Order of the Two Niles explained

Order of the Two Niles
Native Name:	وسام النيلين
Native Name Lang:	ar
Awarded By:	Sudan
Type:	Order of Merit
Country:	Sudan
For:	Providing great services to the state
Status:	Currently constituted
Head Title:	Grand Master
Classes:	Grand Cordon (Class I) Grand Officer (Class II) Commander (Class III) Officer (Class IV) Knight (Class V)
Higher:	Order of the Republic
Lower:	Order of Merit, Order of Distinction, or Order of Righteous Son of Sudan

The Order of the Two Niles is a state decoration of Sudan established on 16 November 1961 during Ibrahim Abboud's military government.^[1] The Order of the Two Niles – White and Blue Niles – is Sudan's second-highest honour after the Order of the Republic. The order is given to Sudanese and foreigners, civilians and military, who provided great services to the state.^[2] The order has five classes.^[3]

Classes

Name	Image	Notes
Class I, Grand Cordon		Awarded to the head of state and ambassadors to Sudan at the end of their office term.
Class II, Grand Officer		Given to ministers and generals.
Class III, Commander		Awarded to colonels, lieutenant colonels, and civilians of similar rank.
Class IV, Officer		Awarded to majors and captains and civilians of similar rank.
Class V, Knight		Awarded to lieutenants and below and civilians of similar rank.

Insignia

The star, sash, and badge make up the First Class insignia. The star has ten points and is covered in gold. A ten-ended star is created by superimposing two five-pointed stars with truncated rays on top of one another. The surfaces of the stars are covered with vertical and, consequently, horizontal rays. The star consists of four layers and is particularly huge (102 mm) and heavy (8 1⁄2 ozs). A 40 mm white medallion sits in the middle with the inscription in dark blue: "El Nilein ", or "The Two Niles" in Arabic calligraphy. The gold medallion is attached to the ribbon by means of a transition element in the form of a rhinoceros pendant. Rhinoceros was the Republic of Sudan emblem until it became the Democratic Republic of Sudan and changed the emblem in 1985 to a secretarybird.^[4] The ribbon is Royal blue moiré with two 5 mm white stripes toward each edge and is 51 mm wide. The badge is of the same pattern but smaller, measuring 58 mm across.^[5]

Class II consists of the star and a neck badge, Class III consists of a neck badge, and Class IV and V consist of chest badges.^[6] The insignia is made by Garrard & Co (London, England), Eng Leong Medallic Industries and Bichay (Cairo, Egypt).^[7]

Notable recipients

Class I: Grand Cordon

• 1972 Burgess Carr^[8] for his role in mediating the Addis Ababa Agreement (1972)
• 1979 Ahmed Mohamed El Hassan^{[9] [10]}
• 1988 Akef El-Maghraby^[11]
• 1999 Abdul Rahman Al-Sumait^[12]
• 2000 Jacques Diouf^[13]
• 2001 Amr Moussa^{[14] [15] [16]}
• 2001 Saleh Abdullah Kamel^[17]
• 2002 Stefan Jakobielski^[18]
• 2009 Essa Abdulla Al Basha Al Noaimi^[19]
• 2013 Suleiman Jasir Al-Herbish^[20]
• 2013 Deepak Vohra^[21]
• 2015 Hassan Ahmed Al Shehhi^[22]
• 2015 OPEC Fund for International Development^[23]
• 2016 Ghaith bin Moubarak Al-Kuwari^{[24] [25]}
• 2016 Taleb Rifai^[26]
• 2016 Mohammed Matar Salem Al Kaabi^[27]
• 2016 Abdalrhaman Salih El-Benian^[28]
• 2017 Ghanem bin Shaheen Al-Ghanim^[29]
• 2017 Tareq bin Mosa la Zedjali^[30]
• 2018 Marta Ruedas^{[31] [32] [33]}
• 2018 Osama Shaltout^{[34] [35]}
• 2018 José Graziano da Silva^[36]
• 2020 Mian Dutt^[37]
• 2020 Yevgeny Prigozhin^[38]
• 2021 Al-Hussein Ould Sidi Abdullah^[39]
• 2021 Emmanuel Platman^[40]
• 2021 Ahmed Ali Bri^[41]
• 2021 Ravdendra Prasad Jaswal^[42]
• 2022 Alberto Ucelay^[43]
• 2022 Abdul-Rahman bin Ali Al-Kubaisi^{[44] [45]}
• 2022 ^{[46] [47]}
• 2022 Hossam Issa^{[48] [49]}
• 2022 Bassam Al-Qabandi^{[50] [51]}
• 2022 Ma Xinmin^[52]
• 2022 Patricia Maria Oliveira^[53]
• 2023 ^{[54] [55]}
• 2023 Lee Sang-Jeong^{[56] [57]}
• Jean-Bédel Bokassa^[58]
• Koča Popović^{[59] [60]}
• Norman Jackson^[61]
• Adel Abdalaziz Al-Rshoud^[62]

