Guardian: The Lonely and Great God explained

Alt Name: Goblin[1]
Native Name:
Hangul:쓸쓸하고 찬란하神 – 도깨비
Rr:Sseulsseulhago Challanhasin – Dokkaebi
Mr:Ssŭlssŭlhago Ch'allanhasin – Tokkaebi
Lk:The Lonely and Great God – Goblin
Creator:Studio Dragon
Opentheme:"Round and Round" by Heize and Han Soo-ji
Endtheme:"Stay With Me" by Chanyeol and Punch
Composer:Nam Hye-seung
Country:South Korea
Language:Korean
Num Episodes:16 + 3 specials[2]
Editor:Lee Sang-rok
Camera:Single-camera
Runtime:60–90 minutes[3]
Company:Hwa&Dam Pictures
Network:tvN

Guardian: The Lonely and Great God[4] [5] is a South Korean television series starring Gong Yoo in the title role, alongside Kim Go-eun, Lee Dong-wook, Yoo In-na, and Yook Sung-jae. Written by Kim Eun-sook, the series aired on tvN from December 2, 2016, to January 21, 2017.[6]

Its final episode recorded an 18.68% nationwide audience share, making it the seventh highest-rated drama in Korean cable television history.[7] It received critical acclaim and became a cultural phenomenon in South Korea.[8] The series won numerous awards, including the Grand Prize (Daesang) for writer Kim Eun-sook and Best Actor for Gong Yoo at the 53rd Baeksang Arts Awards.

Plot

Kim Shin (Gong Yoo), a decorated military general from the Goryeo Dynasty, is framed as a traitor and killed by the young king. Years after his death, he is cursed by the Almighty to stay immortal forever, enduring the pain of seeing his loved ones die as punishment for the soldiers he killed to protect his country. He becomes an immortal goblin, helping people with his powers and being a kind man in spite of his grieving past. The only way to put an end to his immortality is the Goblin's bride, whose aid in pulling out the sword will end his painful immortality.

Ji Eun-tak (Kim Go-eun) is a bubbly high school student who remains cheerful and hopeful despite her tragic life and can see ghosts, though she tries to ignore them. She summons the Goblin by chance and their fates begin to entwine. The Goblin's nephew, Yoo Deok-hwa (Yook Sung-jae), leases the Goblin's house to a Grim Reaper (Lee Dong-wook) and the two end up living under the same roof. Ji Eun-tak starts working a part-time job at a chicken store run by a charismatic young woman, Sunny (Yoo In-na).

As the lives of Kim Shin, Grim Reaper, Ji Eun-tak and Sunny interweave, a deeper story unfolds, as they are not just strangers who met by chance, but people with deep-rooted relations.

Cast

Main

A 939-year-old immortal goblin and protector of souls who is in search for his bride, who is the only one who can remove the sword piercing through his chest. Once the sword is removed, he may finally move to the afterlife and rest in peace. He served as a General during the Goryeo era, where he was appointed as the regent with his sister being betrothed to the young king Wang Yeo. However, due to being corrupted by a eunuch, the king's guards killed Kim Shin's sister, soldiers; and household before ultimately killing him with the very sword that is lodged in his chest. As both a reward for the good he had done for his country, and a punishment for all the deaths that he caused, the Almighty God grants him immortality. As he has lived for centuries, he feels lonely and depressed as he's watched his loved ones and those around him pass away over time. This is until he slowly falls in love with his bride who gives him a reason to live again.

An optimistic and bubbly 19-year-old high school student and the legendary Goblin's bride. A "Missing Soul", she can see ghosts and summon the Goblin due to her way of birth; her pregnant mom was in a hit-and-run at the time. The Goblin had intervened to save them both, before the Grim Reaper could take them. Orphaned at age 9 and pursued by the Grim Reaper, she was forced to live with her abusive aunt who only wanted the life insurance money left behind by Eun-tak's mother. She immediately becomes interested in the Goblin, who takes her in his home so she can pass her exams and enroll in university, while he begins to rediscover the joy of living through her. Originally oblivious to her duty of removing the sword from the Goblin's chest, she eventually learns the truth and struggles with the decision of fulfilling her duty as she has fallen in love with the Goblin.

A good-looking, cynical yet humorous grim reaper (Angel of Death) who guides souls to their reincarnations or afterlives and Kim Shin's housemate. Along with many other grim reapers, he became a grim reaper after committing the greatest sin of all in his past life. He has no memory of his past lives, but does possess supernatural powers. Originally preferring to be by himself, he falls in love with a chicken restaurant owner named Sunny who eventually reciprocates his feelings. Through her, he begins to unlock clues to his memories and who he was in the past. It is revealed that he was the young king, Wang Yeo in his past life. Despite the king's original pleasant personality, he became corrupted by the power hungry eunuch and ordered his guards to kill everyone including his own wife and his loyal general, Kim Shin. This act drove Wang Yeo insane and caused him to ultimately take his own life.

