| Post: | Governor of Oregon |
| Insignia: | Seal of Oregon.svg |
| Insigniasize: | 150px |
| Insigniacaption: | Seal of Oregon |
| Flag: | Flag of Oregon.svg |
| Flagsize: | 145px |
| Flagcaption: | State flag |
| Incumbent: | Tina Kotek |
| Department: | Government of Oregon |
| Style: | The Honorable |
| Residence: | Mahonia Hall |
| Incumbentsince: | January 9, 2023 |
| Termlength: | Four years, renewable once in a 12-year period |
| Inaugural: | John Whiteaker |
| Formation: | February 14, 1859 (Constitution of Oregon) |
| Salary: | $98,600 (2018)[1] |
The governor of Oregon is the head of government of Oregon and serves as the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The title of governor was also applied to the office of Oregon's chief executive during the provisional and U.S. territorial governments.
The current governor of Oregon is Tina Kotek, who took office on January 9, 2023. The governor's salary as of 2018 is $98,600.
Article V of the Oregon State Constitution sets up the legal framework of the Oregon Executive Branch.[2] [3]
Article V, Section 1 states that the governor must be a U.S. citizen, at least 30 years of age, and a resident of Oregon for at least three years before the candidate's election. Section 2 extends ineligibility as follows:
Section 1 further sets the maximum number of consecutive years a governor may serve, specifying that
There is no specified limit on the number of total terms. John Kitzhaber is the only governor to have served non-consecutive terms. Kate Brown, who completed Kitzhaber's final term after his resignation, was elected to an additional four-year term but was ineligible to run for a second term due to the restriction on serving more than eight years in a twelve-year span.[4]
Sections 4-7 of Article V outline the formal gubernatorial election procedures such as publishing the winner, ties, disputed elections, and terms of office.
The formal process of certification of results of a gubernatorial election ends when the Secretary of State delivers the results to the Speaker of the Oregon House of Representatives. The Speaker then will publish the results to a joint session of the Oregon Legislative Assembly.
Where an election results in a tie, a joint session of the next legislative session will vote on the two candidates, and declare the winner governor. Legally contested elections are also decided by the full legislature in whichever manner other laws may prescribe.
The gubernatorial line of succession was modified in 1920, 1946, and 1972.[5] The current list is designated as Article V, Section 8a. It defines who may become or act as the governor of Oregon upon the incapacity, death, resignation, or removal from office of a sitting governor. The new governor (or acting governor) will serve out the remainder of the previous governor's or incapacitated governor's term. A special gubernatorial election is required, if there's more than two years remaining in the previous governor's or incapacitated governor's term. Unlike many states, Oregon does not have a Lieutenant Governor (though in 2007, legislation was proposed to establish such an office.)[6] The current order is:
| Position | Current office holder | Colspan=2 | Political party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | Secretary of State | LaVonne Griffin-Valade | Democratic | ||
| 1 | State Treasurer | Tobias Read | Democratic | ||
| 2 | President of the Senate | Rob Wagner | Democratic | ||
| 3 | Speaker of the House | Julie Fahey | Democratic | ||
Four governors have died in office, and five governors have resigned.
The governor is the commander-in-chief of the Oregon Military Department. Power is granted to the governor to mobilize and deploy state military forces.
The power to grant pardons and reprieves and to commute sentences is granted to the governor, with limitations placed upon cases of treason. Additionally, the governor can remit fines and forfeitures. Any use of these powers, however, must be reported to the legislature.
In treason cases, the governor may only grant reprieves. The final matter of pardons, commuting of sentencing, or further reprieves is referred to the legislature in these cases.
The governor has the power to veto legislation, which can be overridden by a two-thirds majority in both houses of the legislature, and can veto particular items from an appropriations or emergency bill while leaving others intact (see line item veto).
If needed, the governor may convene a special session of the legislature by proclamation and is empowered to call for special elections to fill vacant seats. Between the vacancy and special election, the governor is able to appoint a replacement if the appropriate county boards are unable to do so within the designated time period.
Annually, the governor addresses the legislature in their State of the State address. In this speech the governor outlines the current conditions of the state, and makes recommendations to the assembly as to what the government's priorities ought to be.
If the legislature is out of session, the governor may appoint replacements to fill state offices until elections are held or the legislature reconvenes (see recess appointment).
Mahonia Hall in Salem is the official governor's mansion.[10] The house was built in 1924 for hops grower Thomas A. Livesley. It was named Mahonia Hall after citizens raised funds in 1988 to purchase it as Oregon's first official governors' mansion.[11]
Before the purchase of Mahonia Hall, whatever house the governor rented became the "Governor's mansion".[12] Governors Atiyeh and McCall lived in the 1929 Stiff-Jarman House, an English cottage-style (also characterized as Arts and Crafts style)[13] residence currently located in the North Capitol Mall Historic Redevelopment area.[14] [15] After the end of Atiyeh's term, the Stiff-Jarman House became the headquarters of the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality.[13] Today the building houses rented offices.[14]
Meetings at Champoeg led up to the first constitution of the Oregon Country, and a petition for U.S. territorial status. The resulting acts also created this body as a provisional government for the region. The first executives of this government were a three-person, elected committee known as the Executive Committee. In 1845, elections for a chief executive were held. The first person in Oregon to hold the title of governor was George Abernethy, a prominent businessman.[16]