Prix Goncourt Explained

Prix Goncourt
Awarded For:	"the best and most imaginative prose work of the year"
Reward:	€10
Presenter:	Académie Goncourt
Date:	November, annual
Country:	France
Year:	1903

The Prix Goncourt (French: Le prix Goncourt, pronounced as /fr/, The Goncourt Prize) is a prize in French literature, given by the académie Goncourt to the author of "the best and most imaginative prose work of the year". The prize carries a symbolic reward of only 10 euros, but results in considerable recognition and book sales for the winning author. Four other prizes are also awarded: prix Goncourt du Premier Roman (first novel), prix Goncourt de la Nouvelle (short story), prix Goncourt de la Poésie (poetry) and prix Goncourt de la Biographie (biography). Of the "big six" French literary awards, the Prix Goncourt is the best known and most prestigious.^[1] The other major literary prizes include the, the Prix Femina, the, the Prix Interallié and the Prix Médicis.^[1]

History

Edmond de Goncourt, a successful author, critic, and publisher, bequeathed his estate for the foundation and maintenance of the Académie Goncourt.^[2] In honour of his brother and collaborator, Jules Alfred Huot de Goncourt (1830–1870), the académie has awarded the Prix Goncourt every December since 1903.^[2] The jury that determines the winner meets at the Drouant restaurant in November to make its decision.^[3] Notable winners of the prize include Marcel Proust (In Search of Lost Time), Simone de Beauvoir (The Mandarins), André Malraux (Man's Fate) and Marguerite Duras (The Lover).^[2]

The award was initially established to provide talented new authors with a monetary award that would allow them to write a second book.^[4] Today, the Goncourt has a token prize amount (around 10 euros), about the same amount given in 1903, and so the prestige of the prize has been explained not because of the cash-value of the prize, but "in terms of the tremendous book sales it effects: the Goncourt winner becomes an instant millionaire."^[5] Hervé Le Tellier's The Anomaly, which won the Goncourt in 2020, exceeded a million copies in less than a year after its publication.^[6]

In 1987, the Prix Goncourt des Lycéens was established, as a collaboration between the académie Goncourt, the French Ministry of Education, and Fnac, a book, music, and movie retailer.

The is announced at the same ceremony as the Prix Goncourt. It has become known as something of a second-place prize.^[7]

Controversies

Within months of the first prize in 1903, it spawned a "hostile counter-prize" in the form of the Prix Femina to counter the all-male Jury of the Goncourt with an all-female jury on the Femina.^[8]

Some decisions for awarding the prize have been controversial, a famous case being the decision to award the prize in 1919 to Marcel Proust; this was met with indignation, since many in the public felt that the prize should have gone to Roland Dorgelès for Les Croix de bois, a novel about the First World War.^{[9] [10]} The prize was supposed to be awarded to promising young authors, whereas Proust was not considered "young" at 48 – however Proust was a beginning author which is the only eligibility requirement, age being unimportant.^{[9] [10]}

In 1921, Rene Maran won the Goncourt with Batouala, veritable roman negre, the first French novel to openly criticize European colonialism in Africa. The novel caused "violent reactions" and was banned in all the French colonies.^[11]

In 1932, the prize was controversial for passing up Louis-Ferdinand Céline's Voyage au bout de la nuit for Guy Mazeline's Les Loups.^[12] The voting process became the basis of the 1992 book Goncourt 32 by Eugène Saccomano.^[13]

Although the award may only be given to an author once, Romain Gary won it twice, in 1956 for Les racines du ciel and again under the pseudonym Émile Ajar in 1975 for La vie devant soi.^[14] The Académie Goncourt awarded the prize to Ajar without knowing his real identity.^[14] A period of literary intrigue followed. Gary's cousin's son Paul Pavlowitch posed as the author for a time. Gary later revealed the truth in his posthumous book Vie et mort d'Émile Ajar.^[14]

In September 2021, the Goncourt attracted controversy after the jury decided, by a vote of 7 to 3, to include Les enfants de Cadillac by François Noudelmann on its 2021 list of finalists. Noudelmann is the partner of Camille Laurens, who is a member of the prize's jury. Laurens voted in favor of her partner's book.^[15] In October 2021, the Académie Goncourt ultimately decided that it will no longer allow lovers and family members of the jury to be entered for consideration.^[16]