The attractive owner of a chicken restaurant who hires Ji Eun-tak. The Grim Reaper begins to fall in love with her, and she soon returns his affection, although she is constantly confused by the Grim Reaper's constant social awkwardness. In her past life, it is revealed that she was the younger sister of General Kim Shin and she became the queen upon marrying King Wang Yeo (now the Grim Reaper). The couple were happily in love until the eunuch began to warp the mind of the king. When Wang Yeo tried to exile his loyal general Kim Shin, she supported her brother as he stood up to the king's ridiculous order and was executed as a result.

A rebellious yet kind-hearted chaebol heir and the only grandson of the Yoo family, a household that has the responsibility of taking care of the Goblin. He originally is a spoiled young adult who was only looking after the Goblin in order to receive a new credit card (after he was cut off). However, he learns of the Goblin and the Grim Reaper's true identities, and the trio grew to become strong friends. It is later revealed that the Almighty had taken over his body for a period of time so that he could enact his plan of intertwining the lives of Kim Shin, Ji Eun-tak, The Grim Reaper, and Sunny

Supporting

Others

Ghosts around Eun-tak

People around Eun-tak

Grim Reapers around Wang Yeo

Others

Special appearances

Production

Development

The series was written by Kim Eun-sook, who also wrote the popular series Secret Garden (2010), The Heirs (2013), and Descendants of the Sun (2016). The drama marked her second collaboration with director Lee Eun-bok after both worked on Descendants.[16] [17]

Filming

The first script-reading was held at Nuri Dream Square in Sangam-dong, Seoul, South Korea, on 30 August 2016.[18] The Goryeo-era flashback scenes were filmed on Gimje, North Jeolla Province on September 22[19] for the battlefield scenes, while the palace scenes were shot at Naju Image Theme Park.[20] Goblin and Grim Reaper's house (external shots) was filmed at (formerly) Unhyeongung's Western House, presently inside Duksung Women's University (utilized for administration offices).[21]

Overseas filming mainly took place in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada in October,[22] using locations such as the Château Frontenac, Parc du Bastion-de-la-Reine (the Yoo family cemetery), Petit Champlain (Goblin's door to Canada), and the Fontaine de Tourny.[23] The red door, which in reality is the emergency exit of the, and other sites in Quebec City associated with the show have begun to attract numerous fans of the series.[24]

The crew was awarded a special vacation to Phuket, Thailand after the end of the drama.[25]

Original soundtrack

Album

Guardian (Original Television Soundtrack)
Type:Soundtrack
Studio:CJ E&M Music Studios
Genre:Soundtrack
Language:Korean, English
Label:CJ E&M, Hwa&Dam Pictures
Pony Canyon (Japan)[26]
Able9 (China)[27]

Singles

Part 1

Part 2

Part 3

Part 4

Part 5

Part 6

Part 7

Part 8

Part 9

Part 10

Part 11

Part 12

Part 13

Part 14

There was a controversy surrounding the release of the song "Round and Round". Originally, the song was sung by Han Soo-ji. However, when the song was officially released, Han was merely a featuring on the track, which was sung by Heize. This caused dissatisfaction among fans, who loved Han's voice. CJ E&M released an official apology, saying that Han was enlisted to record just the first 50 seconds of the song, but the writer of the song, Nam Hye-seung, requested since the beginning that the full song be sung by another vocalist.[28]

Chart performance

TitleYearPeak chart positionsSalesRemarks
KOR
Gaon		US
World
"Stay With Me"
(Chanyeol (EXO), Punch)		201633
  • KOR: 1,792,463+[29]
Part 1
"My Eyes"
(10cm)		7— Part 2
"Hush"
(Lasse Lindh)		6— Part 3
"Beautiful"
(Crush)		27
  • KOR: 2,051,618+[32]
Part 4
"You Are So Beautiful"
(Eddy Kim)		5—
  • KOR: 1,258,363+[33]
Part 5
"Who Are You"
(Sam Kim)		315
  • KOR: 1,081,090+[34]
Part 6
"I Miss You"
(Soyou (Sistar))		511
  • KOR: 1,253,414+[35]
Part 7
"First Snow"
(Jung Joon-il)		9—
  • KOR: 1,034,874+[36]
Part 8
"I Will Go to You Like the First Snow"
(Ailee)		2017110
  • KOR: 2,488,341+[37]
Part 9
"Wish"
(Urban Zakapa)		2— Part 10
"And I'm Here"
(Kim Kyung-hee (April 2))		3418 Part 11
"Winter is Coming"
(Han Soo-ji)		56—
  • KOR: 91,003+
"Stuck in Love"
(Kim Kyung-hee (April 2))		63—
  • KOR: 81,075+
"HEAVEN"
(Roy Kim, Kim EZ (GGot Jam Project))		16— Part 12
"LOVE"
(Mamamoo)		4— Part 13
"Round and Round"
(Heize & Han Soo-ji)		44 Part 14
"—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region.

Reception

The series was popular among the international audience,[46] which led to parodies of the drama on various social media sites, notably by both celebrities and political figures.[47]

The drama has also sparked various fashion trends.[48] Items and accessories worn by the cast members, such as the Lanvin coat worn by Gong Yoo, Lancôme lipstick used by Kim Go-eun[49] and Fedora worn by Lee Dong-wook[50] saw an increase in sales. Kim In-yook's poetry book, The Physics of Love, gained renewed attention after one of its verses was featured in the drama.[51] There was also an increase in visitors at the various filming sites of Guardian, which contributed to a positive economic effect on the country.[52] Additionally, original soundtracks featured in the series also topped local digital music charts.[53] Since 2017, it has surpassed Descendants of the Sun (2016) in video-on-demand sales.[54]

The Korea Times stated, "Its success was attributed to the creative plot" and "...the depth of perspective looking at life of the goblin that bears a bloody sword in his chest and has been given eternal life as punishment, immerses the audience into the fantasy story. The twist and complexity of life and death make the story more interesting."[55] [56]

Despite its success, Guardian was criticized for its several consumer product placements which drew an estimated 2-4 billion KRW from revenue.[57] [58] [59] TV and cultural critics also criticized some aspects of the drama; such as the Cinderella complex feature in the series, where female lead is able to summon the male lead, who has supernatural powers. Furthermore, the female lead portrayed a poor high school student attracted to the male lead's rich 30-something man, which the show poked fun of when a classmate described him as a "sugar daddy".[60] The drama was also criticized for its over-dramatic plot.

Viewership

The drama consistently topped cable television viewership ratings in its time slot. Its final episode recorded an 18.680% nationwide audience share according to Nielsen paid platform, making the episode the second highest rated in Korean cable television history at that time. It became the first cable drama to surpass 20% ratings.[61]

Original broadcast dateAverage audience share
AGB Nielsen[62] TNmS
NationwideSeoulNationwide
1December 2, 2016
2December 3, 20167.904%10.024%8.1%
3December 9, 201612.471%14.274%12.0%
4December 10, 201611.373%13.768%12.7%
5December 16, 201611.507%12.075%14.0%
6December 17, 201611.618%14.772%13.0%
7December 23, 201612.297%13.993%13.8%
8December 24, 201612.344%14.748%11.6%
9December 30, 201612.933%13.333%14.6%
10December 31, 201612.702%14.551%13.3%
11January 6, 201713.894%15.749%14.8%
12January 7, 201713.712%15.680%14.6%
13January 13, 201714.254%16.525%15.3%
14January 20, 201716.043%17.767%16.3%
15January 21, 201716.917%18.829%17.7%
16
Average
SpecialJanuary 14, 20179.427%11.786%9.1%[63]
February 3, 20173.606%5.050%3.9%[64]
February 4, 20174.075%5.582%4.2%
  • In this table, represent the lowest ratings and represent the highest ratings.
  • This series aired on a cable channel/pay TV which normally has a relatively smaller audience compared to free-to-air TV/public broadcasters (KBS, SBS, MBC and EBS).

