and publicly argued that "the present Parliament cannot offer a government of majority or a national unity government." In a televised address to the Greek people, Tsipras recognised that he did not achieve the agreement he expected before the January elections. Following Tsipras' resignation, the Constitution required Pavlopoulos to ask the second- and third-largest party in Parliament to form a government.[8]

Some analysts' expectations that these two parties—and especially New Democracy—could waive their three-days exploratory mandate right to accelerate the procedures were not confirmed. Vangelis Meimarakis, the Leader of the Opposition, received the first exploratory mandate on 21 August, stating that he has the "political obligation and responsibility to exhaust all the options".[9] Failing to form a government, Meimarakis returned the mandate to the President on 24 August. The same day, Panagiotis Lafazanis, the president of the third-largest party in Parliament, the newly formed Popular Unity, was handed the third and final exploratory mandate. Popular Unity was founded on 21 August by 25 anti-austerity and anti-bailout MPs, who split from Syriza and were largely affiliated to the party's Left Platform.[10] After having failed to attract coalition partners for a new government, Lafazanis returned the mandate on 27 August. In a meeting with Pavlopoulos, Lafazanis asked the President to set a date for election no earlier than 27 September and to convene a council meeting of political leaders.[11] However, given that Syriza, the Independent Greeks and the Communist Party had made clear that they had no interest in participating in such a meeting, Pavlopoulos opted for entering into telephone consultations with each political leader individually. After the conclusion of these consultations, which proved to be fruitless, Pavlopoulos named Vassiliki Thanou, President of the Court of Cassation (Areios Pagos), as interim prime minister, with the task of leading Greece to the elections.[12] On 28 August, Pavlopoulos issued a presidential decree for the dissolution of the Parliament and the holding of a snap legislative election on 20 September 2015.[13] The President's decision not to convene the council meeting of political leaders and to call the elections earlier than 27 September was fiercely criticised by Lafazanis; in an official statement, Popular Unity called the President's actions "a raw and provocative violation of both the letter and the spirit of the Constitution". However, other prominent politicians of the Opposition, such as PASOK's Evangelos Venizelos, who is also a Professor of Constitutional Law, suggested that Pavlopoulos acted within the rules and without violating the Constitution.[14]

Electoral system

All voters are required to vote, with registration being automatic and voting being mandatory.[15] However, none of the legally existing penalties or sanctions[16] have ever been enforced.[17]

250 seats are distributed on the basis of proportional representation, with a threshold of 3% required for entry into parliament. Blank and invalid votes, as well as votes cast for parties that fall short of the 3% threshold, are disregarded for seat allocation purposes. 50 additional seats are awarded as a majority bonus to the party that wins a plurality of votes, with coalitions in that regard not being counted as an overall party but having their votes counted separately for each party in the coalition, according to the election law. Parliamentary majority is achieved by a party or coalition of parties that command at least one half plus one (151 out of 300) of total seats.

Opinion polls

See also: Opinion polling for the September 2015 Greek legislative election.

Graphical summary
Poll resultsThe tables below list nationwide voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. Polls that show their results without disregarding those respondents who were undecided or said they would abstain from voting (either physically or by voting blank) have been re-calculated by disregarding these numbers from the totals offered through a simple rule of three, in order to obtain results comparable to other polls and the official election results. When available, seat projections are displayed below the percentages in a smaller font. 151 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Hellenic Parliament.

Candidates' debates

September 2015 Greek legislative election debates
DateOrganisersModerator(s)
SYRIZA
ND
LAE
XA
River
KKE
ANEL
DISY
Refs
9 SepERT1PPPNPPPP[144]
14 SepERT1PPNNNNNN[145]

Aftermath

The governing party SYRIZA won the largest number of seats but fell short of an outright majority. However, the party resurrected its coalition with the right-wing Independent Greeks, a minor party with which it had already formed a government after the January 2015 election. Centre-right New Democracy took the second-largest vote share, while far-right Golden Dawn was a fairly distant third. Popular Unity, the party formed by 26 MPs who had defected from SYRIZA in protest at the bailout, failed to reach the 3% threshold, and thus did not get any seats.