Selection and voting process

The Prix Goncourt is divided into three selection stages. The first selection is typically composed of fifteen finalists. The second selection is typically composed of eight finalists, narrowed down from the previous fifteen. A third and final selection leaves four finalists.^[17]

In the voting rounds, a maximum of fourteen rounds can be carried out. To begin the deliberation process, the names of the four finalists are placed in a champagne bucket. In turn, the names are taken out and each member of the jury votes aloud in favour of, or in opposition to, the writer. An absolute majority—more than half the votes cast—is required until the tenth round, then a simple majority is sufficient to designate a winner. If, after fourteen rounds, there is no winner, the president's vote counts as double to determine a majority vote. At 12:45p.m., the Secretary General, Philippe Claudel, appears in front of the crowd of journalists and announces the winner. The winner typically waits in a cafe near the Drouant so that they can arrive in time. The winner is interviewed by the media and is offered a symbolic check for ten euros.^[18]

Winners

Prix Goncourt winners^[19]

Year		Author	French title	English title	Transl. year	Film title	Film year	Notes	Publisher (x time)
1903			Force ennemie	Enemy Force	2010				La Plume
1904			La Maternelle			La Maternelle	1933		Albin Michel
1905			Les Civilisés						Paul Ollendorff
1906			Dingley, l'illustre écrivain						Édouard Pelletan
1907			Le Rouet d'ivoire and Jean des Brebis ou le livre de la misère						Plon
1908			Écrit sur de l'eau...						Édition du Feu, later Émile-Paul Frères
1909			En France						Fasquelle
1910			De Goupil à Margot						Mercure de France
1911			Monsieur des Lourdines	The Keynote	1912	Monsieur des Lourdines	1943		Grasset
1912			Les Filles de la pluie						Grasset (2)
1913			Le peuple de la mer						Calmann-Lévy
1914			L'Appel du Sol	The Call of the Soil	1919				Calmann-Lévy (2)
1915			Gaspard	Private Gaspard	1916				Fayard
1916			Le Feu	Under Fire	1917				Flammarion
1917			La Flamme au poing	The Flame That Is France	1918				Albin Michel (2)
1918			Civilisation	Civilization	1919				Mercure de France (2)
1919			A l'ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs	Within a Budding Grove	1920				Gallimard
1920			Nêne	Nêne	1920	Nène^[20]	1924		Plon (2)
1921			Batouala	Batouala	1921				Albin Michel (3)
1922			Le vitriol de la lune and Le martyre de l'obèse						Albin Michel (4)
1923			Rabevel ou Le mal des ardents						Gallimard (2)
1924			Le Chèvrefeuille, le Purgatoire, le Chapitre XIII						Gallimard (3)
1925			Raboliot			Raboliot Raboliot^[21] Raboliot^[22]	1946 1972 2008		Grasset (3)
1926									Gallimard (4)
1927			Jérôme 60° latitude nord	Jerome: or, The Latitude of Love	1928				Gallimard (5)
1928			Un Homme se penche sur son passé		1929	Un homme se penche sur son passé^[23] Les amants de rivière rouge^[24]	1958 1996		Rieder
1929			L'Ordre			L'Ordre^[25]	1985		Gallimard (6)
1930			Malaisie	The Soul of Malaya or Malaisie	1931				Stock
1931			Mal d'amour	Desire	1931				Fayard (2)
1932			Les Loups	The Wolves	1935				Gallimard (7)
1933			La Condition humaine	Man's Fate	1934				Gallimard (8)
