Graphium fulleri explained

Graphium fulleri is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Chad.^[1]

Description

The broad black marginal band of the hindwing is always ornamented with light spots. The wings have a common light median band, which does not reach the base of the hindwing and is interrupted in cellule 5 of the forewing. Hindwing beneath without black basal, dot in cellule 7 and consequently with only two such dots. Hindwing with 3—8 usually double sub¬marginal spots. The markings are light yellow; the median band formed almost exactly as in G. ucalegon-, cell of the forewing with an apical spot and a streak at the hindmargin between veins 3 and 4; hindwing with two submarginal dots each in cellules 2—6 and with three large discal spots about in the middle of cellules 2—4, beneath red at the base.^[2]

Subspecies

• Graphium fulleri fulleri (Cameroon, Congo)
• Graphium fulleri boulleti (Le Cerf, 1912)^[3] (Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo)

Taxonomy

Graphium fulleri belongs to a species group with 16 members. All are very similar.fulleri is possibly a form of Graphium ucalegonides .The species group members are:

• Graphium abri Smith & Vane-Wright, 2001
• Graphium adamastor (Boisduval, 1836)
• Graphium agamedes (Westwood, 1842)
• Graphium almansor (Honrath, 1884)
• Graphium auriger (Butler, 1876)
• Graphium aurivilliusi (Seeldrayers, 1896)
• Graphium fulleri (Grose-Smith, 1883)
• Graphium hachei (Dewitz, 1881)
• Graphium kigoma Carcasson, 1964
• Graphium olbrechtsi Berger, 1950
• Graphium poggianus (Honrath, 1884)
• Graphium rileyi Berger, 1950
• Graphium schubotzi (Schultze, 1913)
• Graphium simoni (Aurivillius, 1899),
• Graphium ucalegon (Hewitson, 1865)[</small> *''[[Graphium ucalegonides]] (Staudinger, 1884)

Biogeographic realm

Afrotropical realm

Images

External images from Royal Museum of Central Africa.

References

• Book: Collins . N. Mark . Morris . Michael G. . Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book . 1985 . . Gland & Cambridge . 978-2-88032-603-6 . Biodiversity Heritage Library.

External links

• Global Butterfly Information System Images of specimens and types in Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin. (G. fulleri ssp. divisimacula, foersterius, sanganoides, sanganus)
• Book: Collins . N. Mark . Morris . Michael G. . Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book . 1985 . . Gland & Cambridge . 978-2-88032-603-6 . Biodiversity Heritage Library.
• External images

Notes and References

1. http://atbutterflies.com/downloads/papilionidae_leptocercini.doc Afrotropical Butterflies: File C – Papilionidae - Tribe Leptocercini
2. Aurivillius, [P.O.]C. 1908-1924. In: Seitz, A. Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde Band 13: Abt. 2, Die exotischen Großschmetterlinge, Die afrikanischen Tagfalter, 1925, 613 Seiten, 80 Tafeln (The Macrolepidoptera of the World 13).Alfred Kernen Verlag, Stuttgart.
3. Le Cerf, F. 1912. Description d’un Papilio du Congo francais. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 1912: 382-383.