SYRIZA leader Alexis Tsipras hailed the result as a "victory of the people". He returned to the premiership after resigning earlier in the summer in order to force the new election. He told supporters in Athens that Greece would "continue the struggle we began seven months ago" when SYRIZA was first elected to government. New Democracy leader Vangelis Meimarakis swiftly conceded after the election results began coming in, calling upon Tsipras "to create the government which is needed".[146] Tsipras' former finance minister Yanis Varoufakis criticised the election result as "the 'legalisation' of the capitulation", referring to the bailout deal negotiated between Athens and European creditors during the summer.[147]

The margin of SYRIZA's "decisive" victory was a surprise, with many pundits and analysts predicting a closer race with New Democracy.[146] [147] Voter turnout was 7 pp lower than it had been in January.[147]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Greece crisis: PM Tsipras 'to hold September election'. BBC News . 2015-08-20.
  2. Web site: Greek Constitution; Part III. Organization and Functions of the State . hri.org . 2015-01-26.
  3. News: . Voter Turnout in Greek Elections Drops to New Historic Low. Greek Reporter. 21 September 2015. 21 September 2015.
  4. Web site: Euro Summit statement, 12 July 2015. European Council. Euro Summit. 12 July 2015. 6 August 2015.
  5. Web site: A New Start for Jobs and Growth in Greece: Commission Mobilises more than €35 billion from the EU Budget . europa.eu. European Commission. 15 July 2015. 15 July 2015.
  6. News: Hope . Kerin. Greek Parliament Approves €85bn Bailout after Rancorous Debate. Financial Times. Athens. 14 August 2015. 6 September 2015.
  7. Web site: Eurogroup Statement on the ESM Programme for Greece. European Council. Eurogroup. 14 August 2015. 6 September 2015.
  8. News: . Greece Crisis: PM Alexis Tsipras Quits and Calls Early Polls. BBC News. 20 August 2015. 6 September 2015.
  9. News: . Greece Crisis: PM Alexis Tsipras Quits and Calls Early Polls. BBC News. 20 August 2015. 6 September 2015.
  10. News: . Lafazanis Receives Exploratory Mandate from President Pavlopoulos. To Vima. 24 August 2015. 6 September 2015.
  11. News: . Lafazanis Calls on Greek Prez to Postpone Elections until Sept. 27. Proto Thema. 24 August 2015. 6 September 2015.
  12. News: . Election Preamble Coming to an End. Kathimerini. 26 August 2015. 6 September 2015.
  13. http://www.et.gr/idocs-nph/search/pdfViewerForm.html?args=5C7QrtC22wE4q6ggiv8WTXdtvSoClrL8yNwbRNbiFj15MXD0LzQTLWPU9yLzB8V68knBzLCmTXKaO6fpVZ6Lx3UnKl3nP8NxdnJ5r9cmWyJWelDvWS_18kAEhATUkJb0x1LIdQ163nV9K--td6SIuTLnLnVLU8EorhRL-TwR82bldss06kBdYGnkuzEPzRj8 Presidential Decree 66 of 28 August 2015
  14. News: . Election Preamble Coming to an End. Kathimerini. 26 August 2015. 6 September 2015.
  15. Web site: Constitution of Greece . Article 51, Clause 5: The exercise of the right to vote is compulsory. . . 5 November 2011.