1934			Capitaine Conan	Captain Conan	1935	Capitaine Conan	1996		Albin Michel (5)
1935			Sang et Lumières						Grasset (4)
1936			L'Empreinte de Dieu	Hath Not the Potter	1937				Albin Michel (6)
1937			Faux passeports						Corrêa
1938			L'Araigne						Plon (3)
1939			Les enfants gâtés						Gallimard (9)
1940			Les grandes vacances	The Long Holiday	1948				Nouvelle France
1941			Vent de Mars						Gallimard (10)
1942			Pareil à des enfants						Gallimard (11)
1943			Passage de l'Homme	When the Man Passed By	1962				Gallimard (12)
1944			Le premier accroc coûte 200 Francs	A Fine of Two Hundred Francs	1947				Denoël
1945			Mon village à l'heure allemande						Flammarion (2)
1946			Histoire d'un Fait divers						Julliard
1947			Les Forêts de la Nuit	The Forests of the Night	1950				Julliard (2)
1948			Les grandes familles	The Rise of Simon Lachaume	1952	The Possessors Les grandes familles^[26]	1958 1989		Julliard (3)
1949			Week-end à Zuydcoote	Week-end at Zuydcoote	1950	Weekend at Dunkirk	1964		Gallimard (13)
1950			Les jeux sauvages	Savage Play	1953				Gallimard (14)
1951			Le Rivage des Syrtes	The Opposing Shore	1986				José Corti
1952			Léon Morin, prêtre	The Priest (UK), The Passionate Heart (US)	1953	Léon Morin, Priest Léon Morin, prêtre^[27]	1961 1991		Gallimard (15)
1953			Les Bêtes						Gallimard (16)
1954			Les Mandarins	The Mandarins	1957				Gallimard (17)
1955			Les eaux mêlées			Les eaux mêlées^[28]	1969		Albin Michel (7)
1956			Les racines du ciel	The Roots of Heaven	1957	The Roots of Heaven	1958		Gallimard (18)
1957			La Loi	The Law	1958	The Law	1959		Gallimard (19)
1958			Saint-Germain ou la négociation						Gallimard (20)
1959			Le dernier des Justes	The Last of the Just	1960				Seuil
1960			Dieu est né en exil	God Was Born in Exile	1961				Fayard (3)
1961			La pitié de Dieu	The Mercy of God	1963				Gallimard (21)
1962			Les bagages de sable	The Lost Shore	1964				Gallimard (22)
1963			Quand la mer se retire			Quand la mer se retire^[29]	1963		Julliard (4)
1964			L'Etat sauvage			The Savage State	1978		Albin Michel (8)
1965			L'Adoration	The Bond	1968				Gallimard (23)
1966			Oublier Palerme	To Forget Palermo	1968	Dimenticare Palermo	1990		Grasset (5)
1967			La Marge	The Margin	1970	The Margin	1976		Gallimard (24)
1968			Les fruits de l'hiver	The Fruits of Winter	1969				Robert Laffont
1969			Creezy	Creezy	1970	Creezy	1974		Gallimard (25)
1970			Le Roi des Aulnes	The Erl-King (UK) or The Ogre (US)	1972	The Ogre	1996		Gallimard (26)
1971			Les Bêtises						Grasset (6)
1972			L'Epervier de Maheux						Pauvert
1973			L'Ogre| A Father's Love (1975) or The Tyrant (2012)| 1975| | | | Grasset (7)|-| 1974|| | La Dentellière| A Web of Lace (1976) or The Lacemaker (2008)^[30] | 1976| The Lacemaker| 1977|| Gallimard (27)|-| 1975|| (Romain Gary)| La vie devant soi| Momo (1978) or The Life Before Us (1986)| 1978| Madame Rosa The Life Ahead| 1977 2020| | Mercure de France (3)|-| 1976| | | Les Flamboyants| | | | || Seuil (2)|-| 1977| | | John l'enfer| | | | || Seuil (3)|-| 1978| | | Rue des boutiques obscures| Missing Person| 1980| | || Gallimard (28)|-| 1979| | | Pélagie-la-Charrette| | 1982| | || Grasset (8)|-| 1980| | | Le Jardin