Greater Linz (National Council electoral district) explained

Greater Linz
Nativename:German: Linz und Umgebung
Constituency Type:Electoral District
Parl Name:National Council
Map4:Greater Linz (National Council electoral district).svg
Map Size:250px
Map Entity:Austria
District Label:District
Region Label:State
Region:Upper Austria
Population:368,132 (2024)[1]
Electorate:245,789 (2019)
Area:556 km2 (2023)[2]
Year:1994
Seats:7 (1994–present)
Members Label:Members[3]

Greater Linz (de|Linz und Umgebung), also known as Electoral District 4A (de|Wahlkreis 4A), is one of the 39 multi-member regional electoral districts of the National Council, the lower house of the Austrian Parliament, the national legislature of Austria. The electoral district was created in 1992 when electoral regulations were amended to add regional electoral districts to the existing state-wide electoral districts and came into being at the following legislative election in 1994. It consists of the city of Linz and the district of Linz Rural in the state of Upper Austria. The electoral district currently elects seven of the 183 members of the National Council using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2019 legislative election the constituency had 245,789 registered electors.

History

Greater Linz was one 43 regional electoral districts (German: regionalwahlkreise) established by the "National Council Electoral Regulations 1992" (German: Nationalrats-Wahlordnung 1992) passed by the National Council in 1992.[4] It consisted of the city of Linz and the district of Linz Rural in the state of Upper Austria.[5] The district was initially allocated seven seats in May 1993.[6]

Electoral system

Greater Linz currently elects seven of the 183 members of the National Council using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system.[7] [8] [9] The allocation of seats is carried out in three stages.[10] In the first stage, seats are allocated to parties (lists) at the regional level using a state-wide Hare quota (German: wahlzahl) (valid votes in the state divided by the number of seats in the state).[11] [12] In the second stage, seats are allocated to parties at the state/provincial level using the state-wide Hare quota (any seats won by the party at the regional stage are subtracted from the party's state seats).[11] [12] In the third and final stage, seats are allocated to parties at the federal/national level using the D'Hondt method (any seats won by the party at the regional and state stages are subtracted from the party's federal seats).[11] [12] Only parties that reach the 4% national threshold, or have won a seat at the regional stage, compete for seats at the state and federal stages.[11] [12]

Electors may cast one preferential vote for individual candidates at the regional, state and federal levels.[12] Split-ticket voting (panachage), or voting for more than one candidate at each level, is not permitted and will result in the ballot paper being invalidated.[12] [13] At the regional level, candidates must receive preferential votes amounting to at least 14% of the valid votes cast for their party to over-ride the order of the party list (10% and 7% respectively for the state and federal levels).[13] Prior to April 2013 electors could not cast preferential votes at the federal level and the thresholds candidates needed to over-ride the party list order were higher at the regional level (half the Hare quota or of the party votes) and state level (Hare quota).[12] [14] [15]

Election results

Summary

Election valign=bottom colspan=3Communists
KPÖ+ / KPÖ !		valign=bottom colspan=3Social Democrats
SPÖ !		valign=bottom colspan=3Greens
GRÜNE !		valign=bottom colspan=3NEOS
NEOS / LiF !		valign=bottom colspan=3People's
ÖVP !		valign=bottom colspan=3Freedom
FPÖ
colspan=3 colspan=3 colspan=3 colspan=3 colspan=3 colspan=3
Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats
1,389 0.77% 0 49,991 27.85% 1 31,023 17.28% 1 15,369 8.56% 0 49,869 27.78% 1 27,420 15.27% 1
1,981 1.03% 0 67,233 34.99% 2 8,686 4.52% 0 10,399 5.41% 0 46,210 24.05% 1 46,052 23.97% 1
2,013 1.11% 0 59,874 33.08% 2 27,136 14.99% 1 8,107 4.48% 0 30,807 17.02% 1 36,909 20.39% 1
1,451 0.76% 0 71,676 37.65% 2 23,588 12.39% 0 3,680 1.93% 0 34,969 18.37% 1 34,949 18.36% 1
1,797 0.98% 0 81,037 44.21% 3 23,213 12.66% 0 45,537 24.84% 1 21,807 11.90% 0
974 0.51% 0 86,490 45.48% 3 20,932 11.01% 0 2,099 1.10% 0 60,711 31.92% 2 18,962 9.97% 0
790 0.44% 0 71,641 39.96% 2 15,380 8.58% 0 7,132 3.98% 0 34,587 19.29% 1 47,637 26.57% 1
515 0.27% 0 90,196 46.82% 3 10,534 5.47% 0 11,540 5.99% 0 38,726 20.10% 1 39,467 20.49% 1
535 0.30% 0 75,150 41.74% 3 16,012 8.89% 0 12,059 6.70% 0 33,301 18.50% 1 40,467 22.48% 1

Detailed

2010s

2019

Results of the 2019 legislative election held on 29 September 2019:[16] [17]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 27,416 22,406 169 49,991 27.85% 1
ÖVP 24,043 25,574 252 49,869 27.78% 1
GRÜNE 19,356 11,290 377 31,023 17.28% 1
FPÖ 13,464 13,863 93 27,420 15.27% 1
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"NEOS 8,201 6,997 171 15,369 8.56% 0
JETZT 2,066 1,260 31 3,357 1.87% 0
KPÖ+ 968 415 6 1,389 0.77% 0
WANDL 622 372 6 1,000 0.56% 0
SLP 64 29 0 93 0.05% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 96,200 82,206 1,105 179,511 100.00% 4
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 957 1,067 5 2,029 1.12%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 97,157 83,273 1,110 181,540 73.86%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 138,154 107,635 245,789
align=left colspan=3Turnout 70.33% 77.37% 73.86%

The following candidates were elected:[18] [19]

Substitutions:

2017

Results of the 2017 legislative election held on 15 October 2017:[21] [22]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 38,840 28,059 334 67,233 34.99% 2
ÖVP 22,811 23,078 321 46,210 24.05% 1
FPÖ 23,067 22,806 179 46,052 23.97% 1
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"NEOS 5,637 4,609 153 10,399 5.41% 0
PILZ 5,438 3,372 118 8,928 4.65% 0
GRÜNE 5,574 2,993 119 8,686 4.52% 0
GILT 1,195 920 15 2,130 1.11% 0
KPÖ 1,506 461 14 1,981 1.03% 0
The Whites WEIßE 149 149 9 307 0.16% 0
FLÖ 71 77 3 151 0.08% 0
SLP 38 17 0 55 0.03% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 104,326 86,541 1,265 192,132 100.00% 4
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 909 800 7 1,716 0.89%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 105,235 87,341 1,272 193,848 78.47%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 140,037 107,012 247,049
align=left colspan=3Turnout 75.15% 81.62% 78.47%

The following candidates were elected:[23] [24]

2013

Results of the 2013 legislative election held on 29 September 2013:[25] [26]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 33,229 26,429 216 59,874 33.08% 2
FPÖ 19,092 17,683 134 36,909 20.39% 1
ÖVP 14,959 15,582 266 30,807 17.02% 1
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"GRÜNE 16,826 9,963 347 27,136 14.99% 1
FRANK 4,191 4,253 46 8,490 4.69% 0
NEOS 4,705 3,294 108 8,107 4.48% 0
BZÖ 2,755 2,611 41 5,407 2.99% 0
KPÖ 1,405 588 20 2,013 1.11% 0
PIRAT 920 619 22 1,561 0.86% 0
CPÖ 202 180 2 384 0.21% 0
WANDL 178 139 3 320 0.18% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 98,462 81,341 1,205 181,008 100.00% 5
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 1,895 1,659 20 3,574 1.94%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 100,357 83,000 1,225 184,582 74.90%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 140,809 105,643 246,452
align=left colspan=3Turnout 71.27% 78.57% 74.90%

The following candidates were elected:[27] [28]

2000s

2008

Results of the 2008 legislative election held on 28 September 2008:[29] [30]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 40,297 30,480 899 71,676 37.65% 2
ÖVP 17,101 17,042 826 34,969 18.37% 1
FPÖ 18,457 16,024 468 34,949 18.36% 1
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"GRÜNE 14,361 8,473 754 23,588 12.39% 0
BZÖ 7,824 7,375 282 15,481 8.13% 0
LiF 2,293 1,230 157 3,680 1.93% 0
RETTÖ 834 800 21 1,655 0.87% 0
FRITZ 865 717 43 1,625 0.85% 0
KPÖ 962 461 28 1,451 0.76% 0
DC 580 575 16 1,171 0.62% 0
LINKE 73 34 1 108 0.06% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 103,647 83,211 3,495 190,353 100.00% 4
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 1,843 1,793 54 3,690 1.90%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 105,490 85,004 3,549 194,043 79.01%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 142,125 103,473 245,598
align=left colspan=3Turnout 74.22% 82.15% 79.01%

The following candidates were elected:[31] [32]

Substitutions:

2006

Results of the 2006 legislative election held on 1 October 2006:[34] [35]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 44,211 33,286 3,540 81,037 44.21% 3
ÖVP 21,451 20,562 3,524 45,537 24.84% 1
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"GRÜNE 13,228 7,598 2,387 23,213 12.66% 0
FPÖ 11,383 9,552 872 21,807 11.90% 0
MATIN 2,607 2,351 201 5,159 2.81% 0
BZÖ 2,483 2,023 237 4,743 2.59% 0
KPÖ 1,138 547 112 1,797 0.98% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 96,501 75,919 10,873 183,293 100.00% 4
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 1,684 1,505 125 3,314 1.78%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 98,185 77,424 10,998 186,607 78.21%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 139,974 98,618 238,592
align=left colspan=3Turnout 70.15% 78.51% 78.21%

The following candidates were elected:[36] [37]

2002

Results of the 2002 legislative election held on 24 November 2002:[38] [39]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 48,849 34,932 2,709 86,490 45.48% 3
ÖVP 30,251 26,952 3,508 60,711 31.92% 2
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"GRÜNE 12,163 6,746 2,023 20,932 11.01% 0
FPÖ 10,436 7,912 614 18,962 9.97% 0
LiF 1,179 816 104 2,099 1.10% 0
KPÖ 617 325 32 974 0.51% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 103,495 77,683 8,990 190,168 100.00% 5
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 1,318 1,247 71 2,636 1.37%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 104,813 78,930 9,061 192,804 83.66%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 136,449 94,012 230,461
align=left colspan=3Turnout 76.81% 83.96% 83.66%

The following candidates were elected:[40] [41]

Substitutions:

1990s

1999

Results of the 1999 legislative election held on 3 October 1999:[44] [45]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 39,502 28,793 3,346 71,641 39.96% 2
FPÖ 25,653 19,680 2,304 47,637 26.57% 1
ÖVP 16,495 15,413 2,679 34,587 19.29% 1
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"GRÜNE 8,462 5,389 1,529 15,380 8.58% 0
LiF 4,019 2,270 843 7,132 3.98% 0
DU 778 679 97 1,554 0.87% 0
KPÖ 535 200 55 790 0.44% 0
No to NATO and EU –
Neutral Austria Citizens' Initiative 		NEIN 327 222 30 579 0.32% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 95,771 72,646 10,883 179,300 100.00% 4
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 1,096 980 54 2,130 1.17%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 96,867 73,626 10,937 181,430 79.70%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 136,202 91,444 227,646
align=left colspan=3Turnout 71.12% 80.51% 79.70%

The following candidates were elected:[46] [47]

Substitutions:

1995

Results of the 1995 legislative election held on 17 December 1995:[49] [50]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 53,208 34,377 2,611 90,196 46.82% 3
FPÖ 22,098 16,114 1,255 39,467 20.49% 1
ÖVP 19,806 16,830 2,090 38,726 20.10% 1
LiF 6,567 3,957 1,016 11,540 5.99% 0
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"GRÜNE 5,812 3,585 1,137 10,534 5.47% 0
No – Civic Action Group
Against the Sale of Austria 		NEIN 929 663 61 1,653 0.86% 0
KPÖ 365 126 24 515 0.27% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 108,785 75,652 8,194 192,631 100.00% 5
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 1,794 1,359 85 3,238 1.65%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 110,579 77,011 8,279 195,869 85.87%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 139,063 89,045 228,108
align=left colspan=3Turnout 79.52% 86.49% 85.87%

The following candidates were elected:[51] [52]

1994

Results of the 1994 legislative election held on 9 October 1994:[53] [54]

Party Votes per district align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"Total
Votes !		align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2 width="50"% !align=center valign=bottom rowspan=2Seats
align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
City !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Linz
Rural !		align=center valign=bottom width="50"Voting
card
SPÖ 42,743 29,387 3,020 75,150 41.74% 3
FPÖ 22,690 15,892 1,885 40,467 22.48% 1
ÖVP 16,778 14,263 2,260 33,301 18.50% 1
align=left style="white-space: nowrap;"GRÜNE 8,951 5,550 1,511 16,012 8.89% 0
LiF 6,881 4,126 1,052 12,059 6.70% 0
No – Civic Action Group
Against the Sale of Austria 		NEIN 699 448 75 1,222 0.68% 0
Christian Voters Community CWG 284 258 30 572 0.32% 0
KPÖ 380 135 20 535 0.30% 0
United Greens Austria – List Adi Pinter VGÖ 249 139 24 412 0.23% 0
ÖNP 170 118 23 311 0.17% 0
align=left colspan=3Valid Votes 99,825 70,316 9,900 180,041 100.00% 5
align=left colspan=3Rejected Votes 1,466 1,256 67 2,789 1.53%
align=left colspan=3Total Polled 101,291 71,572 9,967 182,830 80.08%
align=left colspan=3Registered Electors 139,994 88,317 228,311
align=left colspan=3Turnout 72.35% 81.04% 80.08%

The following candidates were elected:[55] [56]

Substitutions:

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Bevölkerung zu Jahresbeginn nach Politischen Bezirken bzw. Wiener Gemeindebezirken seit 2002 . . 9 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  2. Web site: Stadtgebiet nach Nutzungsklassen und Gemeindebezirken . . 9 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240625151846/https://www.wien.gv.at/statistik/ogd/jahrbuch/stadtraum/tab_1.1.2_stadtgebiet_.csv . 25 June 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  3. Web site: Nationalrat: Abgeordnete zum Nationalrat . . 25 September 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  4. 471. Bundesgesetz über die Wahl des Nationalrates (Nationalrats-Wahlordnung 1992 — NRWO) . . 4 August 1992 . 1992 . 164 . 1885 . 10 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de . https://web.archive.org/web/20240404022745/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/BgblPdf/1992_471_0/1992_471_0.pdf . 4 April 2024 . Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes.
  5. 471. Bundesgesetz über die Wahl des Nationalrates (Nationalrats-Wahlordnung 1992 — NRWO) . . 4 August 1992 . 1992 . 164 . 1918 . 10 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de . https://web.archive.org/web/20240404022745/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/BgblPdf/1992_471_0/1992_471_0.pdf . 4 April 2024 . Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes.
  6. 322. Kundmachung des Bundesministers für Inneres über die Zahl der auf jeden Wahlkreis entfallenden Mandate für die Wahl des Nationalrates . . 11 May 1993 . 1993 . 118 . 2707 . 10 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de . https://web.archive.org/web/20231029000533/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/BgblPdf/1993_322_0/1993_322_0.pdf . 29 October 2023 . Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes.
  7. Web site: Nationalratswahlen: Wahlkreiseinteilung . . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240421071143/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Wahlkreiseinteilung.aspx . 21 April 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  8. Web site: Austrian National Council 2019 General . Election Guide . . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240228065006/https://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/3350/ . 28 February 2024 . Arlington, U.S.A..
  9. Web site: Electoral Assistance: ElecData, Compendium of Electoral Data - Austria . . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240403205755/https://www.coe.int/en/web/electoral-assistance/elecdata-austria . 3 April 2024 . Strasbourg, France.
  10. Book: Müller . Wolfgang C. . Gallagher . Michael . Mitchell . Paul . The Politics of Electoral Systems . 15 September 2005 . . Oxford, UK . 9780191603280 . 396–416 . 10 July 2024 . Austria: A Complex Electoral System with Subtle Effects.
  11. Web site: Nationalratswahlen: Überblick . . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231231143451/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/ . 31 December 2023 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  12. Web site: Reimink . Elwin . Electoral System Change in Europe since 1945: Austria . Electoral System Change in Europe since 1945 . Jean-Benoit Pilet and Alan Renwick . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240226131754/https://www.electoralsystemchanges.eu/Files/media/MEDIA_764/FILE/Austria_summary.pdf . 26 February 2024 . 7–8.
  13. Web site: Nationalratswahlen: Vorzugsstimmen . . 10 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240119191451/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Vorzugsstimmen.aspx . 19 January 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  14. Web site: Demokratiepaket soll Kluft zwischen Politik und Bürgern reduzieren . . 10 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de . 31 January 2013.
  15. Web site: Bundesrat befürwortet Stärkung des Persönlichkeitswahlrechts . . 10 July 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de . 5 April 2013.
  16. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2019: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene und Landeswahlkreiseben . . 7 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211115124851/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2019/files/endgultiges_Gesamtergebnis_NRW19_16102019.xlsx . 15 November 2021 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  17. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2019: Oberösterreich - Regionalwahlkreis Linz und Umgebung . Bundeswahlen . . 25 September 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231029085051/https://www.bundeswahlen.gv.at/2019/4A.html . 29 October 2023 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  18. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2019: Broschüre Landeswahlvorschläge . . 13 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240225011649/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2019/files/NRW19_Vorzugsstimmen_Landes_Regionalparteiliste_16102019.pdf . 25 February 2024 . Vienna, Austria . 26-27 . de.
  19. Web site: Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920 . . 25 September 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  20. XXVII. Gesetzgebungsperiode: 8. Sitzung des Nationalrates der Republik Österreich - Freitag, 10. Jänner 2020 . Stenographisches Protokoll . 10 January 2020 . XXVII . 8 . 33 . 25 September 2024 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20240814194356/https://www.parlament.gv.at/dokument/XXVII/NRSITZ/8/fname_797363.pdf . 14 August 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  21. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2017: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Landeswahlkreisebene und Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten . . 8 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211206233208/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2017/files/NRW17_endgueltiges_Gesamtergebnis.xlsx . 6 December 2021 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  22. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2017: Oberösterreich - Regionalwahlkreis Linz und Umgebung . Bundeswahlen . . 25 September 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  23. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2017: Landeswahlvorschläge - Landesparteilisten - Regionalparteilisten einschließlich erreichter Vorzugsstimmen . . 9 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230425122718/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2017/files/Vorzugsstimmen_Land_Regional.pdf . 25 April 2023 . Vienna, Austria . 33 . de.