Awards and nominations

YearAwardCategoryRecipientResultRef.
2017Special AwardGuardian: The Lonely and Great God
11th Korean Cable TV AwardsBest Drama[65]
Best OSTAilee (I Will Go to You Like the First Snow)
Rising Star AwardYook Sung-jae
VOD BroadcastingGuardian: The Lonely and Great God
5th Annual DramaFever AwardsBest ActorGong Yoo[66]
Best Supporting ActorLee Dong-wook
Best Supporting ActressYoo In-na
Best CoupleGong Yoo & Kim Go-eun
Best MelodramaGuardian: The Lonely and Great God
Grand Prize (Daesang)Kim Eun-sook[67]
Best DramaGuardian: The Lonely and Great God
Best DirectorLee Eung-bok
Best ScreenplayKim Eun-sook
Best ActorGong Yoo
Best ActressKim Go-eun
Asia OST PopularityChanyeol (EXO), Punch (Stay With Me)
Actor of the YearGong Yoo
Outstanding Korean Drama OSTAilee (I Will Go to You Like the First Snow)[68]
Best Hallyu OST[69]
Best DramaGuardian: The Lonely and Great God[70]
Best Production DirectorLee Eung-bok
Best ScreenplayKim Eun-sook
Top Excellence Award, ActorLee Dong-wook
Top Excellence Award, ActressKim Go-eun
Excellence Award, ActressYoo In-na
Best New ActorYook Sung-jae
Best Original SoundtrackCrush (Beautiful)
Soyou (I Miss You)
Star of the Year AwardYook Sung-jae
Popular Character AwardKim Byung-chul
Park Kyung-hye
3rd Fashionista AwardsBest Fashionista – TV & Film DivisionGong Yoo
Yoo In-na
Global IconLee Dong-wook
Best OST AwardAilee (I Will Go to You Like the First Snow)[71]
Best Drama SeriesGuardian: The Lonely and Great God[72]
Best OSTChanyeol (Exo), Punch (Stay With Me)[73]
Crush (Beautiful)
Ailee (I Will Go to You Like the First Snow)
9th Melon Music AwardsSong of the Year[74]
Best OST Award
Kakao Hot Star
Crush (Beautiful)
2018Best OST AwardAilee (I Will Go to You Like the First Snow)[75]
Best OST Award[76]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 'Guardian' -- not 'Goblin'. December 7, 2016. Kpop Herald. August 25, 2017. August 1, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200801113130/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201612071458356497126_2&ACE_SEARCH=1. live.
  2. Web site: Special episodes reveal 'Guardian' behind the scenes. February 5, 2017. The Korea Herald. August 25, 2017. August 1, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200801072654/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20170205000080&ACE_SEARCH=1. live.
  3. News: http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=018&aid=0003689740. ko:'도깨비', 1·2회 90분 특별 편성. Star E Daily. ko. December 1, 2016. August 8, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170808195457/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=018&aid=0003689740. live.
  4. Guardian: The Lonely and Great God. tvN Drama. Youtube. December 2, 2016. December 2, 2016. February 9, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170209145128/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ra7coUN_lYk. live.
  5. Web site: Guardian: The Lonely and Great God (2016). CJ ENM. https://web.archive.org/web/20220305150046/https://watch.cjenm.com/broadcast/sub/view?contentsId=B120161931. March 5, 2022. live. March 5, 2022.
  6. Web site: Highlights of fantasy drama 'Goblin' starring top star Gong Yoo. 23 November 2016. Yonhap News Agency. 25 August 2017. 20 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180820074703/http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/search1/2603000000.html?cid=AEN20161123006600315. live.
    - News: http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1110422941. ko:[단독] 김고은, 공유의 여자 된다..김은숙 신작 주인공. Osen. ko. October 14, 2016. 26 May 2016. 19 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161019212543/http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1110422941. live.
  7. Web site: January 21, 2017 Nationwide Cable Ratings. Nielsen Korea. 1st (tvN) 쓸쓸하고찬란하신도깨비<본> 18.680%. ko. January 23, 2017. June 6, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210606051827/http://www.nielsenkorea.co.kr/tv_terrestrial_day.asp?menu=Tit_1&sub_menu=3_1&area=00&begin_date=20170121. live.
  8. Web site: Goblin Rom-Com Sets New Milestone for Cable Soaps. January 23, 2017. The Chosun Ilbo. August 25, 2017. September 28, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200928230008/http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2017/01/23/2017012301373.html. live.
  9. News: Gong Yoo nabs lead role in romance drama. https://web.archive.org/web/20200807053452/https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=301783. dead. August 7, 2020. April 22, 2016. Korea JoongAng Daily.
    - Web site: Gong Yoo picked for 'Descendants of the Sun' scriptwriter's next drama. The Korea Herald. April 21, 2016. August 25, 2017. December 11, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171211053247/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20160421000745&ACE_SEARCH=1. live.
  10. Web site: Kim Go-eun nabs lead role in 'Goblin' drama. May 27, 2016. Korea JoongAng Daily. August 25, 2017. July 29, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170729092459/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3019214. live.
  11. Web site: http://news.nate.com/view/20160526n13762?mid=n1008. ko:[단독] 김고은, 공유의 여자 된다…김은숙 신작 주인공. Nate News. ko-KR. October 14, 2016. December 11, 2016. https://archive.today/20161211132715/http://news.nate.com/view/20160526n13762?mid=n1008. live.
    - News: http://sports.khan.co.kr/entertainment/sk_index.html?cat=view&amp;art_id=201701051409003&amp;sec_id=540201. ko:'도깨비' 이동욱, 저승사자→왕여 변신…비극적 운명 예고. Sports Khan. January 5, 2017. January 5, 2017. ko. October 24, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211024185944/http://sports.khan.co.kr/entertainment/sk_index.html?cat=view&art_id=201701051409003&sec_id=540201. live.
  12. Web site: 'Goblin' will star Yoo and Yook. August 31, 2016. Korea JoongAng Daily. August 25, 2017. August 14, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170814220833/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3023247. live.
  13. Web site: BTOB's Yook Sung-jae cast for new drama 'Goblin'. September 6, 2016. Kpop Herald. August 25, 2017. December 10, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171210180029/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201609061522082184486_2&ACE_SEARCH=1. live.
  14. News: [XP초점] '도깨비' 김민재♥김소현, 짧은 분량 긴 여운…이토록 애틋하다니]. Xports News. ko. January 22, 2017. July 29, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170729180534/http://www.xportsnews.com/jenter/?ac=article_view&entry_id=803793&_REFERER=http%3A%2F%2Fentertain.naver.com%2Fread%3Foid%3D311%26aid%3D0000686682. live.
  15. Web site: [Oh!쎈 톡] '도깨비' 정해인 "잘생긴 태희오빠?..공유 선배가 더 멋지죠"]. December 30, 2016. Osen. ko. August 25, 2017. August 7, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210807222307/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&aid=0003455655. live.
  16. Web site: 극구 부인하던 tvN ´도깨비´, 결국 ´태후´ 이응복 PD가 연출 – 일간스포츠. Joins. August 29, 2016. December 3, 2016. October 21, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161021094440/http://isplus.live.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=20516582&cloc=. live.
  17. Web site: 'Descendants' writer, director team up for new fantasy piece . . November 22, 2016. December 3, 2016.
  18. Web site: http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=201609010826172410. ko:'도깨비' 대본리딩 현장, 공유-김고은 케미 어땠나. Newsen. October 14, 2016. ko. October 21, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161021151406/http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=201609010826172410. live.
  19. News: http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=312&amp;aid=0000218819. ko:'도깨비' 공유, '찬란하神' 장군 눈빛...데뷔 첫 사극 연기 도전. 10Asia. ko. November 15, 2016. August 8, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170808194824/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=312&aid=0000218819. live.
    - News: http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=117&amp;aid=0002823736. ko:'도깨비' 공유, 우수에 찬 첫 촬영 포착…몽환적 분위기. October 14, 2016. My Daily. ko. August 8, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170808195521/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=117&aid=0002823736. live.
  20. Web site: K-Drama 'Goblin' – Filming Locations in Korea. 15 March 2017. ntd.tv. 25 August 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171210232750/http://www.ntd.tv/2017/03/15/k-drama-goblin-filming-locations-korea/. 10 December 2017. dead.
  21. Web site: Where goblin and mermaid roam. 10 January 2017. The Korea Herald. 25 August 2017. 3 July 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170703163059/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20170110000869. live.
  22. Web site: 'Goblin' teaser accompanies fall foliage in Quebec. November 15, 2016. Kpop Herald. August 25, 2017. December 11, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171211053339/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201611151727183996460_2&ACE_SEARCH=1. live.
  23. News: Le "Brad Pitt" de la Corée du Sud en tournage à Québec. La Presse. fr-CA. October 14, 2016. August 8, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170808195423/http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/arts/cinema/201610/10/01-5029018-le-brad-pitt-de-la-coree-du-sud-en-tournage-a-quebec.php. live.
    - Web site: Tournage d'une méga série sud-coréenne à Québec. ICI.Radio-Canada.ca. Zone Arts -. Radio-Canada.ca. 10 October 2016. fr-ca. October 14, 2016. 14 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161014101359/http://ici.radio-canada.ca/regions/quebec/2016/10/10/006-serie-sud-coreenne-quebec-attraction-images.shtml. live.
  24. News: Porter. Isabelle. La porte magique de Québec: Les abords du Château Frontenac deviennent des lieux-cultes pour les adeptes d'une série fantastique sud-coréenne. 11 July 2017. Le Devoir. 27 January 2019. 4 April 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230404233224/https://www.ledevoir.com/politique/ville-de-quebec/503154/titre-la-porte-magique-de-quebec. live.
    - News: Montgomery. Angelica. How a popular Korean soap opera is drawing Asian tourists to Quebec City. July 14, 2017. CBC News. July 12, 2017. en. July 14, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170714014158/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/korean-soap-opera-quebec-city-1.4201193. live.
  25. Web site: Guess where the 'Guardian' cast is going on holiday. January 17, 2017. Kpop Herald. August 25, 2017. December 11, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171211053451/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201701171057106353385_2&ACE_SEARCH=1. live.
  26. Web site: http://music.ponycanyon.co.jp/short/sakuhin/PCCA000004656/?REF=MUSIC. ja:「トッケビ～君がくれた愛しい日々～」オリジナル・サウンドトラック. Guardian: The Lonely and Great God OST. ja. Pony Canyon. March 1, 2018.
  27. Web site: 쓸쓸하고찬란하神-도깨비 OST (孤单又灿烂的神－鬼怪 OST). Guardian: The Lonely and Great God OST. zh. QQ Music. April 2, 2017. April 2, 2017. July 28, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170728195608/https://y.qq.com/n/yqq/album/0046l5AB1E0FwV.html. live.
  28. Web site: Artists point fingers over song controversy. Korea JoongAng Daily. January 26, 2017. August 25, 2017. January 14, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180114184457/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3029150. live.
  29. Cumulative sales for "Stay With Me":
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Month 12. Gaon Chart. January 5, 2017. November 15, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171115083038/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?serviceGbn=S1020&termGbn=month&hitYear=2016&targetTime=12&nationGbn=T. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Year 2017. Gaon Chart. January 12, 2018. May 31, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200531065614/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&hitYear=2017&termGbn=year. live.
  30. Cumulative sales "My Eyes":
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Month 12. Gaon Chart. January 5, 2017. November 15, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171115083038/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?serviceGbn=S1020&termGbn=month&hitYear=2016&targetTime=12&nationGbn=T. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – First Half 2017. Gaon Chart. July 13, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20150710170750/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/total.gaon?serviceGbn=S1020. July 10, 2015. dead.
  31. Cumulative sales for "Hush":
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Month 12. Gaon Chart. January 5, 2017. November 15, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171115083038/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?serviceGbn=S1020&termGbn=month&hitYear=2016&targetTime=12&nationGbn=T. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – First Half 2017. Gaon Chart. July 13, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20150710170750/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/total.gaon?serviceGbn=S1020. July 10, 2015. dead.
  32. Cumulative sales for "Beautiful":
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Month 12. Gaon Chart. January 5, 2017. November 15, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171115083038/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?serviceGbn=S1020&termGbn=month&hitYear=2016&targetTime=12&nationGbn=T. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Year 2017. Gaon Chart. January 12, 2018. May 31, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200531065614/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&hitYear=2017&termGbn=year. live.
  33. Cumulative sales for "You Are So Beautiful":
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Month 12. Gaon Chart. January 5, 2017. November 15, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171115083038/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?serviceGbn=S1020&termGbn=month&hitYear=2016&targetTime=12&nationGbn=T. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Year 2017. Gaon Chart. January 12, 2018. May 31, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200531065614/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&hitYear=2017&termGbn=year. live.
  34. Cumulative sales for "Who Are You":
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Month 12. Gaon Chart. January 5, 2017. November 15, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171115083038/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?serviceGbn=S1020&termGbn=month&hitYear=2016&targetTime=12&nationGbn=T. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Year 2017. Gaon Chart. January 12, 2018. May 31, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200531065614/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&hitYear=2017&termGbn=year. live.
  35. Cumulative sales for "I Miss You":
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Month 12. Gaon Chart. January 5, 2017. November 15, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171115083038/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?serviceGbn=S1020&termGbn=month&hitYear=2016&targetTime=12&nationGbn=T. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Year 2017. Gaon Chart. January 12, 2018. May 31, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200531065614/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&hitYear=2017&termGbn=year. live.
  36. Cumulative sales for "First Snow":
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Week 53. Gaon Chart. January 5, 2017. January 6, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170106010729/http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&targetTime=53&hitYear=2016&termGbn=week. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Year 2017. Gaon Chart. January 12, 2018. May 31, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200531065614/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&hitYear=2017&termGbn=year. live.
  37. Cumulative sales for "I Will Go to You Like the First Snow":
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Year 2017. Gaon Chart. January 12, 2018. May 31, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200531065614/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&hitYear=2017&termGbn=year. live.
  38. Cumulative sales for "Wish":
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Year 2017. Gaon Chart. January 12, 2018. May 31, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200531065614/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&hitYear=2017&termGbn=year. live.
  39. Cumulative sales for "And I'm Here", "Winter is Coming" & "Stuck in Love":
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Week 02. Gaon Chart. January 19, 2017. January 20, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170120184553/http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&targetTime=02&hitYear=2017&termGbn=week. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Week 03. Gaon Chart. January 26, 2017. February 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210205195237/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&targetTime=03&hitYear=2017&termGbn=week. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Week 04. Gaon Chart. February 2, 2017. February 2, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170202233205/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&targetTime=04&hitYear=2017&termGbn=week. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Week 05. Gaon Chart. February 9, 2017. February 11, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170211075439/http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?serviceGbn=S1020&termGbn=week&hitYear=2017&targetTime=05&nationGbn=T. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Week 06. Gaon Chart. February 16, 2017. June 27, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180627062405/http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&targetTime=06&hitYear=2017&termGbn=week. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Week 07. Gaon Chart. February 23, 2017. November 25, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161125050200/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&targetTime=07&hitYear=2017&termGbn=week. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Week 08. Gaon Chart. March 2, 2017. November 25, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161125050200/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&targetTime=08&hitYear=2017&termGbn=week. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Week 09. Gaon Chart. March 9, 2017. November 25, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161125050200/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&targetTime=09&hitYear=2017&termGbn=week. live.