d'acclimatation| Cronus' Children| 1986| | || Flammarion (3)|-| 1981|| | Anne-Marie| | | | || Grasset (9)|-| 1982| | | Dans la main de l'Ange| | | | || Grasset (10)|-| 1983|| | Les égarés| The Lost Ones| 1991| | || Balland|-| 1984| | | L'Amant| The Lover| 1986| The Lover| 1992|| Minuit|-| 1985| | | Les Noces barbares| The Wedding| 1987| The Cruel Embrace| 1987|| Gallimard (29)|-| 1986|| | Valet de nuit| | | | || Grasset (11)|-| 1987| | | La nuit sacrée| The Sacred Night| 1989| La Nuit sacrée^[31] | 1993|| Seuil (4)|-| 1988| | | L'Exposition coloniale| Love and Empire| 1991| | || Seuil (5)|-| 1989|| | Un grand pas vers le Bon Dieu| | | | || Grasset (12)|-| 1990| | | Les Champs d'honneur| Fields of Glory| 1992| | || Minuit (2)|-| 1991|| | Les Filles du Calvaire| | | | || Grasset (13)|-| 1992| | | Texaco| Texaco| 1998| | || Gallimard (30)|-| 1993| | | Le Rocher de Tanios| The Rock of Tanios| 1994| | || Grasset (14)|-| 1994| | | Un Aller simple| One-Way| 2003| One Way Ticket^[32] | 2001|| Albin Michel (9)|-| 1995| | | Le Testament français| Dreams of My Russian Summers| 1998| | || Mercure de France (4)|-| 1996| | | Le Chasseur Zéro| | | | || Albin Michel (10)|-| 1997| | | La Bataille| The Battle| 2000| | || Grasset (15)|-| 1998| | | Confidence pour confidence| Trading Secrets| 2001| | || Gallimard (31)|-| 1999| | | Je m'en vais| I'm Gone (US) or I'm Off (UK)| 2001| | || Minuit (3)|-| 2000|| | Ingrid Caven| Ingrid Caven| 2004| | || Gallimard (32)|-| 2001| | | Rouge Brésil| Brazil Red| 2004| | || Gallimard (33)|-| 2002| | | Les Ombres errantes| The Roving Shadows| 2011| | || Grasset (16)|-| 2003|| | La maîtresse de Brecht| Brecht's Lover (US) or Brecht's Mistress (UK)| 2005| | || Albin Michel (11)|-| 2004| | | Le Soleil des Scorta| The House of Scorta (US 2006) The Scortas' Sun (UK 2007)| 2006| | || Actes Sud|-| 2005|| | Trois jours chez ma mère| | | | || Grasset (17)|-| 2006| | | Les Bienveillantes| The Kindly Ones| 2009| | || Gallimard (34)|-| 2007| | | Alabama Song| | | | || Mercure de France (5)|-| 2008| | | Syngué Sabour: La pierre de patience| Stone of Patience (UK) or The Patience Stone (US)| 2010| The Patience Stone| 2012|| P.O.L|-| 2009| | | Trois femmes puissantes| Three Strong Women| 2012| | || Gallimard (35)|-| 2010| | | La Carte et le territoire| | 2012| | || Flammarion (4)|-| 2011| | | L'Art français de la guerre| The French Art of War| 2017| | || Gallimard (36)|-| 2012| | | Le Sermon sur la chute de Rome| The Sermon on the Fall of Rome| 2014| | || Actes Sud (2)|-| 2013| | | Au revoir là-haut| The Great Swindle| 2015| See You Up There| 2017|| Albin Michel (12)|-| 2014| | | Pas pleurer| Cry, Mother Spain| 2016| | || Seuil (6)|-| 2015| | | Boussole| Compass| 2017| | || Actes Sud (3)|-| 2016| | | Chanson douce| Lullaby (UK) The Perfect Nanny (USA)| 2018| Perfect Nanny| 2019|| Gallimard (37)|-| 2017| | | L'Ordre du jour| The Order of the Day| 2018| | || Actes Sud (4)|-| 2018| | | Leurs enfants après eux| And Their Children After Them| 2019| And Their Children After Them| 2024| | Actes Sud (5)|-| 2019| | | Tous les hommes n'habitent pas le monde de la même façon| Not Everybody Lives the Same Way| 2022| | | | L'Olivier|-| 2020| | | L'Anomalie| The Anomaly| 2021| | | | Gallimard (38)|-| 2021| | | La plus secrète mémoire des hommes| The Most Secret Memory of Men| 2023| | | | Philippe Rey / Jimsaan|-|2022| | Brigitte Giraud| Vivre Vite| | | | ||Flammarion (5)|-|2023| | Jean-Baptiste Andrea| Veiller sur elle| | | | ||L'Iconoclaste (1)|-|} Other awards In addition to the Prix Goncourt for a novel, the Academy awards four other awards, for first novel, short story, biography and poetry. As of March 2009, the académie changed the award name by dropping "bourses" ("scholarship") from the title.^[33] ^[34] The prefix "prix" can be included or not, such as "Prix Goncourt de la Poésie" (Goncourt prize for Poetry) or "Goncourt de la Poésie" (Goncourt of Poetry). For example: "Claude Vigée was awarded a Goncourt de la Poésie in 2008". Or, "Claude Vigée won the 2008 prix Goncourt de la Poésie". The award titles are: Pre-2009 award name Post-2009 award name Category Bourse Goncourt de la Biographie Prix Goncourt de la Biographie Biography Bourse Goncourt de la Nouvelle Prix Goncourt de la Nouvelle Short story Bourse Goncourt du Premier Roman Prix Goncourt du Premier Roman Debut novel Bourse Goncourt de la Poésie Prix Goncourt de la Poésie Poetry Bourse Goncourt Jeunesse discontinued Juvenile The winners are listed below.^[35] Prix Goncourt de la Biographie Goncourt Prize for biography. Awarded in partnership with the city of Nancy. The prize was renamed officially in 2017 the Prix Goncourt de la Biographie Edmonde Charles-Roux, after a former president of the Goncourt Academy. 1980 – Jean Lacouture, François Mauriac 1981 – Hubert Juin, Victor Hugo 1982 – Pierre Sipriot, René Depestre 1983 – Ghislain de Diesbach, Madame de Staël 1984 – Jeanne Champion, Suzanne Valadon 1985 – Georges Poisson, Laclos ou l'Obstination 1986 – Jean Canavaggio, Cervantes 1987 – Michel Surya, Georges Bataille, la mort à l'œuvre 1988 – Frédéric Vitoux, La Vie de Louis-Ferdinand Céline 1989 – Joanna Richardson, Judith Gautier 1990 – Pierre Citron, Giono 1991 – Odette Joyeux, Le Troisième œil, la vie de Nicéphore Niepce 1992 – Philippe Beaussant, Lully 1993 – Jean Bothorel, Louise de Vilmorin 1994 – David Bellos, Georges Perec 1995 – Henry Gidel, Les Deux Guitry 1996 – Anka Muhlstein, Astolphe de Custine 1997 – Jean-Claude Lamy, Prévert, les frères 1998 – Christian Liger, Le Roman de Rossel 1999 – Claude Pichois and Alain Brunet, Colette 2000 – Dominique Bona, Berthe Morisot 2001 – Laure Murat, La maison du docteur Blanche 2002 – Jean-Paul Goujon, Une Vie Secrète (1870–1925); Mille lettres de Pierre Louÿs à Georges Louis (1890–1917) 2003 – Pierre Billard, Louis Malle 2004 – Claude Dufresne, Appelez-moi George Sand 2005 – Thibaut d'Anthonay, Jean Lorrain 2006 – Angie David, Dominique Aury 2007 – Patrice Locmant, Huysmans, le forçat de la vie 2008 – Jennifer Lesieur, Jack London 2009 – Viviane Forrester, Virginia Woolf 2010 – Michel Winock, Madame de Stael 2011 – Maurizio Serra, Malaparte, vies et légendes 2012 – David Haziot, Le Roman des Rouart 2013 – Pascal Mérigeau, Jean Renoir 2014 – Jean Lebrun, Notre Chanel^[36] 2015 – Jean-Christophe Attias, Moïse fragile^[37] 2016 – Philippe Forest, Aragon 2017 – Marianne and Claude Schopp, Dumas fils ou l'Anti-Œdipe 2018 – Denis Demonpion, Salinger intime 2019 – Frédéric Pajak, Manifeste incertain, volume 7: Emily Dickinson, Marina Tsvetaïeva, l'immense poésie 2021 – Pauline Dreyfous, Paul Morand 2022 - Jean-Pierre Langellier, Léopold Sédar Senghor 2023 - Claude Burgelin, Georges Perec Prix Goncourt de la Nouvelle Goncourt Prize for short stories. Begun in 1974 in the form of scholarships. Awarded in partnership with the city of Strasbourg since 2001. 