List of governors of Rhode Island explained

Post:	Governor
Body:	Rhode Island
Flag:	Flag of the Governor of Rhode Island.svg
Flagborder:	yes
Flagcaption:	Flag of the governor
Insignia:	Seal of the Governor of Rhode Island.svg
Insigniasize:	110px
Insigniacaption:	Seal of the governor
Incumbent:	Dan McKee
Incumbentsince:	March 2, 2021
Termlength:	Four years, renewable once consecutively
Deputy:	Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island
Inaugural:	Nicholas Cooke
Salary:	$128,210 (2013)^[1]

The governor of Rhode Island is the head of government of Rhode Island and serves as commander-in-chief of the U.S. state's Army National Guard and Air National Guard. The current governor is Dan McKee.

Governors

Rhode Island was one of the original Thirteen Colonies and was admitted as a state on May 29, 1790.^[2] Before it declared its independence, Rhode Island was a colony of the Kingdom of Great Britain.

The state initially continued operating under the provisions of its 1663 charter, which simply said that the governor and deputy-governor would be elected from time to time. The 1842 constitution formalized the terms for governor and lieutenant governor to be one year, beginning on the first Tuesday of May after the election.^[3] Amendment XVI, taking effect in 1911, changed the term to be two years beginning from the first Tuesday in the January after the election.^[4] Terms were lengthened to four years in 1992, but governors were now limited to succeeding themselves only once.^[5] A former governor can run again after a four year break. Should the office of governor be vacant, the lieutenant governor becomes governor.^[6] The governor and the lieutenant governor are not officially elected on the same ticket.

!scope="colgroup" colspan="3"

Governor	Term in office	Party	Election	Lt. Governor
1			Nicholas Cooke ^[7]	- May 6, 1778	None	1776
						1777
2			William Greene ^[8]	- May 3, 1786	None	1778
						1779
						1780
						1781
						1782
						1783
						1784
						1785
3			John Collins ^[9]	^[10]  - May 5, 1790	None	1786
						1787
						1788
						1789
4			Arthur Fenner ^[11]	^[12]  - October 15, 1805	Country	1790
						1791
						1792
						1793
						1794
						1795
						1796
						1797
						1798
						1799
						1800
						1801
						1802
						1803
						1804
						1805
							Vacant
5	data-sort-value="Smith, Henry"			Henry Smith ^[13]	- May 7, 1806	Democratic- Republican
6	data-sort-value="Wilbour, Isaac"			Isaac Wilbour ^[14]	^[15]  - May 6, 1807	Democratic- Republican	1806		Acting as governor
7		James Fenner ^[16]		- May 1, 1811	Democratic- Republican	1807
						1808
						1809
						1810
8			William Jones ^[17]	- May 7, 1817	Federalist	1811
						1812
						1813
						1814
						1815
						1816
9			Nehemiah R. Knight ^[18]	^[19]  - January 9, 1821	Democratic- Republican	1817
						1818
						1819
						1820
—	data-sort-value="Wilcox, Edward"			Edward Wilcox ^[20]	- May 2, 1821	Democratic- Republican		Vacant
10			William C. Gibbs ^[21]	^[22]  - May 5, 1824	Democratic- Republican	1821
						1822
						1823
11			James Fenner	^[23]  - May 4, 1831	Democratic- Republican	1824
						1825
						1826
						1827
						1828
						1829
						1830
12			Lemuel H. Arnold ^[24]	^[25]  - May 1, 1833	National Republican	1831
						1832
13			John Brown Francis ^[26]	^[27]  - May 2, 1838	Democratic- Republican/ Anti-Masonic	1833
					Democratic	1834
						1835
						1836
						1837
14	data-sort-value="Sprague, William 3"			William Sprague III ^[28]	^[29]  - May 2, 1839	Whig	1838
15		Samuel Ward King ^[30]		^[31]  - May 2, 1843	Whig	1839
						1840
						1841
						1842
16			James Fenner	^[32]  - May 6, 1845	Law and Order	1843
						1844
17	data-sort-value="Jackson, Charles"			Charles Jackson ^[33]	^[34]  - May 6, 1846	Liberation			1845
18	data-sort-value="Diman, Byron"			Byron Diman ^[35]	^[36]  - May 4, 1847	Law and Order	1846
19			Elisha Harris ^[37]	^[38]  - May 1, 1849	Whig	1847
						1848
20			Henry B. Anthony ^[39]	^[40]  - May 6, 1851	Whig	1849
						1850
21			Philip Allen ^[41]	^[42]  - July 20, 1853	Democratic	1851
						1852
						1853
22	data-sort-value="Dimond, Francis"			Francis M. Dimond ^[43]	^[44]  - May 2, 1854	Democratic		Vacant
23			William W. Hoppin ^[45]	^[46]  - May 26, 1857	Whig	1854
						1855
						1856
24			Elisha Dyer ^[47]	^[48]  - May 31, 1859	Republican	1857
						1858
25	data-sort-value="Turner, Thomas"			Thomas G. Turner ^[49]	^[50]  - May 29, 1860	Republican	1859
26			William Sprague IV ^[51]	^[52]  - March 3, 1863	Democratic	1860
						1861
							Vacant
27	data-sort-value="Cozzens, William"			William C. Cozzens ^[53]	^[54]  - May 26, 1863	Democratic
28			James Y. Smith ^[55]	- May 29, 1866	Republican	1863
						1864
29			Ambrose Burnside ^[56]	^[57]  - May 25, 1869	Republican	1866
						1867
30			Seth Padelford ^[58]	^[59]  - May 27, 1873	Republican	1869
						1870
						1871
						1872
31			Henry Howard ^[60]	^[61]  - May 25, 1875	Republican	1873
						1874
32			Henry Lippitt ^[62]	^[63]  - May 29, 1877	Republican	1875
						1876
33			Charles C. Van Zandt ^[64]	^[65]  - May 25, 1880	Republican	1877
						1878
						1879
34			Alfred H. Littlefield ^[66]	^[67]  - May 29, 1883	Republican	1880
						1881
						1882
35			Augustus O. Bourn ^[68]	^[69]  - May 26, 1885	Republican	1883
						1884
36			George P. Wetmore ^[70]	^[71]  - May 31, 1887	Republican	1885