  40. Cumulative sales for "Heaven":
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Month 01. Gaon Chart. February 9, 2017. December 1, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201201105437/http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&targetTime=01&hitYear=2017&termGbn=month. live.
    • Web site: Gaon Download Chart – Month 02. Gaon Chart. March 9, 2017. March 12, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170312033807/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&targetTime=02&hitYear=2017&termGbn=month. live.
  41. Cumulative sales for "Love":
  42. Cumulative sales for "Round and Round":
    • Web site: Goblin OST Pack . https://web.archive.org/web/20150827134421/http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/album.gaon?nationGbn=T . August 27, 2015 . dead . February 5, 2017 .
  44. Web site: Gaon Album Chart – Year 2017. Gaon Chart. January 12, 2018. August 1, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200801054427/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/album.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&hitYear=2017&termGbn=year. live.
  45. Goblin OST Sales in China's two major music platforms:
    • Web site: Goblin OST – QQ Music . China QQ Music . April 2, 2017 . January 19, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180119001027/http://y.qq.com/live/album/index.html?id=1727079 . live .
    • Web site: Goblin OST – Kugou. Kugou. April 2, 2017. March 23, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170323152326/http://zhuanji.kugou.com/html/pc_commonchargeV2/index_60290.html?is_go=0&hreffrom=13. live.
  46. Web site: Korean Drama "Guardian" lures Asian and US viewers. 5 May 2017. The Korea Times. 1 May 2024. 10 November 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231110110214/http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2017/05/398_228852.html. live.
  47. Web site: 'Guardian' fever continues. February 7, 2017. The Korea Times.
  48. Web site: Gong Yoo wore 182 different outfits in 'Guardian'. February 3, 2017. Kpop Herald. August 25, 2017. December 11, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171211053449/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201702031715496712612_2&ACE_SEARCH=1. live.
    - Web site: 'Guardian' styles sweeping fashion industry. December 29, 2016. Kpop Herald. August 25, 2017. December 11, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171211053540/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201612291759481545324_2&ACE_SEARCH=1. live.
  49. Web site: Female leads of hit dramas spark lip makeup trend. 11 January 2017. Kpop Herald. 25 August 2017. 11 December 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171211053454/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201701110945525244721_2&ACE_SEARCH=1. live.
  50. Web site: Thanks to hit show, fedoras are must-have accessory. February 1, 2017. Korea JoongAng Daily. August 25, 2017. August 25, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170825045405/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=3029269. live.
  51. Web site: Book sales jump as Guardian's popularity soars. The Korea Times. December 27, 2016. January 22, 2017. January 18, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170118015020/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2016/12/386_220935.html. live.
  52. Web site: 'Guardian' filming sites become hot tourist spots. 18 January 2017. The Korea Times. 1 May 2024. 16 November 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231116052530/http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2017/01/398_221632.html. live.
  53. Web site: Music speaks volumes in hit TV show 'Guardian'. January 11, 2017. Yonhap News Agency. August 25, 2017. December 10, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171210232038/http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/search1/2603000000.html?cid=AEN20170111008300315. live.
    - Web site: 'Guardian' songs sweeping music charts. January 11, 2017. Kpop Herald. August 25, 2017. December 11, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171211053404/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201701111219366182358_2&ACE_SEARCH=1. live.
  54. Web site: Goblin beats Descendants of Sun in video-on-demand sales. The Straits Times. April 27, 2017. April 29, 2017. August 20, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170820142546/http://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/entertainment/goblin-beats-descendants-of-the-sun-in-video-on-demand-sales. live.
    - Web site: 'Guardian' sees strong video-on-demand sales, beats 'Descendants of the Sun'. April 26, 2017. Kpop Herald. August 25, 2017. December 11, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171211053401/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201704261746506055984_2&ACE_SEARCH=1. live.
  55. Web site: Fantasy drama "Guardian" enjoys unprecedented popularity. 20 December 2016. The Korea Times. January 22, 2017. 1 August 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200801081425/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2016/12/386_220542.html. live.