  16. Web site: http://www.kerkyra.gr/portal/ekloges/PD_96-2007.doc . el:Προεδρικό Διάταγμα 96/2007 . Presidential Decree 96/2007 . el . Article 117, Clause 1: The elector who unjustifiably does not vote is punished with imprisonment of [at least] one month and up to one year..
  17. Web site: http://archive.enet.gr/online/online_text/c=112,dt=12.06.2004,id=20721500 . el:Υποχρεωτική η ψήφος αλλά "παγωμένες" οι κυρώσεις . Voting is mandatory, but penalties "frozen" . el . . 7 November 2011 . dead . https://archive.today/20130217164234/http://archive.enet.gr/online/online_text/c=112,dt=12.06.2004,id=20721500 . 2013-02-17 .
  18. Web site: Κυβέρνηση πλειοψηφίας ΣΥΡΙΖΑ - ΑΝΕΛ με 155 έδρες . el . tvxs . 20 September 2015.
  19. Web site: Exit Poll Βουλευτικών εκλογών 20/09/2015 . el . Metron Analysis . 20 September 2015.
  20. Web site: Πρωτιά ΣΥΡΙΖΑ με 5 μονάδες δείχνει το exit poll της ΚΑΠΑ Research για το vima.gr . el . To Vima . 20 September 2015.
  21. Web site: Το τελικό exit poll: Πρώτος ο ΣΥΡΙΖΑ με 33-35% . el . tvxs . 20 September 2015.
  22. Web site: Τελικό exit poll: ΣΥΡΙΖΑ 33-35% -ΝΔ 28,5-30 % -Χρυσή Αυγή 7-8% . el . iefimerida . 20 September 2015.
  23. Web site: Βέβαιη η νίκη του ΣΥΡΙΖΑ, σύμφωνα με το 100% του exit poll – Αναλυτικά οι πιθανές έδρες των κομμάτων . el . altsantiri . 20 September 2015.
  24. Web site: Kapa Research Exit Poll . el . altsantiri . 20 September 2015.
  25. Web site: Πανεπιστήμιο Μακεδονίας: Πρωτιά ΣΥΡΙΖΑ (31-35%) έναντι της ΝΔ (29-33%) δείχνει η εκτίμηση ψήφου . el . iefimerida . 20 September 2015.
  26. Web site: Εκλογές 2015: Δείτε τα πρώτα επικαιροποιημένα exit polls - ΣΥΡΙΖΑ 30-34,5%, ΝΔ 28,5-33,5% . el . eirinika.gr . 20 September 2015.
  27. Web site: ΛΕΠΤΟ ΠΡΟΣ ΛΕΠΤΟ ΕΚΛΟΓΙΚΑ ΑΠΟΤΕΛΕΣΜΑΤΑ . el . FNews . 20 September 2015.
  28. Web site: Exit poll: ΣΥΡΙΖΑ 30-34%, ΝΔ 28,5-32,5% -Τρίτο κόμμα Χρυσή Αυγή 6,5-8% . el . iefimerida . 20 September 2015.
  29. Web site: Η πρώτη εκτίμηση εδρών με βάση το exit poll . el . tvxs . 20 September 2015.
  30. Web site: Kapa Research. 17–18 Σεπτεμβρίου 2015 . el . Kapa Research . 18 September 2015.
  31. Web site: Θρίλερ δείχνει η δημοσκόπηση της MRB . https://web.archive.org/web/20150921201405/http://www.parapolitika.gr/article/320025/thriler-deihnei-i-dimoskopisi-tis-mrb . dead . 21 September 2015 . el . Star . 19 September 2015.
  32. Web site: Eκτίμηση πολιτικών τάσεων. 17-18 Σεπτεμβρίου 2015 . el . Star . 18 September 2015.
  33. Web site: Palmos Αnalysis: Μπροστά η ΝΔ με 1,8% στην πρόθεση ψήφου - Νίκη ΣΥΡΙΖΑ με 1% στην τελική εκτίμηση . el . Star . 18 September 2015.
  34. Web site: Γκάλοπ MRB για το Star: Διαφορά 0,5% υπέρ του ΣΥΡΙΖΑ στην πρόθεση ψήφου . https://web.archive.org/web/20150919191624/https://www.star.gr/Pages/Politiki.aspx?art=292645&artTitle=gkalop_mrb_gia_to_star__diafora_0_5_yper_tou_syriza_stin_prothesi_psifou . dead . 19 September 2015 . el . Star . 18 September 2015.