						1886
37	data-sort-value="Davis, John"			John W. Davis ^[72]	^[73]  - May 29, 1888	Democratic	1887
38	data-sort-value="Taft, Royal"			Royal C. Taft ^[74]	^[75]  - May 28, 1889	Republican	1888
39	data-sort-value="Ladd, Herbert"			Herbert W. Ladd ^[76]	^[77]  - May 27, 1890	Republican	1889
40	data-sort-value="Davis, John"			John W. Davis	^[78]  - May 26, 1891	Democratic	1890
41	data-sort-value="Ladd, Herbert"			Herbert W. Ladd	^[79]  - May 31, 1892	Republican	1891
42		Daniel Russell Brown ^[80]		^[81]  - May 29, 1895	Republican	1892
						1893
						1894
43		Charles W. Lippitt ^[82]		^[83]  - May 25, 1897	Republican	1895
						1896
44		Elisha Dyer Jr. ^[84]		^[85]  - May 29, 1900	Republican	1897
						1898
						1899
45	data-sort-value="Gregory, William"			William Gregory ^[86]	^[87]  - December 16, 1901	Republican	1900
46		Charles D. Kimball ^[88]		^[89]  - January 6, 1903	Republican		Vacant
						1901
47			Lucius F. C. Garvin ^[90]	^[91]  - January 3, 1905	Democratic	1902
48			George H. Utter ^[92]	^[93]  - January 1, 1907	Republican	1904
49			James H. Higgins ^[94]	^[95]  - January 5, 1909	Democratic	1906
						1907
50			Aram J. Pothier ^[96]	^[97]  - January 5, 1915	Republican	1908
						1909
						1910
						1911
						1912
51			Robert Livingston Beeckman ^[98]	^[99]  - January 4, 1921	Republican	1914
						1916
						1918
52	data-sort-value="San Souci, Emery"			Emery J. San Souci ^[100]	^[101]  - January 2, 1923	Republican		1920
53	data-sort-value="Flynn, William"			William S. Flynn ^[102]	^[103]  - January 6, 1925	Democratic	1922
54			Aram J. Pothier	^[104]  - February 4, 1928	Republican	1924
						1926
55			Norman S. Case ^[105]	^[106]  - January 3, 1933	Republican		Vacant
						1928
						1930
56			Theodore F. Green ^[107]	^[108]  - January 5, 1937	Democratic	1932
						1934
57	data-sort-value="Quinn, Robert"			Robert E. Quinn ^[109]	^[110]  - January 3, 1939	Democratic		1936
58	data-sort-value="Vanderbilt, William"			William Henry Vanderbilt III ^[111]	^[112]  - January 7, 1941	Republican	1938
59			J. Howard McGrath ^[113]	^[114]  - October 6, 1945	Democratic	1940
						1942
						1944
60			John Pastore ^[115]	^[116]  - December 19, 1950	Democratic
						1946
						1948
61	data-sort-value="McKiernan, John"			John S. McKiernan ^[117]	^[118]  - January 2, 1951	Democratic		Vacant
62			Dennis J. Roberts ^[119]	^[120]  - January 6, 1959	Democratic	1950
						1952
						1954
						1956
63	data-sort-value="Del Sesto, Christopher"			Christopher Del Sesto ^[121]	^[122]  - January 3, 1961	Republican		1958
64	data-sort-value="Notte, John"			John A. Notte Jr. ^[123]	^[124]  - January 1, 1963	Democratic		1960
65			John Chafee ^[125]	^[126]  - January 7, 1969	Republican	1962
						1964
						1966
66			Frank Licht ^[127]	^[128]  - January 2, 1973	Democratic	1968
						1970
67			Philip Noel ^[129]	^[130]  - January 4, 1977	Democratic	1972
						1974
68			J. Joseph Garrahy ^[131]	^[132]  - January 1, 1985	Democratic	1976
						1978
						1980
69			Edward D. DiPrete ^[133]	^[134]  - January 1, 1991	Republican	1984
						1986
						1988
70			Bruce Sundlun ^[135]	^[136]  - January 3, 1995	Democratic	1990
						1992
71			Lincoln Almond ^[137]	^[138]  - January 7, 2003	Republican	1994
						1998
72			Donald Carcieri ^[139]	^[140]  - January 4, 2011	Republican	2002
						2006
73	data-sort-value="Chafee, Lincoln"			Lincoln Chafee ^[141]	^[142]  - January 6, 2015	Independent			2010
74			Gina Raimondo ^[143]	- March 2, 2021	Democratic	2014
						2018
75			Dan McKee ^[144]	^[145]  - Incumbent	Democratic
						2022

See also

• Gubernatorial lines of succession in the United States#Rhode Island
• List of Rhode Island state legislatures

References

General

• Web site: Former Rhode Island Governors . June 11, 2023 . National Governors Association.
• Book: Sobel, Robert . Biographical directory of the governors of the United States, 1789-1978, Vol. IV . Meckler Books . 1978 . 9780930466008 . June 13, 2023.
• Book: Dubin, Michael J. . United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1776-1860: The Official Results by State and County . 2003 . McFarland . 978-0-7864-1439-0.
• Book: Dubin, Michael J. . United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1861-1911: The Official Results by State and County . 2014 . McFarland . 978-0-7864-5646-8 . en.
• Book: Kallenbach, Joseph Ernest . American State Governors, 1776-1976 . 1977 . Oceana Publications . 978-0-379-00665-0 . September 23, 2023.
• Book: Glashan, Roy R. . American Governors and Gubernatorial Elections, 1775-1978 . 1979 . Meckler Books . 978-0-930466-17-6.
• Web site: Our Campaigns - Governor of Rhode Island - History . 2023-07-25 . www.ourcampaigns.com.

Specific

External links

• Office of the Governor of Rhode Island

Notes and References

1. Web site: June 25, 2013 . CSG Releases 2013 Governor Salaries . November 23, 2014 . The Council of State Governments.
2. Web site: Ratification of the Constitution by the State of Rhode Island; May 29, 1790 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20151122110326/http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/ratri.asp . November 22, 2015 . October 30, 2015 . The Avalon Project at Yale Law School.
3. 1842 Const. art. 8, § 1
4. https://helindigitalcommons.org/lawarchive/26 "Annotated Constitution of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations"
5. Web site: Rhode Island Recall of Statewide Elected Officials, Proposal 1 (1992) . 2023-06-13 . Ballotpedia . en.
6. RI Const. art. 9, § 9
7. Web site: Nicholas Cooke . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
8. Web site: William Greene . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
9. Web site: John Collins . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
10. News: 1786-05-27 . Providence, (R.I.) May 11. . 2 . Dunlap and Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser . 2023-06-14.
11. Web site: Arthur Fenner . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
12. News: 1790-05-26 . Rhodeisland . 3 . The Vermont Journal . 2023-06-14.
13. Web site: Henry Smith . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
14. Web site: Isaac Wilbour . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
15. News: 1806-05-26 . Rhode-Island . 3 . Weekly Wanderer . 2023-06-14.
16. Web site: James Fenner . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
17. Web site: William Jones . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
18. Web site: Nehemiah Rice Knight . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
19. News: 1817-05-20 . General Election . 2 . Hartford Courant . 2023-06-15.
20. Web site: Edward Cox . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
21. Web site: William Channing Gibbs . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
22. News: 1821-05-09 . Rhode-Island Election . 2 . The Rhode-Island Republican . 2023-06-15.
23. News: 1824-05-13 . Rhode-Island Legislature . 3 . The Rhode-Island Republican . 2023-06-15.
24. Web site: Lemuel Hastings Arnold . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
25. News: 1831-05-04 . none . Governor Arnold then took the chair and proceeded to business... making no remarks or inaugural address to the assembly. . 3 . The Rhode-Island Republican . 2023-06-15.
26. Web site: John Brown Francis . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
27. News: 1833-05-09 . The Legislature . 1 . Herald of The Times . 2023-06-15.
28. Web site: William Sprague . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
29. News: 1838-05-10 . General Election . 1 . Herald of The Times . 2023-06-15.
30. Web site: Samuel King . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
31. News: 1839-05-08 . Rhode-Island Legislature . 2 . The Rhode-Island Republican . 2023-06-15.
32. News: 1843-05-11 . General Assembly . 2 . Herald of The Times . 2023-06-15.
33. Web site: Charles Jackson . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
34. News: 1845-05-15 . General Assembly . 4 . Herald of The Times . 2023-06-16.
35. Web site: Byron Diman . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
36. News: 1846-05-07 . The Legislature . 2 . Herald of The Times . 2023-06-16.
37. Web site: Elisha Harris . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
38. News: 1847-05-13 . General Assembly . 1 . Herald of The Times . 2023-06-16.
39. Web site: Henry Bowen Anthony . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
40. News: 1849-05-03 . Rhode Island Legislature . 3 . Herald of The Times . 2023-06-16.
