Glycoside hydrolase family 25 explained

Symbol:	Glyco_hydro_25
Glycosyl hydrolases family 25
Pfam:	PF01183
Pfam Clan:	CL0058
Interpro:	IPR002053
Prosite:	PDOC00737
Scop:	1jfx
Cazy:	GH25

In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 25 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.

Glycoside hydrolases are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families.^{[1] [2] [3]} This classification is available on the CAZy web site,^{[4] [5]} and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.^{[6] [7]}

Glycoside hydrolase family 25 CAZY GH_25 comprises enzymes with only one known activity; lysozyme . It has been shown^{[8] [9]} that a number of cell-wall lytic enzymes are evolutionary related and can be classified into a single family. Two residues, an aspartate and a glutamate, have been shown^[10] to be important for the catalytic activity of the Charalopsis enzyme. These residues as well as some others in their vicinity are conserved in all proteins from this family.

Notes and References

1. Henrissat B, Callebaut I, Fabrega S, Lehn P, Mornon JP, Davies G . Conserved catalytic machinery and the prediction of a common fold for several families of glycosyl hydrolases . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 92 . 15 . 7090–4 . July 1995 . 7624375 . 41477 . 10.1073/pnas.92.15.7090 . 1995PNAS...92.7090H . free .
2. Davies G, Henrissat B . Structures and mechanisms of glycosyl hydrolases . Structure . 3 . 9 . 853–9 . September 1995 . 8535779 . 10.1016/S0969-2126(01)00220-9 . free .
3. Henrissat B, Bairoch A . Updating the sequence-based classification of glycosyl hydrolases . The Biochemical Journal . 316 . Pt 2 . 695–6 . June 1996 . 8687420 . 1217404 . 10.1042/bj3160695.
4. Web site: Home. CAZy.org. en. 2018-03-06.
5. Lombard V, Golaconda Ramulu H, Drula E, Coutinho PM, Henrissat B . The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy) in 2013 . Nucleic Acids Research . 42 . Database issue . D490-5 . January 2014 . 24270786 . 3965031 . 10.1093/nar/gkt1178 .
6. Web site: Glycoside Hydrolase Family 25. CAZypedia.org. en. 2018-03-06.
7. Ten years of CAZypedia: a living encyclopedia of carbohydrate-active enzymes . Glycobiology . 28 . 1 . 3–8 . December 2018 . 29040563 . 10.1093/glycob/cwx089 . CAZypedia Consortium . free .
8. Henrissat B . A classification of glycosyl hydrolases based on amino acid sequence similarities . The Biochemical Journal . 280 . 2 . 309–16 . December 1991 . 1747104 . 1130547 . 10.1042/bj2800309 .
9. Croux C, García JL . Sequence of the lyc gene encoding the autolytic lysozyme of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC824: comparison with other lytic enzymes . Gene . 104 . 1 . 25–31 . July 1991 . 1916274 . 10.1016/0378-1119(91)90460-S .
10. Fouche PB, Hash JH . The N,O-diacetylmuramidase of Chalaropsis species. Identification of aspartyl and glutamyl residues in the active site . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 253 . 19 . 6787–93 . October 1978 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)37988-7 . 567645 . free .