Chennai metropolitan area explained

Greater Chennai
Settlement Type:Metropolitan Area
Nickname:Detroit of Asia, Gateway to South India
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name:India
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Name1:Tamil Nadu
Seat Type:Core city
Seat:Chennai
Parts Type:Districts
Area Total Km2:5904
Population Demonym:Chennaivasi, Chennaiite
Population As Of:2011
Population Total:12,288,000
Timezone1:Indian Standard Time
Utc Offset1:+5:30
Other Name:Chennai Metropolitan Area
Footnotes:Area Note: Area of CMA was expanded from 1189 sq.km to 5904 sq.km in 2022[1] Population Note: As per the 2011 census, population corresponding to the pre-expansion limits was about 8.9 million.[2] The population estimate corresponding to the post-expansion limits was given as 12.28 million (based on the 2011 census) by CMDA.[3]

Greater Chennai Metropolitan Area, or simply the Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA), is fourth-most populous metropolitan area in India and the 35th most populous in the world. The CMA consists of the core city of Chennai, which is coterminous with the Chennai district, and its suburbs in Kanchipuram, Chengalpattu, Thiruvallur and Ranipet districts. The Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) is the nodal agency that handles town planning and development within the metro area. In 1974, an area encompassing around the city was designated as the metropolitan area which was subsequently expanded to in 2022.Oxford Economics Global Cities Index 2024 ranked Chennai as 4th Best City in India and 472 nd Best City in the world.[4]

History

In 1974, the Madras metropolitan area comprised a total extent of .[5] In 2011, first plans to expand the metropolitan area were proposed by Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) as several settlements on the outer vicinity had been undergoing rapid development and had to be incorporated under the CMDA planning strategy. While other metropolises in India had already redefined their respective metropolitan regions to include much larger areas, CMA had not been altered since it was first defined in 1974.[6] In July 2012, the CMDA suggested two options to the Government of Tamil Nadu for expanding the area with the first option including the whole of the Chennai, seven taluks each from Tiruvallur and Kancheepuram districts extending up to and the second option including the whole of Chennai, Tiruvallur and Kancheepuram districts and Arakkonam taluk extending to a total of .[7] In July 2017, the Government of Tamil Nadu announced its intention to expand the CMA to 8878km2 with the whole process expected to be completed by July 2018.[8] [9]

On 22 January 2018, Government of Tamil Nadu issued a Government order to declare the intention to include additional areas in the Chennai Metropolitan Planning Area under the Tamil Nadu Town and Country Planning Act, 1971.[10] [11] As per the act, the government is required to allow reasonable opportunity (two months) for inhabitants, local authorities and institutions in the area to comment upon or object to such an expansion proposals and few objections were received including a public interest litigation filed at the Madras High Court in March 2018.[12] [13] The plan was later modified and in October 2022, the metropolitan area was expanded to .[14]

Distribution and composition

The metropolitan area consists of four municipal corporations (Greater Chennai, Tambaram, Avadi, Kancheepuram), 12 municipalities (Arakkonam, Mangadu, Kundrathur, Poonamallee, Thiruverkadu, Thiruninravur, Tiruvallur, Tiruttani, Maraimalai Nagar, Chengalpattu, Ponneri, Guduvancheri) and other smaller panchayats spread across the districts of Chennai, Thiruvallur, Kancheepuram, Chengalpattu and Ranipet.[15] The planning and development is overseen by the Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA), a Tamil Nadu State Government organisation in charge of town in the region.[16] CMA is divided into three zones north, central and south.[17]

The State government had announced the formation of six satellite townships — Minjur covering 111 sq. kilometres, Thirumazhisai 34 sq. km., Chengalpattu 136 sq. km., Mamallapuram 123 sq. km., Kancheepuram 99 sq. km. and Tiruvallur 37 sq. km., through Government Orders (G.O.) issued in 2023. [18]

District! Taluk
CentralChennai districtAlandur, Ambattur, Aminjikarai, Ayanavaram, Egmore, Guindy, Madhavaram, Maduravoyal, Mambalam, Mylapore, Perambur, Purasawalkam, Sholinganallur, Thiruvottiyur, Tondiarpet, Velachery
Chengalpattu districtPallavaram, Tambaram, Vandalur
Kanchipuram districtKundrathur
Tiruvallur districtAvadi, Poonamallee, Ponneri
NorthTiruvallur districtGummidipoondi, Poonamallee, Ponneri, Tiruvallur, Tiruttani, Uthukottai
Kanchipuram districtSriperumbudur
Ranipet districtArakkonam, Nemili
SouthChengalpattu districtChengalpattu, Tirukalukundram, Thiruporur, Vandalur
Kanchipuram districtKundrathur, Kanchipuram, Walajabad

Administration

The CMDA regulates developments in the Chennai metropolitan area through the issuance of planning permission under section 49 of the Tamil Nadu Town and Country Planning Act 1971.[12] [19]

Agencies responsible for public services[20]
AgencyResponsibility
Chennai Metropolitan Development AuthorityUrban planning and project implementation
Local bodies (Municipal Corporations, Municipalities and Panchayats)Civic management
Chennai MetroWater Supply and Sewage BoardWater Supply and sewerage
Chennai Unified Metropolitan Transport AuthorityTransport and transport infrastructure
Department of Highways
Tamil Nadu Road Infrastructure Development Corporation
Tamil Nadu Road Development Company
Construction and maintenance of highways and roads
Chennai-Ennore Port Road CompanyMaintenance of road connecting ports
Metropolitan Transport Corporation
Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation
State Express Transport Corporation
Public bus transport
Chennai Metro Rail LimitedMetro rail transport
Southern RailwayRailway, Suburban railway and MRTS
Regional Transport departmentTransport services (Vehicle registration and compliance, road taxes, driving license)
Commissionerate of Road SafetyRoad safety
Chennai Port TrustPort
Airports Authority of IndiaAirport and air transport
Chennai Smart City LimitedCore infrastructure transformation and rejuvenation
Chennai City Traffic Police
Avadi Traffic Police
Tambaram Traffic Police
Traffic police of Tiruvallur, Kanchipuram, Chengalpattu and Ranipet districts
Traffic management
Greater Chennai Police
District police of Tiruvallur, Kanchipuram, Chengalpattu and Ranipet districts
Crime, cyber crime and law & order management
Tamil Nadu Electricity Board
Tamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation
Tamil Nadu Transmission Corporation
Electricity generation and supply
Tamil Nadu Pollution Control BoardPollution control
Department of RevenueRevenue administration
Public Works DepartmentImplementation and maintenance of macro drainage system
Department of RegistrationLand registration, stamp duties
Tamil Nadu Housing BoardProvision of plots and houses, sites and services
Tamil Nadu Urban Habitat Development BoardHousing, infrastructure and livelihood in slums
AavinMilk procurement and distribution

Economy

See main article: Economy of Chennai.

, the GDP of the metropolitan is estimated at US$ 219 billion, ranking it amongst the most productive metro areas of India.[21] Chennai has a broad industrial base in the automobile, computer, technology, hardware manufacturing and healthcare sectors., the city is India's second-largest exporter of information technology (IT) and business process outsourcing (BPO) services.[22] [23] A major part of India's automobile industry is located in and around the city thus earning it the nickname "Detroit of Asia".[24] [25] [26] According to Euromonitor, Chennai is the third-most visited city in India by international tourists and is known as the "Gateway to South India".[27] [28] Oxford Economics Global Cities Index 2024 ranked Chennai as 5th Best City in India and 244th Best City in the world in Economics Category [29]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority. Government of Tamilnadu. 9 July 2017. en.
  2. Web site: About CMA. Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority. 1 June 2024.
  3. Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority. Population of Chennai Metropolitan Area. CMDA_Official. 1762023999947558914. 26 February 2024.
  4. Web site: Global Cities Index . 2024-08-12 . Oxford Economics . en-US.
  5. Web site: CMDA map. Government of Tamil Nadu. 1 November 2023.
  6. News: Final call on Greater Chennai by fiscal year-end. IBN Live. 26 August 2011. 1 November 2023.
  7. News: C. Shivakumar . Push to expand Chennai metropolitan area. https://web.archive.org/web/20131024071103/http://newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/article586493.ece . dead . 24 October 2013 . The New Indian Express. 10 August 2012. 1 November 2023.
  8. News: Metropolitan Area set to expand. The Hindu. PressReader. 4 July 2017. 1 November 2023.
  9. News: Mariappan. Julie. 5-year wait ends, Chennai finally set for seven-fold expansion. The Times of India. 4 July 2017. 1 November 2023.
  10. News: Your word matters in Chennai's expansion. The New Indian Express. 6 February 2018. 1 November 2023.
  11. Web site: Krishnan. S . G.O. (Ms) No.13 . Government of Tamil Nadu. 6 February 2018. 22 January 2018.
  12. The Tamil Nadu Town and Country Planning Act, 1971 (Tamil Nadu Act 35 of 1972) . 1971 . . 1 September 2015.
  13. News: Kabirdoss. Yogesh. CMDA to seek public opinion on Chennai expansion, clear doubts. The Times of India. 5 April 2018. 1 November 2023.
  14. News: Order issued for expansion of Chennai to 5,904 sq. Km; over 1,200 villages set to be added. The Hindu. 21 October 2022. 1 November 2023.
  15. Web site: Local body list. Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority. 1 June 2024.
  16. Web site: About CMDA. Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority. 1 June 2024.
  17. News: Chennai Metropolitan Area to be trifurcated, will cover 5,904 sqkm . . 25 December 2022 . 28 September 2022.
  18. News: Bureau . The Hindu . 2024-05-08 . CMDA prepares blueprints for six satellite towns, consultants appointed to prepare DPR for four . 2024-08-20 . The Hindu . en-IN . 0971-751X.
  19. News: Aloysius Xavier Lopez . Challenging times for building panel . The Hindu. 10 November 2012.
  20. Web site: Who administers and provides public services in Chennai?. 21 August 2021. 1 June 2024. Citizen matters.
  21. Web site: Chennai, India. Urban Emissions. 23 July 2024.
  22. Web site: Chennai activities . . 28 December 2012 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20121116141448/http://nasscom.org/chennai-activities . 16 November 2012.
  23. News: Chennai emerging as India's Silicon Valley? . . 1 May 2008 . 28 December 2012 . Rajesh . Chandramouli . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200820000027/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/Infotech/Software/Chennai_emerging_as_Indias_Silicon_Valley/articleshow/3000410.cms . 20 August 2020.
  24. Book: Business America . 1997 . . 14 .
  25. Book: Chris Devonshire-Ellis . Doing Business in India . 2012 . . 978-3-642-27617-0 . 218 .
  26. Book: U.S. International Trade Commission . Competitive Conditions for Foreign Direct Investment in India, Staff Research Study #30 . 2007 . DIANE Publishing . 978-1-457-81829-5 . 2–10 .
  27. Web site: Scorching hot during summer and unbelievably crowded, the modern city of Chennai dipped in traditions from its Madras days never fails to surprise a traveller . Mohan . Vishnu . 5 October 2020 . . 31 December 2021 .
  28. News: Vikas . S. V. . World Tourism Day 2018: Significance, theme and why it is observed . . 27 September 2018 . 27 September 2018.
  29. Web site: Global Cities Index . 2024-08-12 . Oxford Economics . en-US.