Deutsche Grammophon Explained

Deutsche Grammophon
Parent:Universal Music Group (UMG)
Founder:Emile Berliner
Distributor:Decca Records[1]
Verve Records (US)
Genre:Classical music

Contemporary Classical Music

Country:Germany
Location:Stralauer Allee 1
10245 Berlin, Germany
Website:https://www.deutschegrammophon.com/en

Deutsche Grammophon (pronounced as /de/; DGG) is a German classical music record label that was the precursor of the corporation PolyGram. Headquartered in Berlin Friedrichshain, it is now part of Universal Music Group (UMG) since its merger with the UMG family of labels in 1999. Deutsche Grammophon is the world's oldest surviving established record company.[2] Presidents of the company are Frank Briegmann, Chairman and CEO Central Europe of Universal Music Group and Clemens Trautmann.

History

Deutsche Grammophon Gesellschaft was founded in 1898 by German-born United States citizen Emile Berliner as the German branch of his Berliner Gramophone Company. Berliner sent his nephew Joseph Sanders from America to set up operations.[3] Based in the city of Hanover (the founder's birthplace), the company became a fully owned subsidiary of the Gramophone Company Ltd. in 1900 and an affiliate of the US Victor Talking Machine Company. After the outbreak of World War I in 1914, the company seceded from the Gramophone Company.[4] Though no longer affiliated with Gramophone Company and Victor, Deutsche Grammophon retained the "His Master's Voice" trademark featuring Nipper the dog for use in Germany until the late 1940s; for several years following its secession, the company even continued selling recordings made from pre-war matrices owned by the Gramophone Company and Victor.[5]

In 1941, Deutsche Grammophon was purchased by Siemens & Halske. In 1949, Deutsche Grammophon sold the German rights of the His Master's Voice trademark to the Electrola unit of EMI.[6] The dog and gramophone were replaced by the crown of tulips, designed by Siemens advertising consultant Hans Domizlaff.[7] The distinctive yellow cartouche banner, occupying almost a third of each recording's cover, first appeared in 1957[8] and was a staple of the majority of its full-price recordings until the early years of the 21st century, when it all but disappeared from new releases. It has since enjoyed something of a revival in newer recordings.

In 1962, Siemens formed a joint venture with Netherlands-based Philips to create the DGG/PPI Record Group, which became PolyGram Records in 1972. By this time, DGG had built a reputation for high-quality recording in the classical field as well as a notable roster of contracted singers, musicians, and conductors. Through its subsidiary label Archiv Produktion it also stimulated interest in Western medieval and renaissance music, 15th – 16th century choral polyphony, Gregorian chant, and pioneering use of "historical instruments" and performance practices in recordings.

DGG/Polydor's entrance into the US market in 1969 (DGG had previous been distributed in the US by Decca and MGM Records) came at a time when the leading US classical music labels RCA Victor Red Seal and Columbia Masterworks were dropping most of their unlucrative classical artists and pressing inferior quality records. DGG's high quality recordings and pressings attracted artists such as Arthur Fiedler and the Boston Pops Orchestra (who had recorded for RCA Victor since 1935) and Leonard Bernstein (after several years with Columbia) to DGG/Polydor. In 1987, Siemens sold off its interest in PolyGram, and Philips became the majority shareholder. In 1998, the Seagram company of Canada purchased Deutsche Grammophon and PolyGram on behalf of its Universal Music Group subsidiary. Since then, UMG was sold and became a division of Vivendi until its IPO in September 2021.

Deutsche Grammophon pioneered the introduction of the compact disc to the mass market, debuting classical music performed by Herbert von Karajan and the Berlin Philharmonic for sale in the new medium in 1983, the first recording being Richard Strauss's Eine Alpensinfonie.

Deutsche Grammophon has a huge back catalogue of notable recordings. The company was reissuing a portion of it in its Originals series; compact disc releases are noted for their vinyl record stylized design. It is also releasing some of American Decca Records' albums from the 1940s and 1950s, such as those that Leonard Bernstein made for Decca in 1953, and the classic Christmas album that features Ronald Colman's starring in A Christmas Carol and Charles Laughton's narrating Mr. Pickwick's Christmas. Along with the American Decca Records classical music catalogue, Deutsche Grammophon also manages the classical music catalogue of ABC Records, including Westminster Records which, along with American Decca, were part of MCA Records.

Although Deutsche Grammophon acquired the reputation of releasing mainstream classical recordings, from the 1960s onwards it released an increasing number of avant-garde recordings (initially under the Avant-Garde imprint), including Bruno Maderna, David Bedford, Cornelius Cardew, Luigi Nono and improvisations. It also released the majority of the compositions of Karlheinz Stockhausen until the composer bought the rights to the recordings and re-released them on his own label. Other German composers associated with the label included Paul Hindemith and Hans Werner Henze.

Contemporary composers whose works were released by Deutsche Grammophon include Hildur Guðnadóttir, Sofia Gubaidulina, Oliver Knussen, Mark-Anthony Turnage, Mohammed Fairouz, Péter Eötvös, Luigi Nono, Sven Helbig, Jonny Greenwood, Bryce Dessner, Witold Lutosławski, Philip Glass, Vangelis, Tori Amos and Max Richter.

The conductor most associated with the label is Herbert von Karajan. Other conductors under contract included Ferenc Fricsay, Carlos Kleiber, Karl Böhm, Karl Richter, Eugen Jochum, Rafael Kubelík, Leonard Bernstein, Pierre Boulez, Claudio Abbado, and Christian Thielemann. Recent signings include Long Yu,[9] Yannick Nézet-Séguin,[10] Gustavo Dudamel, Hera Hyesang Park, and Myung-whun Chung.

The label's series[11] features electronic adaptations of classical works.[12]

Artists

Catalogue Series

External links

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Notes and References

  1. Web site: Decca Records. Decca. 2013-04-05. 2015-02-08. https://web.archive.org/web/20150208100952/http://decca.com/about/. dead.
  2. Book: Billboard – . 36 . . 15 September 1973 . Nielsen Business Media . 28 February 2013.
  3. Book: Who's who in the nation's capital. 448.
  4. Book: Matland, Peter. 1997. Since Records Began: EMI The First 100 Years. Batsford . 41, 43, 73 . 0-7134-6207-8.
  5. Web site: Grammophon 78 RPM – Label Discography – Germany – 78 RPM World. 45worlds.com.
  6. Web site: DG History: The Fifth Decade (1940–1949) . 2016-10-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161030081117/http://history.deutschegrammophon.com/en_GB/1940-1949 . 2016-10-30 . dead .
  7. Web site: About us – Chronicle. Emil Berliner Studios. 2015-04-07. 2020-07-29. https://web.archive.org/web/20200729234154/http://www.emil-berliner-studios.com/en/chronik3.html. dead.
  8. Web site: The History of DG Logos .
  9. Web site: Cullingford . Martin . DG signs Long Yu and the Shanghai Symphony Orchestra . Gramophone Magazine . 7 June 2018.
  10. Web site: Deutsche Grammophon Announces Exclusive Recording Contract with Yannick Nézet-Séguin . The Violin Channel . 31 May 2018 . 7 June 2018.
  11. Web site: Max Richter Recomposes Vivaldi's Four Seasons. The next edition in the Deutsche Grammophon series takes on one of the most recognizable pieces of music ever written.. Ra.co. 29 June 2022.
  12. Web site: Herbert recomposes Mahler. The UK experimentalist is next in line for Deutsche Grammophon's acclaimed series of electronic remixes of classical music.. Ra.co. 29 June 2022.

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