Class II: Grand Officer

• 1985 Bob Geldof^{[63] [64] [65]}
• 2002 ^{[66] [67]}
• 2004 Ahmed H. Zewail^[68] who was also awarded Egypt’s Order of the Nile in 1999^[69]
• 2006 William Y. Adams^{[70] [71] [72] [73]}
• 2012 Sabah Al-Khalid Al-Sabah^{[74] [75]}
• 2019 Ibrahim Osman El-Amir^[76]
• 2023 David Beasley^{[77] [78] [79]}

Class III: Commander

• 1972 Abdalah Grosh^[80]
• Arthur Young
• Jamal al-Faisal^[81]
• Kamil Idris^[82]

Unknown class

• 1965 Anthony Derrick Parsons
• 1973 Sérgio Vieira de Mello^[83]
• 1974 Faisal bin Sultan Al Qassimi^[84]
• 1980 James Rodgers Allen^{[85] [86]}
• 1984 Clive Kelday Smith^[87]
• 1988 Ahmad Fathi Sorour^[88]
• 1989 Mohamed Hamad Satti^[89]
• 1989 Daoud Mustafa Khalid
• 1990 Muhammed Saleh Abdul-Wahab^[90]
• 2001 Hosny El-Lakany^[91]
• 2001 Salim Ahmed Salim
• 2004 Peter Lewis Shinnie^{[92] [93] [94]}
• 2004 Ergon agathon^[95]
• 2005 Sepp Blatter^[96]
• 2005 Abdulaziz bin Ahmed Al Saud^{[97] [98]}
• 2007 Raymond Stewart^[99]
• 2009 Rodolphe Adada^[100]
• 2016 Bashir Hassan Bashir^[101]
• 2017 Samora Yunis^[102]
• 2017 Abdillahi Omar Bouh^[103]
• 2017 Mohammad Al-Khodher^[104]
• 2018 Rashid Abdullah Al Nuaimi^[105]
• Abdel Halim Mohamed^{[106] [107]}
• Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria
• Sarabamon^[108]
• Branko Mamula
• Jean Leclant

Notes and References

1. Web site: بشأن قانون الاوسمة والانواط لسنة 1961 . . 2023-03-15 . site.eastlaws.com . 15 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230315183543/http://site.eastlaws.com/GeneralSearch/Home/ArticlesTDetails?MasterID=201399 . live .
2. Web site: Order of the Two Niles . 2023-03-11 . wawards.org . 3 April 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210403010736/http://wawards.org/ru/sudan/order-of-the-two-niles.html . live .
3. Web site: 2002-03-19 . От слона до чертополоха . 2023-03-11 . www.kommersant.ru . ru . 28 January 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210128070135/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/314560 . live .
4. The International Flag Book in Color by Christian Fogd Pedersen (1971), p. 91.
5. Web site: 2014-05-14 . Награды Судана . 2023-03-11 . 2014-05-14 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140514171646/http://wawards.org/afrika/sud/9/medal.html . dead .
6. Web site: 2004-12-14 . Medals of the Republic of Sudan (IEPE) . 2023-03-11 . 2004-12-14 . https://web.archive.org/web/20041214045428/http://faculty.winthrop.edu/haynese/medals/sudan.html . bot: unknown .
7. O'Toole . E.H. . January 1967 . Sudan: Order of the Two Nile . Journal of the Orders and Medals Society of America . 18 . 1 . 1–2 . 13 March 2023 . 2 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230102224841/http://www.omsa.org/files/jomsa_arch/Splits/1967/276210_JOMSA_Vol18_1_01.pdf . live .
8. Web site: House of Representatives, Committee on Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on Africa . 23 July 1973 . Minority Rule and Refugees in Africa (The Role of the All Africa Conference of Churches) . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171201032830/http://njlaw.rutgers.edu/collections/gdoc/hearings/7/73603226/73603226-0005.pdf . 1 December 2017 . 15 March 2023 . U.S. Government Document . Washington, D.C..
9. Book: Ahmed El Safi. Ahmed Mohamed El Hassan: Milestones in tropical disease, pathology, cancer research & medical education . 978-1096419341 . April 30, 2019 . Independently published . 14 March 2023 . 20 November 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221120175615/https://media.tghn.org/site_finder/sites/documents/Ahmed_Mohamed_El-Hassan_his_life_and_work.pdf . live .
10. Web site: Ahmed Elhassan Just another UofK site . 2022-11-20 . en-US . 27 November 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221127025924/http://staffpages.uofk.edu/ahmed-e-hassan/ . live .
11. Web site: StackPath . 2023-03-13 . www.magrabi.com.sa . 3 August 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210803213942/https://www.magrabi.com.sa/awards-and-decorations/ . live .
12. Web site: fiaz . Our achievements . 2023-03-13 . Direct Aid Society . en-GB . 13 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313211434/https://direct-aid.org/cms/en/about-us/our-achievements/ . live .
13. Web site: [ftp://ftp.fao.org/about/dg-cv-y9776e2.pdf CURRICULUM VITAE: Dr Jacques Diouf, Director-General Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) ]. 2023-03-14 . 2017-05-18 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170518092509/ftp://ftp.fao.org/about/dg-cv-y9776e2.pdf . October 2008 . bot: unknown .
14. Web site: Biography of Amre Moussa . Europa.eu . 13 March 2023 . 13 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313204856/https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meetdocs/2004_2009/documents/dv/afet_04112008_cvmoussa/afet_04112008_cvmoussaEN.pdf . live .
15. Web site: Webneoo . Takreem A better image of the Arab world . 2023-03-13 . www.takreem.net . en . 2019-11-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191107223047/http://takreem.net/ . dead .
16. Web site: League of Arab States (LAS) partnership with Museum With No Frontiers (MWNF) . 2023-03-13 . www.museumwnf.org . 13 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313204858/https://www.museumwnf.org/league-of-arab-states/?page=LAS-previous-secretary-general.php&sgid=SG2001 . live .
17. Web site: Sheikh Saleh Abdullah Kamel ATF . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313210109/https://arabthought.org/en/member/38/sheikh-saleh-abdullah-kamel . 13 March 2023 . 2023-03-13 . arabthought.org . en.
18. Web site: Stefan Jakobielski, PhD, Dr habil. . 2023-03-13 . www.iksiopan.pl . 13 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313210109/http://www.iksiopan.pl/index.php/en/structure/research-staff/147-stefan-jakobielski-phd-dr-habil . live .
19. Web site: (Wam) . Sudan awards UAE Ambassador 'The Order of the Two Niles' . 2023-03-13 . Khaleej Times . en . 13 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313204857/https://www.khaleejtimes.com/article/sudan-awards-uae-ambassador-the-order-of-the-two-niles . live .
20. http://www.ofid.org/Portals/0/CV_website_Jan2017.pdf
21. News: 23 August 2023. Seminar on global mega trends held. Tribune India. 25 January 2013.