  35. Web site: Προβάδισμα ΣΥΡΙΖΑ σε νέα δημοσκόπηση - Οι Έλληνες θα ψηφίσουν οριστικά για τις κλειστές Τράπεζες του Τσίπρα . https://web.archive.org/web/20150921005822/http://www.tokentro.com/index.php/proto-thema/27719-provadisma-syriza-se-nea-dimoskopisi-oi-ellines-tha-psifisoun-oristika-gia-tis-kleistes-trapezes-tou-tsipra . dead . 21 September 2015 . el . To Kentro . 18 September 2015.
  36. Web site: Δημοσκόπηση Rass: Με 0,7% προηγείται ο ΣΥΡΙΖΑ δύο 24ωρα πριν την κάλπη . el . iefimerida . 18 September 2015.
  37. Web site: Προβάδισμα 1,1% του ΣΥΡΙΖΑ έναντι της ΝΔ δείχνει δημοσκόπηση της MARC για τον ALPHA . https://web.archive.org/web/20150920025921/http://www.alphatv.gr/news/society/provadisma-11-toy-syriza-enanti-tis-nd-deihnei-dimoskopisi-tis-marc-gia-ton-alpha . dead . 20 September 2015 . el . Alpha TV . 18 September 2015.
  38. Web site: Μπροστά ο ΣΥΡΙΖΑ, κλείνει η ψαλίδα . el . EfSyn . 18 September 2015.
  39. Web site: Γκάλοπ Metron Analysis για τον ΑΝΤ1: Οριακή πρωτιά του ΣΥΡΙΖΑ . el . ANT1 . 18 September 2015.
  40. Web site: Nationwide Poll towards snap elections in Greece -- September 18, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924003516/http://www.bridgingeurope.net/nationwide-poll-towards-snap-elections-in-greece---september-18-2015.html . dead . 24 September 2015 . Bridging Europe . 18 September 2015.
  41. Web site: Μπροστά η Ν.Δ. με 1,4 μονάδες 48 ώρες πριν τις κάλπες . https://web.archive.org/web/20150919234900/http://www.e-typos.com/gr/oi-politikes-exelixeis-sto-dromo-pros-tis-kalpes/arthro/149228/brosta-i-nd-me-14-monades-48-ores-prin-tis-kalpes-/ . dead . 19 September 2015 . el . Eleftheros Typos . 18 September 2015.
  42. Web site: Προβάδισμα ΝΔ σε νέα δημοσκόπηση - Οκτακομματική βουλή και μάχη για την τρίτη θέση . el . To Pontiki . 18 September 2015.
  43. Web site: Μεγάλη δημοσκόπηση της Pulse για το pontiki.gr – Το απόλυτο ντέρμπι . el . To Pontiki . 17 September 2015.
  44. Web site: Νέα "ανατροπή" σε δημοσκόπηση – Δείτε τα ποσοστά των κομμάτων . https://web.archive.org/web/20150925102523/http://www.i247.gr/%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1/%CE%BD%CE%AD%CE%B1-%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%AE-%CF%83%CE%B5-%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7-%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B5-%CF%84%CE%B1/ . dead . 25 September 2015 . el . i247 . 17 September 2015.
  45. Web site: NEWSIT 15-17/9/2015 . el . Alco . 17 September 2015.
  46. Web site: Τι δείχνει η δημοσκόπηση των μεταπτυχιακών του ΑΠΘ . el . newsfish.gr . 18 September 2015.
  47. Web site: Δημοσκόπηση μεταπτυχιακών ΑΠΘ: Πρωτιά ΣΥΡΙΖΑ με 1,5%, άνω του 5% η Λαϊκή Ενότητα, εκτός οι ΑΝΕΛ . el . Anemos Antistasis . 19 September 2015.
  48. Web site: Πολιτικό Βαρόμετρο 148, Βουλευτικές Εκλογές Σεπτέμβριος 2015, 3ο κύμα . el . Public Issue . 18 September 2015.
  49. Web site: Πολιτικό Βαρόμετρο 148. Βουλευτικές Εκλογές Σεπτέμβριος 2015. 3ο κύμα: 14-17/9/2015 . el . Public Issue . 18 September 2015.
  50. Web site: Οριακό προβάδισμα της ΝΔ σε δημοσκόπηση της Metron για τα ΠΑΡΑΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΑ . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304212750/http://www.parapolitika.gr/article/319751/oriako-provadisma-tis-nd-se-dimoskopisi-tis-metron-gia-ta-parapolitika . dead . 4 March 2016 . el . Parapolitika . 17 September 2015.
  51. Web site: Εκλογές 2015 Δημοσκόπηση E-VOICE Προβάδισμα ΣΥΡΙΖΑ που πάνε οι ψηφοφόροι του ΟΧΙ . https://web.archive.org/web/20150919192340/https://www.dikaiologitika.gr/eidhseis/ekloges-septemvrioy-2015/75789/dimoskopisi-e-voice-safes-provadisma-syriza-ti-tha-psifisoun-osoi-eipan-oxi-sto-dimopsifisma . dead . 19 September 2015 . el . dikaiologitika.gr . 18 September 2015.
  52. Web site: Kapa Research. 15–16 Σεπτεμβρίου 2015 . el . Kapa Research . 16 September 2015.
  53. Web site: Δημοσκόπηση ProRata: Στις 4 μονάδες κλείνει η "ψαλίδα" . el . EfSyn . 17 September 2015.
  54. Web site: Νέα έρευνα "Εθνικού Κήρυκα" στην Ελλάδα για εκλογές και Ομογένεια . el . Ethnikos Kirikas . 16 September 2015.
  55. Web site: Eκτίμηση πολιτικών τάσεων. 14-15 Σεπτεμβρίου 2015 . el . Skai . 16 September 2015.
  56. Web site: Γκάλοπ Pulse: Μπροστά η ΝΔ κατά 0,5% από τον ΣΥΡΙΖΑ - Χ.Α. και ΠΑΣΟΚ μαζί στην τρίτη θέση . https://web.archive.org/web/20150927092607/http://www.action24.gr/politics/item/61123-%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%80-pulse-%CE%BC%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC-%CE%B7-%CE%BD%CE%B4-%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC-0,5-%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C-%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD-%CF%83%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B6%CE%B1-%CF%87-%CE%B1-%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9-%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BF%CE%BA-%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%B6%CE%AF-%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD-%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B7-%CE%B8%CE%AD%CF%83%CE%B7 . dead . 27 September 2015 . el . Action24 . 15 September 2015.
  57. Web site: Ντέρµπι µέχρι την ώρα της κάλπης . el . pelop.gr . 15 September 2015.
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  59. Web site: Ντέρμπι για γερά νεύρα: Απόλυτη ισοπαλία Τσίπρα – Μεϊμαράκη δείχνει η νέα δημοσκόπηση της Pulse RC (Πίνακες) . el . To Pontiki . 12 September 2015.
  60. Web site: Δημοσκόπηση Palmos Analysis για Tvxs.gr: Μια μονάδα μπροστά ο ΣΥΡΙΖΑ . el . tvxs . 12 September 2015.
  61. Web site: Δημοσκόπηση GPO: Οριακό προβάδισμα ΣΥΡΙΖΑ . el . Mega TV . 11 September 2015.
  62. Web site: Nationwide Poll towards snap elections in Greece -- September 12, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150916030213/https://www.bridgingeurope.net/nationwide-poll-towards-snap-elections-in-greece---september-12-2015.html . dead . 16 September 2015 . Bridging Europe . 12 September 2015.
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