1974 – Daniel Boulanger, Fouette, cocher ! 1975 – S. Corinna Bille, La Demoiselle sauvage 1976 – Antoine Blondin, Quat'saisons 1977 – Henri Gougaud, Départements et territoires d'outre-mort 1978 – Christiane Baroche, Chambres, avec vue sur le passé 1979 – Andrée Chedid, Le Corps et le Temps 1980 – Guy Lagorce, Les Héroïques 1981 – Annie Saumont, Quelquefois dans les cérémonies 1982 – René Depestre, Alléluia pour une femme-jardin 1983 – Raymond Jean, Un fantasme de Bella B. 1984 – Alain Gerber, Les Jours de vin et de roses 1985 – Pierrette Fleutiaux, Métamorphoses de la reine 1986 – Jean Vautrin, Baby-boom 1987 – Noëlle Châtelet, Histoires de bouche 1988 – Jean-Louis Hue, Dernières Nouvelles du Père Noël 1989 – Paul Fournel, Les Athlètes dans leur tête 1990 – Jacques Bens, Nouvelles désenchantées 1991 – Rafaël Pividal, Le Goût de la catastrophe 1992 – Catherine Lépront, Trois gardiennes 1993 – Mariette Condroyer, Un après-midi plutôt gai 1994 – Jean-Christophe Duchon-Doris, Les Lettres du baron 1996 – Ludovic Janvier, En mémoire du lit 1997 – François Sureau, Le Sphinx de Darwin 1999 – Elvire de Brissac, Les anges d'en bas 2000 – Catherine Paysan, Les Désarmés 2001 – Stéphane Denis, Elle a maigri pour le festival 2002 – Sébastien Lapaque, Mythologie Française 2003 – Philippe Claudel, Les petites mécaniques 2004 – Olivier Adam, Passer l'hiver 2005 – Georges-Olivier Châteaureynaud, Singe savant tabassé par deux clowns 2006 – Franz Bartelt, Le Bar des habitudes 2007 – Brigitte Giraud, L'Amour est très surestimé 2008 – Jean-Yves Masson, Ultimes vérités sur la mort du nageur 2009 – Sylvain Tesson, Une vie à coucher dehors 2010 – Éric-Emmanuel Schmitt, Concerto à la mémoire d'un ange 2011 – Bernard Comment, Tout passe 2012 – Didier Daeninckx, L'Espoir en contrebande 2013 – Fouad Laroui, L'Étrange Affaire du pantalon de Dassoukine 2014 – Nicolas Cavaillès, Vie de monsieur Leguat^[38] 2015 – Patrice Franceschi, Première personne du singulier^[39] 2016 – Marie-Hélène Lafon, Histoires 2017 – Raphaël Haroche, Retourner à la mer 2018 – Régis Jauffret, Microfictions 2018 2019 – Caroline Lamarche, Nous sommes à la lisière 2020 – Anne Serre, Au cœur d'un été tout en or 2021 – Shmuel T. Meyer, Et la guerre est finie... 2022 - Antoine Wauters, Le museé des contradictions 2023 - David Thomas, Partout les autres Prix Goncourt du Premier Roman Goncourt Prize for debut novel. Awarded in partnership with the municipality of Paris. 