  24. Web site: Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920 . . 25 September 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  25. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2013: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Landeswahlkreisebene und Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten . . 8 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210129221519/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2013/files/NRW13_endgueltiges_Gesamtergebnis.xlsx . 29 January 2021 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  26. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2013: Oberösterreich - Regionalwahlkreis Linz und Umgebung . Bundeswahlen . . 25 September 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  27. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2013: Landeswahlvorschläge - Landesparteilisten - Regionalparteilisten einschließlich erreichter Vorzugsstimmen . . 13 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231205082043/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2013/files/Land_VZ_Broschuere_gesamt.pdf . 5 December 2023 . Vienna, Austria . 49-50 . de.
  28. Web site: Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920 . . 25 September 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  29. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2008: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Landeswahlkreisebene und Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten . . 16 October 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220228132617/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2008/files/Ergebnis_end.zip . 28 February 2022 . Vienna, Austria . de.
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  31. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2008: Erzielte Vorzugstimmen auf Regionalwahlkreisebene . . 13 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240225140442/https://bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2008/files/Vorzugsstimmen/NRW_08_VZ_Regional.pdf . 25 February 2024 . Vienna, Austria . 27 . de.
  32. Web site: Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920 . . 25 September 2024 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  33. XXIV. Gesetzgebungsperiode: 55. Sitzung des Nationalrates der Republik Österreich - Mittwoch, 24. Februar 2010 . Stenographisches Protokoll . 24 February 2010 . XXIV . 55 . 38 . 25 September 2024 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20231213103520/https://www.parlament.gv.at/dokument/XXIV/NRSITZ/55/fname_185240.pdf . 13 December 2023 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  34. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2006: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Regionalwahlkreisebene, Landeswahlkreisebene, Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten . . 9 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200717055718/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2006/files/NRW_06_EndergebnisE.xls . 17 July 2020 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  35. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2006: Mandatsspiegel . . 9 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210508075453/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2006/files/NRW_06_MandatsspiegelV.pdf . 8 May 2021 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  36. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2006: Erzielte Vorzugstimmen auf Regionalwahlkreisebene . . 9 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240620121319/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2006/files/NRW_06_VZ_RPL.pdf . 20 June 2024 . Vienna, Austria . 19 . de.
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  40. Web site: Nationalratswahl 2002: Erzielte Vorzugstimmen auf Regionalwahlkreisebene . . 9 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231129052307/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_2002/files/Vorzug_E_Regional.pdf . 29 November 2023 . Vienna, Austria . 11 . de.
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  42. XXII. Gesetzgebungsperiode: 7. Sitzung des Nationalrates der Republik Österreich - Donnerstag, 6. März 2003 . Stenographisches Protokoll . 6 March 2003 . XXII . 7 . 9 . 25 September 2024 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20230706172131/https://www.parlament.gv.at/dokument/XXII/NRSITZ/7/fname_114623.pdf . 6 July 2023 . Vienna, Austria . de.
  43. XXII. Gesetzgebungsperiode: 37. Sitzung des Nationalrates der Republik Österreich - Mittwoch, 12. November 2003 . Stenographisches Protokoll . 12 November 2003 . XXII . 37 . 16 . 25 September 2024 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20231214203615/https://www.parlament.gv.at/dokument/XXII/NRSITZ/37/fname_012879.pdf . 14 December 2023 . Vienna, Austria . de.
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  49. Book: Nationalratswahl vom 17. Dezember 1995 . 1996 . . Vienna, Austria . 206–207 . 14 August 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240620173624/https://www.bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/Nationalratswahl_1995/files/nationalratswahl_17121995.pdf . 20 June 2024 . de.
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  59. Book: Index zu den Stenographischen Protokollen des Nationalrates und des Bundesrates für die Zeit der XIX. Gesetzgebungsperiode des Nationalrates, das ist vom 7. November 1994 bis 14. Jänner 1996 . 1996 . . Vienna, Austria . 481 . 25 September 2024 . de.

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