| Golin | |
| Region: | Gumine District, Simbu Province |
| Date: | 1981 |
| Ref: | e25 |
| Familycolor: | Papuan |
| Fam1: | Trans–New Guinea |
| Fam2: | Chimbu–Wahgi |
| Fam3: | Chimbu |
| Iso3: | gvf |
| Glotto: | goli1247 |
| Glottorefname: | Golin |
| Script: | Latin |
| Notice: | IPA |
Golin (also Gollum, Gumine) is a Papuan language of Papua New Guinea.
| Front | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| High | pronounced as /ɪ ɪː/ | pronounced as /ʊ ʊː/ | |
| Mid | pronounced as /ɛ ɛː/ | pronounced as /ɔ ɔː/ | |
| Low | pronounced as /ɑ ɑː/ |
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | lab. | plain | Late. | plain | lab. | ||||
| Nasal | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | |||||||
| Stop | voiceless /voiced | pronounced as /ink/ pronounced as /ink/ | (bʷ) | pronounced as /ink/ pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ pronounced as /ink/ | (gʷ) | |||
| Fricative | pronounced as /ink/~pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/~ pronounced as /ink/ | |||||||
| Approximant | pronounced as /ink/ | pronounced as /ink/ | |||||||
| Trill | pronounced as /ink/ | ||||||||
Two consonants appear to allow free variation in their realisations: pronounced as /[s]/ varies with pronounced as /[ʃ]/, and pronounced as /[l]/ with pronounced as /[ɬ]/.
pronounced as //n// assimilates to pronounced as /[ŋ]/ before pronounced as //k// and pronounced as //ɡ//.
Golin is a tonal language, distinguishing high ([˧˥]), mid ([˨˧]), and low ([˨˩]) tone. The high tone is marked by an acute accent and the low tone by a grave accent, while the mid tone is left unmarked. Examples:
Golin is notable for having a small pronominal paradigm. There are two basic pronouns:[3]
There is no number distinction and no true third person pronoun. Third person pronouns in Golin are in fact compounds derived from 'man' plus inín 'self':