41. Web site: Phillip Allen . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
42. News: 1851-05-08 . General Assembly . 3 . Herald of The Times . 2023-06-16.
43. Web site: Francis M. Dimond . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
44. News: 1853-07-28 . none . The duties of Governor now devolved upon his Honor the Lieut. Governor, Francis M. Dimond... . 1 . Herald of The Times . 2023-06-16.
45. Web site: William Warner Hoppin . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
46. News: 1854-05-04 . none . The Governor elect appeared and took the oath of office. . 2 . The Westerly Echo, & Pawcatuck Advertiser . 2023-06-16.
47. Web site: Elisha Dyer Sr. . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
48. News: 1857-05-27 . Legislature of Rhode Island . 3 . Hartford Courant . 2023-06-16.
49. Web site: Thomas Goodwin Turner . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
50. News: 1859-06-01 . Rhode Island Politics . 4 . Chicago Tribune . 2023-06-16.
51. Web site: William Sprague . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
52. News: 1860-05-30 . Election at Newport . 2 . Fall River Daily Evening News . 2023-06-16.
53. Web site: William Cole Cozzens . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
54. News: 1863-03-07 . Resignation of Gov. Sprague . 2 . New England Farmer . 2023-06-16.
55. Web site: James Youngs Smith . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
56. Web site: Ambrose Everett Burnside . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
57. News: 1866-06-02 . Inauguration of Gov. Burnside . 2 . New England Farmer . 2023-06-16.
58. Web site: Seth Padelford . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
59. News: 1869-05-26 . Rhode Island Legislature . 1 . The Baltimore Sun . 2023-06-16.
60. Web site: Henry Howard . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
61. News: 1873-05-29 . Letter from Newport . 2 . Boston Evening Transcript . 2023-06-16.
62. Web site: Henry Lippitt . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
63. News: 1875-05-26 . The Rhode Island Legislature . en . 6 . The New York Times . 2023-06-16.
64. Web site: Charles Collins Van Zandt . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
65. News: 1877-05-29 . Gala Day in Newport . 8 . Boston Evening Transcript . 2023-06-16.
66. Web site: Alfred Henry Littlefield . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
67. News: 1880-05-27 . Rhode Island Politics . 1 . The Fall River Daily Herald . 2023-06-16.
68. Web site: Augustus Osborn Bourn . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
69. News: 1883-05-30 . The Rhode Island Legislature . 5 . The New York Times . 2023-06-16.
70. Web site: George Peabody Wetmore . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
71. News: 1885-05-27 . Rhode Island's 'Lection Day . 2 . The New York Times . 2023-06-16.
72. Web site: John William Davis . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
73. News: 1887-06-01 . 'Lection Day . 8 . The Boston Globe . 2023-06-17.
74. Web site: Royal Chapin Taft . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
75. News: 1888-05-30 . Little Rhody's Rulers . 4 . The Boston Globe . 2023-06-17.
76. Web site: Herbert Warren Ladd . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
77. News: 1889-05-29 . Governor Ladd Inaugurated . 2 . New-York Tribune . 2023-06-17.
78. News: 1890-05-31 . Inauguration Day . 1 . Newport Mercury . 2023-06-17.
79. News: 1891-05-26 . 'Lection Day Observed in Ancient Form at Newport . 10 . Boston Evening Transcript . 2023-06-17.
80. Web site: Daniel Russell Brown . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
81. News: 1892-06-01 . Officials Sworn In . 7 . Fall River Daily Evening News . 2023-06-17.
82. Web site: Charles Warren Lippitt . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
83. News: 1895-05-29 . 'Lection Day . 1 . Fall River Globe . 2023-06-17.
84. Web site: Elisha Dyer Jr. . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
85. News: 1897-05-26 . In Ancient Form . 5 . Newport Daily News . 2023-06-17.
86. Web site: William Gregory . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
87. News: 1900-06-02 . General Assembly . 1 . Newport Mercury . 2023-06-17.
88. Web site: Charles Dean Kimball . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
89. News: 1901-12-17 . Rhode Island's Governor . 14 . Boston Evening Transcript . 2023-06-17.
90. Web site: Lucius Fayette Clark Garvin . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
91. News: 1903-01-06 . Democrats Desert . 1 . Fall River Daily Evening News . 2023-06-17.
92. Web site: George Herbert Utter . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
93. News: 1905-01-03 . Governor Utter Inaugurated at Providence . 3 . Transcript-Telegram . 2023-06-17.
94. Web site: James Henry Higgins . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
95. News: 1907-01-01 . Oath to Higgins . 5 . Fall River Globe . 2023-06-17.
96. Web site: Aram Pothier . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