1990 – Hélène de Monferrand, Les amies d'Héloïse 1991 – Armande Gobry-Valle, Iblis ou la défroque du serpent 1992 – Nita Rousseau, Les iris bleus 1993 – Bernard Chambaz, L'arbre de vies 1994 – Bernard Lamarche-Vadel, Vétérinaires 1995 – Florence Seyvos, Les apparitions 1996 – Yann Moix, Jubilations vers le ciel 1997 – Jean-Christophe Rufin, L'abyssin 1998 – Shan Sa, Porte de la paix céleste 1999 – Nicolas Michel, Un revenant 2000 – Benjamin Berton, Sauvageons 2001 – Salim Bachi, Le chien d'Ulysse 2002 – Soazig Aaron, Le non-de Klara 2003 – Claire Delannoy, La guerre, l'Amérique 2004 – Françoise Dorner, La fille du rang derrière 2005 – Alain Jaubert, Val Paradis 2006 – Hédi Kaddour, Waltenberg 2007 – Frédéric Brun, Perla 2008 – Jakuta Alikavazovic, Corps volatils 2009 – Jean-Baptiste Del Amo, Une éducation libertine 2010 – Laurent Binet, HHhH 2011 – Michel Rostain, Le Fils 2012 – François Garde, Ce qu'il advint du sauvage blanc 2013 – Alexandre Postel, Un homme effacé 2014 – Frédéric Verger, Arden^[40] 2015 – Kamel Daoud, The Meursault Investigation^[41] 2016 – Joseph Andras, . Author declined the prize.^[42] 2017 – Maryam Madjidi, Marx et la poupée^[43] 2018 – Mahir Guven, Grand frère 2019 – Marie Gauthier, Court vêtue 2020 – Maylis Besserie, Le Tiers Temps 2021 – Émilienne Malfatto, Que sur toi se lamente le Tigre 2022 - Étienne Kern, Les envolés 2023 - Pauline Peyarde, L'âge de détruire Prix Goncourt de la Poésie Goncourt Prize for poetry. Established through the bequest of Adrien Bertrand (Prix Goncourt in 1914). The award is for the poet's entire career work. The prize was officially renamed in 2012 the Prix Goncourt de la Poésie Robert Sabatier, after the poet. 1985 – Claude Roy 1986 – postponed to 1987^[44] 1987 – Yves Bonnefoy 1988 – Eugène Guillevic 1989 – Alain Bosquet 1990 – Charles Le Quintrec 1991 – Jean-Claude Renard 1992 – Georges-Emmanuel Clancier 1993 – not awarded 1994 – not awarded 1995 – Lionel Ray 1996 – André Velter 1997 – Maurice Chappaz 1998 – Lorand Gaspar 1999 – Jacques Réda 2000 – Liliane Wouters 2001 – Claude Esteban 2002 – Andrée Chedid 2003 – Philippe Jaccottet 2004 – Jacques Chessex 2005 – Charles Dobzynski 2006 – Alain Jouffroy 2007 – Marc Alyn 2008 – Claude Vigée 2009 – Abdellatif Laabi 2010 – Guy Goffette 2011 – Vénus Khoury-Ghata 2012 – Jean-Claude Pirotte 2013 – Charles Juliet 2014 – not awarded 2015 – William Cliff^[45] 2016 – Le Printemps des Poètes 2017 – Franck Venaille 2018 – Anise Koltz 2019 – Yvon Le Men 2020 – Michel Deguy 2021 – Jacques Roubaud^[46] 2022 - Jean-Michel Maulpoix 2023 - Laura Vasquez Bourse Goncourt Jeunesse Goncrout Prize for children's literature. Awarded in partnership with the municipality of Fontvieille. Discontinued after 2007. 1999 – Claude Guillot and Fabienne Burckel, Le fantôme de Shanghai 2000 – Eric Battut, Rouge Matou 2002 – Fred Bernard and François Roca, Jeanne and le Mokélé and Jesus Betz 2003 – Yvan Pommaux, Avant la Télé 2004 – Jean Chalon and Martine Delerm, Un arbre dans la lune 2005 – Natali Fortier, Lili Plume 2006 – Bernard du Boucheron and Nicole Claveloux, Un roi, une princesse and une pieuvre 2007 – Véronique Ovaldé and Joëlle Jolivet, La très petite Zébuline Prix Goncourt des Lycéens See main article: Prix Goncourt des Lycéens. See also – announced at the same ceremony as the Prix Goncourt, it has become something of a second-place prize. Prix Goncourt des Lycéens List of French literary awards For a more comprehensive overview a list of literary awards is available. Notes and references NotesReferences

Notes and References

1. Book: Unwin, Timothy. The Cambridge Companion to the French Novel: From 1800 to the Present . xxii . Introduction . https://books.google.com/books?id=mIq99LRgKw8C&pg=PR22 . Cambridge University Press . 1997 . 9780521499149. The 'big six' literary prizes in France have an extremely high profile and are, significantly, all awarded for novels. The best known and most prestigious is the Prix Goncourt. The other major literary prizes are the Grand Prix du Roman de l'Academie Francaise, the Prix Femina (awarded by a jury of women, though not necessarily to a female novelist), the Prix Renaudot, the Prix Interallie and the Prix Medicis..
2. Book: Burke, David. Writers in Paris: Literary Lives in the City of Light . Counterpoint Press . 2008 . 181. 9781593761578.
3. Book: Glyn, Anthony. The Companion Guide to Paris . registration . 98 . Companion Guides . 2000. 9781900639200.
4. Book: The Contradictions of Freedom: Philosophical Essays on Simone de Beauvoir's The Mandarins . Sally J. Scholz . SUNY Press . 2005 . 18. 9780791465608 .
5. Book: The Economy of Prestige: prizes, awards, and the circulation of cultural value . James F English . 61 . Harvard University Press . 2009. 9780674036536 .
6. News: Girgis . Dahlia . 7 May 2021 . Un tirage total d'un million d'exemplaires pour "L'anomalie" . fr . Livres Hebdo . 8 August 2021.
7. Book: Hollier, Denis. A New History of French Literature . 967 . Harvard University Press . 1994. 9780674615663.
8. Book: The Economy of Prestige: prizes, awards, and the circulation of cultural value . James F English . 61 . Harvard University Press . 2009. 9780674036536 .
9. Book: Rodic, Vesna . Lyricism and Politics in Paul Valery's Poetry and Poetic Theory and in "La Nouvelle Revue Francaise", 1909–1939 . 2008 . 9781109096477.
10. Book: Prix Goncourt, 1902–2003: essals critiques . Ashley . Katherine . Peter Lang . Bern . 2004 . fr . https://books.google.com/books?id=QA_rVRar1JkC&pg=PA77 . L'Attribution du prix Goncourt à Proust en 1919. 9783039100187 .
11. Book: Unwin, Timothy. The Cambridge Companion to the French Novel: From 1800 to the Present . 195 . The colonial and postcolonial Francophone novel . https://books.google.com/books?id=mIq99LRgKw8C&pg=PA195 . Cambridge University Press . 1997. 9780521499149.
12. Book: Prix Goncourt, 1902–2003: essals critiques . Ashley . Katherine . Peter Lang . Bern . 2004 . fr . 16 . 9783039100187 .
13. Book: Lapaque, Sébastien. . 16 September 1999 . Céline-Mazeline sur le ring . fr.
14. Book: Prix Goncourt, 1902–2003: essals critiques . Ashley . Katherine . Peter Lang . Bern . 2004 . fr . https://books.google.com/books?id=QA_rVRar1JkC&pg=PA16 . Avant propos. 9783039100187 .
15. News: Onishi . Norimitsu . Méheut . Constant . In Paris, It's Literary Scandal Season Again . The New York Times . 30 September 2021 . 29 September 2021.
16. News: 5 October 2021 . No lovers allowed in top French book prize after ethics scandal . en . . . 4 November 2021.
17. Web site: Prix Goncourt – Présentation . 7 November 2021 . . fr.
18. Web site: Carreau . Nicolas . 3 November 2021 . Goncourt : comment est remis le prix et qui est le favori cette année ? . 7 November 2021 . . fr.
19. Web site: Tous les lauréats . 7 November 2021 . . fr.
20. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0015186/ Nène
21. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0335367/ Raboliot
22. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1185008/ Raboliot
23. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0138152/ Un homme se penche sur son passé
24. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0194621/ Les amants de rivière rouge
25. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0278609/ L'Ordre
26. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0096600/ Les grandes familles
27. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0251811/ Léon Morin, prêtre
28. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0302520/ Les eaux mêlées
29. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0414421/ Quand la mer se retire
30. Translated by David Dugan. The Dirty Goat, issue 18, pg. 170 .
31. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0107714/ La Nuit sacrée
32. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0242981/ One Way Ticket
33. http://www.academie-goncourt.fr/?rubrique=1229172185 Autres prix décernés par l'Académie Goncourt
34. http://www.lefigaro.fr/livres/2009/01/29/03005-20090129ARTFIG00477-les-goncourt-surfent-.php Les Goncourt surfent
35. http://www.academie-goncourt.fr/?article=1229180726 Autres prix décernés par l'Académie Goncourt: Lauréats
36. Web site: Le Goncourt de la biographie à Jean Lebrun pour "Notre Chanel" . AFP . fr . lepoint.fr . 3 June 2014 . 3 July 2015.
37. Web site: Jean-Christophe Attias, prix Goncourt de la biographie . fr . Le Figaro . Morgane. Eloy . 3 June 2015 . 3 July 2015.
38. Web site: Le Goncourt de la Nouvelle récompense Nicolas Cavaillès . fr . livreshebdo.fr . Marie-Christine Imbault . 4 March 2014 . 3 July 2015.
39. Web site: Le prix Goncourt de la nouvelle est attribué à Patrice Franceschi . fr . livreshebdo.fr . Agathe. Auproux . 5 May 2015 . 3 July 2015.
40. Web site: Frédéric Verger, Goncourt du premier roman . fr . Le Figaro . Françoise. Dargent . 4 March 2013 . 5 March 2014.
41. Web site: Le Goncourt du premier roman 2015 . Academie Goncourt . 5 May 2015 . 7 May 2015.
42. Web site: How to turn down a prestigious literary prize – a winner's guide to etiquette . The Guardian . John Dugdale . 21 May 2016 . 3 December 2016.
43. News: Le Goncourt du premier roman à Maryam Madjidi . Le Monde.fr . . 3 May 2017. 3 May 2017.
44. Web site: Academie Goncourt.
45. Web site: Le prix Goncourt de la poésie Robert Sabatier est décerné à William Cliff . fr . . Agathe. Auproux . 5 May 2015 . 3 July 2015.
46. News: Gabinari . Pauline . 4 May 2021 . Le Goncourt de la poésie Robert Sabatier 2021 couronne Jacques Roubaud . fr . Livres Hebdo . 21 October 2021.