Glycoside hydrolase family 15 explained

Symbol:Glyco_hydro_15
Glycosyl hydrolases family 15
Pfam:PF00723
Pfam Clan:CL0059
Scop:1glm
Cazy:GH15

In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 15 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.

Glycoside hydrolases are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families.[1] [2] [3] This classification is available on the CAZy web site,[4] [5] and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.[6] [7] y[_]9

Glycoside hydrolase family 15 CAZY GH_15 comprises enzymes with several known activities; glucoamylase ; alpha-glucosidase ; glucodextranase .

Glucoamylase (GA) catalyses the release of D-glucose from the non-reducing ends of starch and other oligo- or poly-saccharides. Studies of fungal GA have indicated 3 closely clustered acidic residues that play a role in the catalytic mechanism.[8] This region is also conserved in a recently sequenced bacterial GA.[9]

The 3D structure of the pseudo-tetrasaccharide acarbose complexed with glucoamylase II(471) from Aspergillus awamori var. X100 has been determined to 2.4A resolution.[10] The protein belongs to the mainly alpha class, and contains 19 helices and 9 strands.

Notes and References

  1. Henrissat B, Callebaut I, Fabrega S, Lehn P, Mornon JP, Davies G . Conserved catalytic machinery and the prediction of a common fold for several families of glycosyl hydrolases . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 92 . 15 . 7090–4 . July 1995 . 7624375 . 41477 . 10.1073/pnas.92.15.7090 . 1995PNAS...92.7090H . free .
  2. Davies G, Henrissat B . Structures and mechanisms of glycosyl hydrolases . Structure . 3 . 9 . 853–9 . September 1995 . 8535779 . 10.1016/S0969-2126(01)00220-9 . free .
  3. Henrissat B, Bairoch A . Updating the sequence-based classification of glycosyl hydrolases . The Biochemical Journal . 316 (Pt 2) . Pt 2 . 695–6 . June 1996 . 8687420 . 1217404 . 10.1042/bj3160695 .
  4. Web site: Home. CAZy.org. en. 2018-03-06.
  5. Lombard V, Golaconda Ramulu H, Drula E, Coutinho PM, Henrissat B . The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy) in 2013 . Nucleic Acids Research . 42 . Database issue . D490-5 . January 2014 . 24270786 . 3965031 . 10.1093/nar/gkt1178 .
  6. Web site: Glycoside Hydrolase Family 15. CAZypedia.org. en. 2018-03-06.
  7. Ten years of CAZypedia: a living encyclopedia of carbohydrate-active enzymes . Glycobiology . 28 . 1 . 3–8 . December 2018 . 29040563 . 10.1093/glycob/cwx089 . CAZypedia Consortium . 21.11116/0000-0003-B7EB-6 . free .
  8. Sierks MR, Ford C, Reilly PJ, Svensson B . Catalytic mechanism of fungal glucoamylase as defined by mutagenesis of Asp176, Glu179 and Glu180 in the enzyme from Aspergillus awamori . Protein Engineering . 3 . 3 . 193–8 . January 1990 . 1970434 . 10.1093/protein/3.3.193 .
  9. Ohnishi H, Kitamura H, Minowa T, Sakai H, Ohta T . Molecular cloning of a glucoamylase gene from a thermophilic Clostridium and kinetics of the cloned enzyme . European Journal of Biochemistry . 207 . 2 . 413–8 . July 1992 . 1633799 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb17064.x .
  10. Aleshin AE, Firsov LM, Honzatko RB . Refined structure for the complex of acarbose with glucoamylase from Aspergillus awamori var. X100 to 2.4-A resolution . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 269 . 22 . 15631–9 . June 1994 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)40728-9 . 8195212 . free .

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Glycoside hydrolase family 15".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.