97. News: 1909-01-05 . Gov Pothier In Office . 14 . The Boston Globe . 2023-06-17.
98. Web site: Robert Livingston Beeckman . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
99. News: 1915-01-05 . General Assembly Organizes . 2 . Fall River Daily Evening News . 2023-06-17.
100. Web site: Emery J. San Souci . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
101. News: 1921-01-04 . Gov San Souci Is Inaugurated Today . 1 . The North Adams Transcript . 2023-06-17.
102. Web site: William Smith Flynn . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
103. News: 1923-01-03 . Democratic Governor Sworn: Republicans Rule Legislature . 4 . The Boston Globe . 2023-06-17.
104. News: 1925-01-10 . Inauguration of the New State Government . 4 . Newport Mercury . 2023-06-18.
105. Web site: Norman Stanley Case . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
106. News: 1928-02-10 . Is Native of Providence . 6 . Newport Journal-Weekly News . 2023-06-18.
107. Web site: Theodore Francis Green . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
108. News: 1933-01-04 . Reddy Elected As R.I. Speaker . 3 . The Boston Globe . 2023-06-18.
109. Web site: Robert Emmet Quinn . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
110. News: 1937-01-08 . State G.O.P. Loses Control of Senate . 9 . Newport Mercury . 2023-06-18.
111. Web site: William Henry Vanderbilt . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
112. News: 1939-01-04 . Vanderbilt Takes Office in Rhode Island . 6 . Transcript-Telegram . 2023-06-18.
113. Web site: James Howard McGrath . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
114. News: 1941-01-07 . Gov. McGrath to Reinstate Bressler R.I. State Head . 32 . The Boston Globe . 2023-06-18.
115. Web site: John Orlando Pastore . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
116. News: 1945-10-06 . New Governor Takes Office in Rhode Island . 10 . Fitchburg Sentinel . Associated Press . 2023-06-18.
117. Web site: John Sammon McKiernan . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
118. News: 1950-12-20 . To Be R.I. Governor Till Jan. 2, 1951 . 8 . The North Adams Transcript . Associated Press . 2023-06-18.
119. Web site: Dennis Joseph Roberts . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
120. News: 1951-01-02 . Governor of R.I. Hints Tax Boost at Inauguration . 8 . The Boston Globe . 2023-06-18.
121. Web site: Christopher Del Sesto . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
122. News: 1959-01-06 . Del Sesto Sworn In As Governor, Pledges Better Jobs, Education Aid . 1 . Newport Daily News . 2023-06-18.
123. Web site: John A. Notte . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
124. News: 1961-01-03 . Governor Notte Pledges Aid to Business in R.I. . 1 . Newport Daily News . 2023-06-18.
125. Web site: John Hubbard Chafee . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
126. News: 1963-01-02 . Chafee Takes His Oath of Office Before 2,000 in Vets Auditorium . 1 . Newport Daily News . 2023-06-18.
127. Web site: Frank Licht . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
128. News: 1969-01-07 . Gov. Licht Cites Need for New State Taxes . 1 . Newport Daily News . 2023-06-18.
129. Web site: Philip W. Noel . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
130. News: 1973-01-02 . R.I. Governor Is Inaugurated . 10 . The Bridgeport Post . Associated Press . 2023-06-18.
131. Web site: J. Joseph Garrahy . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
132. News: 1977-01-04 . State of Economy Prime R.I. Issue . 19 . Daily Hampshire Gazette . Associated Press . 2023-06-18.
133. Web site: Edward D. DiPrete . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
134. News: 1985-01-02 . New Governor of R.I. Vows Independence . 21 . The Boston Globe . Associated Press . 2023-06-18.
135. Web site: Bruce G. Sundlun . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
136. News: Sneyd . Ross . 1991-01-02 . R.I. Shuts 45 Banking Outlets . 1 . The Boston Globe . Associated Press . 2023-06-18.
137. Web site: Lincoln Almond . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
138. News: 1995-01-04 . R.I. Governor Pledges End to Corruption . 8B . Portland Press Herald . Associated Press . 2023-06-18.
139. Web site: Don Carcieri . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
140. News: Farrington . Brendan . 2003-01-08 . Jeb Bush Takes Oath for Second Term in Florida; Carcieri Takes Rhode Island Office . A5 . The Morning Call . Associated Press . 2023-06-18.
141. Web site: Lincoln Chafee . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
142. News: 2011-01-04 . Chafee Sworn In As 1st Independent RI Governor . en . Associated Press . 2023-06-18.
143. Web site: Gina Raimondo . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
144. Web site: Dan McKee . June 13, 2023 . National Governors Association.
145. News: Fitzpatrick . Edward . McKee sworn in as Rhode Island’s 76th governor . en-US . Boston Globe . 2023-06-18.