Glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor explained

Glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor (GLP-2R) is a protein that in human is encoded by the GLP2R gene located on chromosome 17.^[1]

Function

The GLP2 receptor (GLP2R) is a G protein-coupled receptor superfamily member closely related to the glucagon receptor (GLP1 receptor). Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP2) is a 33-amino acid proglucagon-derived peptide produced by intestinal enteroendocrine cells. Like glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) and glucagon itself, it is derived from the proglucagon peptide encoded by the GCG gene. GLP2 stimulates intestinal growth and upregulates villus height in the small intestine, concomitant with increased crypt cell proliferation and decreased enterocyte apoptosis. Moreover, GLP2 prevents intestinal hypoplasia resulting from total parenteral nutrition. GLP2R, a G protein-coupled receptor superfamily member is expressed in the gut and closely related to the glucagon receptor (GCGR) and the receptor for GLP1 (GLP1R).^[2]

See also

• Glucagon-like peptide-2

Further reading

• Burrin DG, Petersen Y, Stoll B, Sangild P . Glucagon-like peptide 2: a nutrient-responsive gut growth factor . The Journal of Nutrition . 131 . 3 . 709–12 . Mar 2001 . 11238747 . 10.1093/jn/131.3.709. free .
• Munroe DG, Gupta AK, Kooshesh F, Vyas TB, Rizkalla G, Wang H, Demchyshyn L, Yang ZJ, Kamboj RK, Chen H, McCallum K, Sumner-Smith M, Drucker DJ, Crivici A . Prototypic G protein-coupled receptor for the intestinotrophic factor glucagon-like peptide 2 . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 96 . 4 . 1569–73 . Feb 1999 . 9990065 . 15520 . 10.1073/pnas.96.4.1569. 1999PNAS...96.1569M . free .
• Yusta B, Huang L, Munroe D, Wolff G, Fantaske R, Sharma S, Demchyshyn L, Asa SL, Drucker DJ . Enteroendocrine localization of GLP-2 receptor expression in humans and rodents . Gastroenterology . 119 . 3 . 744–55 . Sep 2000 . 10982769 . 10.1053/gast.2000.16489.
• Thulesen J, Knudsen LB, Hartmann B, Hastrup S, Kissow H, Jeppesen PB, Ørskov C, Holst JJ, Poulsen SS . The truncated metabolite GLP-2 (3-33) interacts with the GLP-2 receptor as a partial agonist . Regulatory Peptides . 103 . 1 . 9–15 . Jan 2002 . 11738243 . 10.1016/S0167-0115(01)00316-0. 23179465 .
• Koehler JA, Yusta B, Drucker DJ . The HeLa cell glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor is coupled to regulation of apoptosis and ERK1/2 activation through divergent signaling pathways . Molecular Endocrinology . 19 . 2 . 459–73 . Feb 2005 . 15471943 . 10.1210/me.2004-0196. free .
• Ørskov C, Hartmann B, Poulsen SS, Thulesen J, Hare KJ, Holst JJ . GLP-2 stimulates colonic growth via KGF, released by subepithelial myofibroblasts with GLP-2 receptors . Regulatory Peptides . 124 . 1–3 . 105–12 . Jan 2005 . 15544847 . 10.1016/j.regpep.2004.07.009. 6613593 .
• Mahon MJ, Shimada M . Calmodulin interacts with the cytoplasmic tails of the parathyroid hormone 1 receptor and a sub-set of class b G-protein coupled receptors . FEBS Letters . 579 . 3 . 803–7 . Jan 2005 . 15670850 . 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.12.056. 6471940 .
• Estall JL, Koehler JA, Yusta B, Drucker DJ . The glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor C terminus modulates beta-arrestin-2 association but is dispensable for ligand-induced desensitization, endocytosis, and G-protein-dependent effector activation . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 280 . 23 . 22124–34 . Jun 2005 . 15817468 . 10.1074/jbc.M500078200. free .
• Guan X, Karpen HE, Stephens J, Bukowski JT, Niu S, Zhang G, Stoll B, Finegold MJ, Holst JJ, Hadsell D, Hadsell DL, Nichols BL, Burrin DG . GLP-2 receptor localizes to enteric neurons and endocrine cells expressing vasoactive peptides and mediates increased blood flow . Gastroenterology . 130 . 1 . 150–64 . Jan 2006 . 16401478 . 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.005 . free .
• Sams A, Hastrup S, Andersen M, Thim L . Naturally occurring glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) receptors in human intestinal cell lines . European Journal of Pharmacology . 532 . 1–2 . 18–23 . Feb 2006 . 16448646 . 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.12.001.
• Web site: Glucagon Receptor Family: GLP-2 . IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels . International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology . 2007-10-25 . 2015-02-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150216215938/http://www.iuphar-db.org/GPCR/ReceptorDisplayForward?receptorID=2291 . dead .

Notes and References

1. Brubaker PL, Drucker DJ . Structure-function of the glucagon receptor family of G protein-coupled receptors: the glucagon, GIP, GLP-1, and GLP-2 receptors . Receptors & Channels . 8 . 3–4 . 179–88 . 2002 . 12529935 . 10.1080/10606820213687.
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: Glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor .