| Cabinet Name: | Second Mahmoud Ahmadinejad Cabinet |
| Cabinet Number: | 10th |
| Jurisdiction: | Islamic Republic of Iran |
| Flag: | Flag_of_Iran.svg |
| Flag Border: | true |
| Incumbent: | President |
| Date Formed: | 3 August 2009 |
| Date Dissolved: | 3 August 2013 |
| Government Head: | Mahmoud Ahmadinejad |
| Deputy Government Head: | Mohammad Reza Rahimi |
| State Head: | Ali Khamenei |
| Current Number: | 21 |
| Former Members Number: | 11 |
| Total Number: | 32 |
| Election: | Iranian presidential election, 2009 |
| Legislature Term: | 8th term9th term |
| Previous: | Ahmadinejad I |
| Successor: | Rouhani I |
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad was the sixth President of Iran which governed during his second term within the tenth Government of Islamic Republic of Iran.
President Ahmadinejad announced controversial ministerial appointments for his second term. Esfandiar Rahim Mashaei was briefly appointed as first vice president, but opposed by a number of Majlis members and by the intelligence minister, Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i. Mashaei followed orders to resign. Ahmadinejad then appointed Mashaei as chief of staff, and fired Mohseni-Eje'i.[1]
On 26 July 2009, Ahmadinejad's government faced a legal problem after he sacked four ministers. Iran's constitution (Article 136) stipulates that, if more than half of its members are replaced, the cabinet may not meet or act before the Majlis approves the revised membership.[2] The Vice Chairman of the Majlis announced that no cabinet meetings or decisions would be legal, pending such a reapproval.[3]
The main list of 21 cabinet appointments was announced on 19 August 2009. On 4 September, Parliament of Iran approved 18 of the 21 candidates and rejected three of them, including two women. Sousan Keshavarz, Mohammad Aliabadi, and Fatemeh Ajorlou were not approved by Parliament for the Ministries of Education, Energy, and Welfare and Social Security respectively.[4] Marzieh Vahid-Dastjerdi won approval as health minister, making her Iran's first woman minister since the Islamic revolution.[5]
On 9 May, Ahmedinejad announced Ministries of Petroleum and Energy would merge, as would Industries and Mines with Commerce, and Welfare with Labour. On 13 May, he dismissed Masoud Mir-Kazemi (Minister of Petroleum), Ali Akbar Mehrabian (Minister Industry and Mines) and Sadegh Mahsouli (Minister of Welfare). On 15 May, he was announced he would be caretaker minister of the Petroleum Ministry.[6]
From August 2009 to February 2013, a total of nine ministers in the cabinet was dismissed by the Majlis, the last of who was labor minister, Reza Sheykholeslam at the beginning of February 2013.[7]
The cabinet included the following members:
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