22. Web site: The President of the Republic to grant the Ambassador of the UAE the first-class order of the two Niles » رئاسة الجمهورية - القصر الجمهوري . 2023-03-13 . www.presidency.gov.sd . 13 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313210115/https://www.presidency.gov.sd/news/145-the-president-of-the-republic-to-grant-the-ambassador-of-the-uae-the-first-class-order-of-the-two-niles . live .
23. Web site: 2015-02-24 . OFID Attends Inauguration Ceremony of Sudan's Roseires Dam . 2023-03-13 . Arab Development Portal . en . 13 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313211430/https://www.arabdevelopmentportal.com/news/ofid-attends-inauguration-ceremony-sudan%E2%80%99s-roseires-dam . live .
24. Web site: 2016-05-11 . Bashir honours Qatari minister with Order of the Two Niles . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313204857/https://www.qatar-tribune.com/article/649/NATION/Bashir-honours-Qatari-minister-with-Order-of-the-Two-Niles . 13 March 2023 . 2023-03-13 . Qatar Tribune . en.
25. Web site: QNA/Khartoum . 2016-05-10 . Sudan honours Qatar's minister with top award . 2023-03-13 . Gulf Times . en . 13 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313211421/https://www.gulf-times.com/story/492983/sudan-honours-qatars-minister-with-top-award . live .
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27. Web site: Chariman . 2023-03-13 . www.awqaf.gov.ae . 2 October 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221002221601/https://www.awqaf.gov.ae/en/chairman . live .
28. Web site: «عكاظ» (الرياض) . 2016-12-27 . الرئيس السوداني يقلد رئيس هيئة الأركان وسام النيلين . 2023-03-15 . Okaz . Arabic . 15 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230315181421/https://www.okaz.com.sa/local/na/1517444 . live .
29. Web site: الشرق . 2017-12-26 . البشير يمنح رئيس الأركان وسام النيلين من الدرجة الأولى . 2023-03-15 . m.al-sharq.com . ar . 15 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230315181413/https://m.al-sharq.com/article/26/12/2017/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AD-%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%89 . live .
30. Web site: Observer . Oman . 2017-03-20 . Bashir confers order on Omani official . 2023-03-13 . Oman Observer . en . 13 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313213016/https://www.omanobserver.om/article/85646/Local/bashir-confers-order-on-omani-official . live .
31. Web site: Dabanga . 2018-04-27 . UN Humanitarian Coordinator in Sudan honoured by Al Bashir . 2023-03-13 . Dabanga Radio TV Online . en-GB . 13 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313204858/https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/un-humanitarian-coordinator-in-sudan-honoured-by-al-bashir . live .
32. Web site: 2018-04-28 . UN Complicity in the Darfur Genocide Takes Many Forms . 2023-03-13 . Sudan Research, Analysis, and Advocacy . en-US . 13 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313193856/https://sudanreeves.org/2018/04/28/8613/ . live .
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34. Web site: 2018-09-25 . Sudanese President awards Egyptian Ambassador First-Class Order of Two Niles . 2023-03-13 . EgyptToday . 13 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313201323/https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/58069/Sudanese-President-awards-Egyptian-Ambassador-First-Class-Order-of-Two . live .
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38. Web site: Wagner PMC founder offers mediation services for settlement in Sudan . 2023-08-05 . TASS.
39. Web site: 2021-05-31 . السودان تمنح السفير الموريتاني وسام النيلين من الطبقة الأولى . 2023-03-15 . الأخبار: أول وكالة أنباء موريتانية مستقلة . ar . 15 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230315181423/https://alakhbar.info/?q=node%2F33226 . live .
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42. Web site: وسام النيلين من البرهان لـ"رافدندرا براساد جاسوال" . 2023-03-15 . باج نيوز . ar . 15 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230315181418/https://bajnews.net/%d9%88%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%84%d9%80%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%af%d9%86%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1/ . live .
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47. Web site: 2022-09-01 . Al-Burhan awards the Turkish ambassador to Sudan a high medal . 2023-03-13 . Move 2 Turkey . en-US . 13 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313204858/https://move2turkey.com/al-burhan-awards-the-turkish-ambassador-to-sudan-a-high-medal/ . live .
48. Web site: Sudan Radio » Al-Burhan confers Order of Two Niles on Egyptian ambassador . 2023-03-13 . 13 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230313204906/https://www.sudanradio.sd/en/?p=50708 . live .
49. Web site: 2022-10-27 . رئيس مجلس السيادة، يمنح السفير المصري، لدى السودان وسام النيلين من الطبقة الأولى بمناسبة انتهاء فترة عمله المسار نيوز . 2023-03-15 . ar . 15 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230315181414/https://www.elmasarnews.com/%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9%D8%8C-%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AD-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A/ . live .
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