  56. Web site: Creative plot key to K-drama success. April 26, 2017. The Korea Times. May 1, 2024. November 10, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231110102950/http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2017/04/398_228373.html. live.
  57. News: 'Guardian,' popular but controversial. The Korea Herald. April 4, 2017. en. January 26, 2017.
  58. News: Despite flaws, 'Guardian' reaches new heights in rating, themes. Yonhap News Agency. en. January 26, 2017. July 11, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170711064421/http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/news/2017/01/23/15/0200000000AEN20170123005500315F.html. live.
  59. News: [단독][도깨비 20.5%] VOD 흥행기록 깼다…중국 없이도 흑자③]. 윤. 고은. January 22, 2017. Yonhap News Agency. ko-KR. [Exclusive] [Guardian20.5％] VOD Breaks Records... China Market Excluded③. January 26, 2017. January 25, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170125124810/http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/bulletin/2017/01/20/0200000000AKR20170120178800033.HTML. live.
  60. News: hermesauto. 2017-01-05. K-drama Goblin is very popular but very controversial in South Korea. 2020-08-15. The Straits Times. en. 2023-06-23. https://web.archive.org/web/20230623143622/https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/entertainment/k-drama-goblin-is-very-popular-but-very-controversial-in-south-korea. live.
  61. Web site: 23 January 2017. 'Guardian' finale breaks viewership records. Korea JoongAng Daily. 25 August 2017. 10 December 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171210232323/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3028969. live.
    - News: January 22, 2017. Last episode of fantasy rom-com 'Guardian' boasts record viewership. The Korea Herald. August 25, 2017. August 1, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200801065054/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20170122000041&ACE_SEARCH=1. live.
  62. Web site: Nielsen Korea. Nielsen Korea. ko. December 3, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160601140426/http://www.nielsenkorea.co.kr/tv_terrestrial_day.asp?menu=Tit_1&sub_menu=3_1&area=00. June 1, 2016. dead.
  63. Web site: TNMS Ratings. ko. Naver. February 5, 2017.
  64. Web site: TNMS Ratings. ko. Naver. February 5, 2017. June 5, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220605103602/https://m.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=m&query=%EB%8F%84%EA%B9%A8%EB%B9%84+%EC%8A%A4%ED%8E%98%EC%85%9C+%EC%9E%AC%EB%B0%A9%EC%86%A1&sm=mtb_she&qdt=0. live.
  65. Web site: 'Goblin' Sweeps the 2017 Korea Cable TV Awards. 10 March 2017. Korea Daily. 25 August 2017. 26 September 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170926235506/http://www.koreadailyus.com/goblin-sweeps-the-2017-korea-cable-tv-awards/. live.
  66. Web site: Announcing the winners of the 5th Annual DramaFever Awards. April 27, 2017. DramaFever. 2017-10-20.
  67. Web site: 'Guardian,' 'The Handmaiden' win big at Baeksang Awards. May 4, 2017. The Korea Herald. August 25, 2017. September 7, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170907080113/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20170504000531&ACE_SEARCH=1. live.
  68. Web site: [SDA 2017] 에일리, 한류 주제가상.."박보검 다음 작품도 부르고파"]. osen. September 7, 2017. September 7, 2017. ko. September 30, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200930192459/http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1110726616. live.
  69. Web site: "'도깨비' 첫눈효과 여전" 에일리, OST상 주인공. m.entertain.naver.com. September 20, 2017. September 20, 2017. September 20, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170920190756/http://m.entertain.naver.com/read?oid=112&aid=0002959135. live.
  70. News: Son Ye-ji. 한석규·김상중·차인표·김영철·최민수, '2017 KDA' 대상 후보 5人 확정 (공식). TenAsia. September 27, 2017. October 2, 2017. ko. February 18, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180218230523/http://tenasia.hankyung.com/archives/1305754. live.
    - News: Noh Gyu-min. ko:김상중, 대상 "5년마다 수상…그것이 알고싶다" 소감… '도깨비' 작품상(코리아드라마어워즈). http://tenasia.hankyung.com/archives/1309852. TenAsia. October 2, 2017. October 2, 2017. ko. October 3, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171003030732/http://tenasia.hankyung.com/archives/1309852. live.
  71. Web site: [★포토]에일리, '베스트 OST상 받았어요']. November 15, 2017. November 15, 2017. November 15, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171115224741/http://star.mt.co.kr/stview.php?no=2017111519512521928. live.
  72. News: 22nd Asian Television Awards 2017 nominees announced. Asian Television Awards. November 8, 2017. December 2, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171202152952/https://www.asiantvawards.com/2017/11/asian-television-awards-2017-nominees/. dead.
  73. Web site: 2017 MAMA Announces Nominees + Voting Begins. Soompi. October 19, 2017. October 19, 2017. January 1, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210101144025/https://www.soompi.com/article/1061227wpp/2017-mama-announces-nominees-voting-begins. dead.
  74. News: 2017 Melon Music Awards Announces Nominees For Category Awards + Voting Begins. https://web.archive.org/web/20171113010101/https://www.soompi.com/2017/11/12/2017%2Dmelon%2Dmusic%2Dawards%2Dannounces%2Dnominees%2Dcategory%2Dawards%2Dvoting%2Dbegins/. Soompi. November 13, 2017. dead. November 13, 2017.
  75. Web site: Winners Of The 32nd Golden Disc Awards Day 2. Soompi.au. January 11, 2018. January 11, 2018. January 11, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180111145027/https://www.soompi.com/2018/01/11/winners-32nd-golden-disc-awards-day-2/. dead.
  76. Web site: Winners Of The 27th Seoul Music Awards. 25 January 2018. Soompi. 25 January 2018. 4 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180804083048/https://www.soompi.com/2018/01/25/winners-27th-seoul-music-awards/. dead.

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