GlobalHell explained

globalHell (known as 'gH') was an American hacker group. They were one of the first hacking groups who gained notoriety for website defacements and breaches. The combined losses caused by the group were estimated to be ranged between $1.5m and $2.5m.[1] The group was called a "cyber gang" as it had many of the same characteristics of a gang and carried out the same activities as a gang, including trafficking in stolen credit card numbers.[2]

Founder:Patrick W. Gregory (MostHateD), Chad Davis (Mindphasr)
Purpose:Hacking
Membership:20-25
Membership Year:1998-1999
Language:English
Leader Name:Patrick W. Gregory (MostHateD)
Leader Name2:Chad Davis (Mindphasr)

Global Hell was more concerned with gaining notoriety for defacing prominent Web sites than with destroying or capturing sensitive information.[3] The members of the group were responsible for breaking and defacing around 115 sites. A few of the systems they broke into include those of United States Army, White House, United States Cellular, Ameritech, US Postal Service, NASA and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.[4] [5] The group disbanded in 1999 due to being prosecuted for computer intrusion. IRC channel called #feed-the-goats was the home of hacking group.[6] [7]

History

The group was founded by Patrick Gregory and Chad Davis in February 1998. Gregory was a member of a street gang who turned to cyberspace to escape from the gang.[8] Between 1998 and 2000, the group's membership was estimated between 15 and 20.[9] In April 1999, the group invaded computer systems operated by the White House, the U.S. Army, Ameritech, U.S. Cellular and several other companies. On May 2, 1999, hackers invaded the White House website and put a picture of flowered panties on its home page.[10] Along with gH, a group called 'Hong Kong Danger Duo' also took part in the White House hack.[11]

On May 8, 1999, FBI agents arrested Eric Burns, known as Zyklon, charging him with multiple felony counts of computer intrusion, causing damage in excess of $40,000. On May 9, 1999, FBI launched raids on suspected members.[12] [13] [14] [15]

On May 27, the group retaliated for doing searches of nine of its members by the FBI by flooding the FBI Web site with thousands of requests for access.[16] The FBI shut down the site as to not cause anymore damage to the server. A hacker named 'Israeli Ghost' took credit for the attack on the FBI’s site.[17] Over the next week, Global Hell also attacked the Virginia Senate.[18] [19] Hackers from other organizations defaced website of United States Department of the Interior and a site run by an Idaho-based federal supercomputer laboratory. A note threatening the destruction of the computers "if the FBI doesn't stop" was posted on a site maintained by the Idaho National Laboratory.[20] [21] [22] [23] [24] Global Hell was not able break into classified servers.[25] [26]

Two members of the group were willing to cooperate. Through them, they got the address of Davis (Mindphasr). On June 2, FBI raided the Davis's apartment and he admitted being a member.[27] On June 28, at 2:14 a.m., Davis gained access to the Army's website and put a message "Global Hell is alive. Global Hell will not die".[28] [29] He also gained access to an unidentified Army network and modified the computer files. The website was tampered with for as long as nine hours.[30] Public access was restored within two hours of knowing. After this attack, the Army switched its website from Microsoft's Windows NT servers to WebStar servers running Mac OS.[31] [32] [33] [34]

Davis was arrested on August 30, 1999,[35] and he pleaded guilty on January 4, 2000. On March 1, 2000, he received a six-month jail term and three years' probation. He was ordered to pay restitution in the amount of $8,054. Davis was the first person to be arrested in this investigation.[36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41]

Burns pleaded guilty to his charges on September 7, 1999. On November 19, 1999, he was sentenced to 15 months in prison and three years' probation, plus an order to pay $36,240 in restitution to his victims. Burns was prohibited from using a computer for three years.[42]

In December 1999, Curador, a Wales-based 16-year-old member of the group reportedly compromised 26 companies, including a number of ISPs. When authorities tracked him down and confiscated his system, they found more than 200,000 Pacific Bell Internet user accounts of which 63,000 were already cracked.[43] [44] PacBell, then a part of SBC Communications, responded by asking the affected customers to change their passwords immediately.[45] Losses were estimated to be $3 million.[46] [47]

The group disbanded in 1999 as 12 participants in the group have been prosecuted for computer intrusions and about 30 more have faced lesser penalties.[48] [49]

On Feb 12, 2000, a hacker calling himself Coolio redirected users from RSA Security's website to another hacked site in Colombia on which he left a message "owned by coolio".[50] He was assumed to be a member of gH by Reuters. But law inforcement was searching "Coolio" lived in New Hampshire, not gH member "Coolio" who resided in Southern California.[51] [52]

In March 2000, Patrick Gregory or MostHateD, agreed to plead guilty to conspiracy to commit teleconferencing fraud and computer trespass. On March 31, he was arrested on charges of car theft and burglary by the local burglary squad. Later sheriff's department discovered that Gregory was expected in federal court. Due to his arrest, he missed an important federal court appointment where he was to plead guilty to computer trespass, telephone fraud and data theft.[53] [54] [55]

On April 12, 2000, Patrick Gregory plead guilty to conspiracy for "computer hacking" and "telecommunications fraud".[56] Gregory also admitted to stealing codes that allowed him to create illegal conference calls. Those conversations were some of the most important evidence against gH members. On September 6, 2000, he was sentenced to 26 months in prison and had pay $154,529.86 in restitution.[57] [58] [59] [60]

Members

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 2000-03-30 . Global Hell hacker to plead guilty, Part I . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230602000830/https://www.zdnet.com/home-and-office/networking/global-hell-hacker-to-plead-guilty-part-i/ . 2023-06-02 . 2024-03-07 . ZDNET . en.
  2. Book: Marion . Nancy E. . Cybercrime: An Encyclopedia of Digital Crime . Twede . Jason . 2020-10-06 . Bloomsbury Publishing USA . 978-1-4408-5735-5 . en . https://web.archive.org/web/20240518204244/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=GErEEAAAQBAJ&dq=globalHell&pg=PA202&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false . 2024-05-18.
  3. Book: Electronic Crime Needs Assessment for State and Local Law Enforcement . 2001 . U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice . en . 2024-03-07 . 2024-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240307134727/https://books.google.com/books?id=y54RrVCvtaAC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PR3&dq=globalHell&hl=en#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false . live .
  4. 2006-08-23 . Hacking Like it's 1999 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230603054012/https://www.wired.com/2006/08/hacking-like-it/ . 2023-06-03 . 2024-03-07 . Wired . en-US . 1059-1028.
  5. Book: Harrison . Ann . Crackers Used Known Weakness on Fed Sites . Ohlson . Kathleen . 1999-07-05 . IDG Enterprise . en . 2024-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240307134313/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=ksACoz3PoMwC&pg=PA16&dq=globalHell&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjp1v3Cw-GEAxXRs1YBHen-BFwQuwV6BAgJEAY#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false . 2024-03-07 . live.
  6. Zetter . Kim . Final Conspirator in Credit Card Hacking Ring Gets 5 Years . 2024-07-19 . Wired . en-US . 1059-1028 . 2021-08-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210801114239/https://www.wired.com/2010/04/toey-sentence/ . live .
  7. Zetter . Kim . Coder Journeys From Wall Street to Prison . 2024-07-19 . Wired . en-US . 1059-1028 . 2023-05-10 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230510211235/https://www.wired.com/2010/05/watt-reports-to-prison/ . live .
  8. Book: Erbschloe, Michael . Information Warfare: How to Survive Cyber Attacks . 2001 . Osborne/McGraw-Hill . 978-0-07-213260-1 . en . 2024-03-07 . 2024-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240307134309/https://books.google.com/books?id=xyhUAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=globalHell&q=globalHell&hl=en . live .
  9. Book: Sachs . Marcus . Cyber Adversary Characterization: Auditing the Hacker Mind . Parker . Tom . Shaw . Eric . Stroz . Ed . 2004-07-09 . Elsevier . 978-0-08-047699-5 . en . 2024-03-07 . 2024-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240307134323/https://books.google.com/books?id=n7d5mssw6kMC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA35&dq=globalHell&hl=en#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false . live .
  10. Book: Clark, David Leon . Enterprise Security: The Manager's Defense Guide . 2003 . Addison-Wesley Professional . 978-0-201-71972-7 . en . 2024-03-07 . 2024-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240307132553/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZyH6SudBkDoC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA38&dq=globalHell&hl=en#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false . live .
  11. Web site: Meeks . Brock . 1999-05-11 . White House Web site shut down . 2024-08-02 . ZDNET . en . 2024-08-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240802171653/https://www.zdnet.com/article/white-house-web-site-shut-down/ . live .
  12. Book: Newton, Michael . The Encyclopedia of High-tech Crime and Crime-fighting . 2003 . Infobase Publishing . 978-1-4381-2986-0 . en . 2024-03-07 . 2024-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240307132508/https://books.google.com/books?id=sAK6_W7lLkoC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA127&dq=globalHell&hl=en#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false . live .
  13. Web site: 1999-06-24 . FBI on offensive in 'cyber war,' raiding hackers' homes . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230928204421/http://edition.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9906/24/t_t/hacker.raid/index.html . 2023-09-28 . 2024-07-04 . CNN.
  14. Burrough . Bryan . 2000-06-01 . Invisible Enemies . 2024-07-19 . Vanity Fair . en-US . 2022-11-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221129170316/https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2000/06/web-hackers-200006 . live .
  15. Web site: 2000-02-16 . STATEMENT OF JANET RENO ATTORNEY GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES BEFORE THE UNITED STATES SENATE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS SUBCOMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, JUSTICE, AND STATE THE JUDICIARY AND RELATED AGENCIES . 2024-07-19 . www.justice.gov . 2021-04-14 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210414035010/https://www.justice.gov/archive/ag/testimony/2000/reno21600.htm . live .
  16. News: Simons . John . 1999-06-01 . FBI Conducts Hacker Raids Amid Web-Site Break-Ins . . 2024-08-09 . 2024-08-09 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240809075207/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB928191596777748168 . live .
  17. Web site: Meeks . Brock . 1999-05-26 . Hack attack knocks out FBI site . 2024-08-02 . ZDNET . en . 2024-08-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240802171653/https://www.zdnet.com/article/hack-attack-knocks-out-fbi-site/ . live .
  18. Book: Hack Attack . 1999-05-31 . IDG Network World Inc . en . 2024-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240307132507/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=Qw0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA6&dq=globalHell&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjF5_alxuGEAxVO3TQHHUEYDV04ChC7BXoECAkQBg#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false . 2024-03-07 . live.
  19. News: Richardson . Tim . 1999-05-28 . FBI site still down after hack attack . The Register . 2024-07-04 . 2005-01-18 . https://web.archive.org/web/20050118044308/http://www.theregister.com/1999/05/28/fbi_site_still_down_after/ . live .
  20. Web site: Kaplan . Lee . 1999-05-28 . FBI Wages War With Hackers . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170321012108/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/fbi-wages-war-with-hackers/ . 2017-03-21 . 2024-07-04 . CBS . en-US.
  21. Taylor . Chris . 1999-06-14 . Geeks vs. G-Men . 2024-07-04 . TIME . en . 2024-07-04 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240704072218/https://time.com/archive/6735603/geeks-vs-g-men/ . live .
  22. News: Bell . Steve . 2002-08-01 . The web's most wanted . 2024-07-19 . The Guardian . en-GB . 0261-3077 . 2024-08-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240803160325/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2002/aug/01/hacking.internetcrime . live .
  23. Web site: Meeks . Brock . 1999-05-27 . Feds vs. hackers: The battle widens . 2024-08-02 . ZDNET . en . 2024-08-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240802171654/https://www.zdnet.com/article/feds-vs-hackers-the-battle-widens-5000095881/ . live .
  24. Web site: Meeks . Brock . 1999-05-31 . More government sites hacked . ZDNET . 2024-08-02 . 2024-07-05 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240705083005/https://www.zdnet.com/article/more-government-sites-hacked-5000095882/ . live .
  25. Web site: Fitzgerald . Michael . 1999-06-02 . FBI missing the real hacking threat? . 2024-08-02 . ZDNET . en . 2024-08-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240803160206/https://www.zdnet.com/article/fbi-missing-the-real-hacking-threat-5000095885/ . live .
  26. Web site: 1999-07-10 . HACKERS DELIGHT IN GOVERNMENT WEB WORRIES . 2024-08-09 . Hartford Courant . en-US . 2024-08-09 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240809065912/https://www.courant.com/1999/07/10/hackers-delight-in-government-web-worries/ . live .
  27. News: Schwartz . John . 1999-06-02 . Online Security Is Pentagon's Latest Battle . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240704191746/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/daily/june99/hackers02.htm . 2024-07-04 . 2024-07-04 . Washington Post.
  28. Book: Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2001: Hearings Before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixth Congress, Second Session . 2000 . U.S. Government Printing Office . en . 2024-07-20 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240722163943/https://books.google.com/books?id=IpYcAAAAMAAJ&dq=%22global+hell%22&pg=PA985#v=onepage&q=%22global%20hell%22&f=false . 2024-07-22 . live.
  29. Web site: 1999-06-28 . Army site latest hacking target . 2024-08-02 . ZDNET . en . 2024-08-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240802170242/https://www.zdnet.com/article/army-site-latest-hacking-target/ . live .
  30. Web site: 1999-06-29 . Army site falls prey to hackers . 2024-07-19 . BBC . 2024-02-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240206230713/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/381378.stm . live .
  31. News: 1999-09-17 . U.S. Army Web Site Discontinues Its Use of NT . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240704191738/https://www.hpcwire.com/1999/09/17/u-s-army-web-site-discontinues-its-use-of-nt/ . 2024-07-04 . 2024-07-04 . HPCwire.
  32. Web site: Dickey . Connie E. . 1999-09-01 . Web page hacker arrested, government sites becoming more secure . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240704191740/https://irp.fas.org/news/1999/09/a19990901hacker.htm . 2024-07-04 . 2024-07-04 . irp.fas.org.
  33. Book: Ohlson, Kathleen . Feds Arrest Teen Hacker . 1999-09-06 . IDG Enterprise . en . 2024-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240307132604/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=hyDkcWWyD_4C&pg=PA27&dq=globalHell&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjp1v3Cw-GEAxXRs1YBHen-BFwQuwV6BAgFEAY#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false . 2024-03-07 . live.
  34. Web site: 1999-09-01 . FBI Arrests Teenager Suspected As Hacker of Pentagon System . WSJ . 2024-08-09 . 2024-07-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240715121237/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB936143295363671484 . live .
  35. Web site: 1999-09-01 . Teen hacker arrested . 2024-08-02 . ZDNET . en . 2024-08-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240803160325/https://www.zdnet.com/home-and-office/networking/teen-hacker-arrested/ . live .
  36. News: Suro . Roberto . 1999-09-01 . The Hackers Who Won't Quit . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221206142140/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/daily/sept99/global1.htm . 2022-12-06 . 2024-03-07 . Washington Post.
  37. Web site: 1999-09-15 . Tips on Technology . 2024-03-07 . Saipan Tribune . en . 2024-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240307132549/https://www.saipantribune.com/news/local/tips-on-technology/article_662e6bb3-d062-5bfd-9a67-03711de84988.html . live .
  38. Book: Sine Pari . 1997. U.S. Army Special Operations Command . en . 2024-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240307132516/https://books.google.com/books?id=opSS9Xmsjw4C&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=RA4-PA109&dq=globalHell&hl=en#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false . 2024-03-07 . live.
  39. Web site: Shandor . John . 1999-09-03 . Wisconsin Teen Charged with Pentagon Hacking . 2024-07-04 . HPCwire . en-US . 2024-07-04 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240704070436/https://www.hpcwire.com/1999/09/03/wisconsin-teen-charged-with-pentagon-hacking/ . live .
  40. Web site: 1999-08-30 . WISCONSIN HACKER CHARGED WITH MILITARY BREAK-IN . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220914192356/https://www.justice.gov/archive/opa/pr/1999/August/387crm.htm . 2022-09-14 . 2024-07-04 . www.justice.gov.
  41. Web site: 1999-09-03 . FBI charges teen with hacking Army unclassified network . 2024-07-19 . Route Fifty . en . 2024-07-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240719180410/https://www.route-fifty.com/digital-government/1999/09/fbi-charges-teen-with-hacking-army-unclassified-network/311877/ . live .
  42. 2000-03-29 . MostHateD to Plead Most Guilty . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231210001206/http://www.wired.com/2000/03/mosthated-to-plead-most-guilty/ . 2023-12-10 . 2024-03-07 . Wired . en-US . 1059-1028.
  43. Web site: Lemos . Robert . 2000-01-07 . Teen hacks 27 ISPs, gains root access . 2024-08-02 . ZDNET . en.
  44. Book: McClure . Stuart . Hacking frenzy shows network security breaches are not about to go out of fashion . Scambray . Joel . 2000-01-24 . InfoWorld Media Group, Inc. . en . 2024-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240307132550/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=eTkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA64&dq=globalHell&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiqjJDn_uGEAxXuqVYBHbLbBl04ChC7BXoECAYQBg#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false . 2024-03-07 . live.
  45. Web site: Gettleman . Jeffrey . 2000-01-12 . Passwords of PacBell Net Accounts Stolen . 2024-07-04 . Los Angeles Times . en-US . 2024-06-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240601131434/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-jan-12-fi-53116-story.html . live .
  46. Web site: 2000-04-21 . CYBER ATTACK: IMPROVING PREVENTION AND PROSECUTION' . 2024-07-05 . www.govinfo.gov . 2023-09-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230929081542/https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-106shrg69335/html/CHRG-106shrg69335.htm . live .
  47. Web site: White House . 2024-07-05 . web.textfiles.com . 2021-05-27 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210527092653/http://web.textfiles.com/ezines/HWA/hwa-hn52.txt . live .
  48. Book: Auchard, Eric . Hacker cleared of Yahoo attack, but hit other sites . 2000-03-04 . Pittsburgh Post-Gazette . en . https://web.archive.org/web/20240518202733/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=xelRAAAAIBAJ&dq=globalhell&pg=PA4&article_id=5642,1484073&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=globalhell&f=false . 18 May 2024.
  49. Web site: 2016-07-26 . Top 10 Most Notorious Hacking Groups of All Time . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220523120114/https://cyware.com/news/top-10-most-notorious-hacking-groups-of-all-time-32d01ba2 . 2022-05-23 . 2024-03-07 . Cyware Labs . en.
  50. News: 2000-03-07 . ´Coolio´ May Be Charged in Other Hacker Attacks . https://web.archive.org/web/20240518203553/https://www.nytimes.com/2000/03/07/technology/acutecoolioacute-may-be-charged-in-other-hacker-attacks.html . 2024-05-18 . 2024-03-07 . The New York Times . en.
  51. Web site: Hopper . Ian . 2000-02-16 . FBI investigation swamped with tips, continue to seek Midwest 'Coolio' . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220505211837/http://edition.cnn.com/2000/TECH/computing/02/16/dos.attacks.coolio/index.html . 2022-05-05 . 2024-07-04 . CNN.
  52. Web site: 2000-03-27 . Errata: Rajeev Syal of The Telegraph . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230605175858/https://attrition.org/errata/media/telegraph.001.html . 2023-06-05 . 2024-07-04 . attrition.org.
  53. Web site: van der Hoorn . Hielko . 2000-03-29 . Hackersgroep Global Hell succesvol ontwapend . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150624151016/http://tweakers.net/nieuws/9941/hackersgroep-global-hell-succesvol-ontwapend.html . 2015-06-24 . 2024-07-04 . Tweakers . NL.
  54. Web site: Greene . Thomas C. . 2000-03-30 . MostHateD to plead guilty in gLobaL heLL hack case . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230203222650/https://www.theregister.com/2000/03/30/mosthated_to_plead_guilty/ . 2023-02-03 . 2024-07-04 . The Register.
  55. Web site: Greene . Thomas C. . 2000-03-31 . MostHateD in gaol for burglarly . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221130231223/https://www.theregister.com/2000/03/31/mosthated_in_gaol_for_burglary/ . 2022-11-30 . 2024-07-04 . The Register.
  56. Web site: 2000-04-12 . 'MostHateD' pleads to hacking crime . 2024-08-02 . ZDNET . en . 2024-08-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240803155528/https://www.zdnet.com/article/mosthated-pleads-to-hacking-crime/ . live .
  57. Book: Federal Probation . 2000 . Administrative Office of the United States Courts . en . 2024-03-07 . 2024-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240307134325/https://books.google.com/books?id=wzBOqbfxS6wC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=RA7-PA24&dq=globalHell&hl=en#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false . live .
  58. Book: Cracker Cracks . 2000-04-17 . IDG Enterprise . en . 2024-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240307134129/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=pyXLFAU1pgcC&pg=PA14&dq=globalHell&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiqjJDn_uGEAxXuqVYBHbLbBl04ChC7BXoECAUQBg#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false . 2024-03-07 . live.
  59. Book: "Cyber Attack: Improving Prevention and Prosecution" : Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Technology, Terrorism, and Government Information of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, One Hundred Sixth Congress, Second Session, on Examining how to Combat Cyber Attacks by Improving Prevention and Prosecution, Scottsdale, AZ, April 21, 2000 . 2001 . U.S. Government Printing Office . 978-0-16-064807-6 . en . March 7, 2024 . March 7, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240307134017/https://books.google.com/books?id=46MegYVa5u0C&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA73&dq=globalHell&hl=en#v=onepage&q=globalHell&f=false . live .
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  61. Web site: 2000-04-12 . SECOND "GLOBAL HELL" HACKER PLEADS GUILTY; PATRICK GREGORY FACES UP TO FIVE YEARS IN PRISON FOR CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT TELECOMMUNICATIONS FRAUD AND COMPUTER HACKING . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20000619120801/http://www.usdoj.gov/criminal/cybercrime/gregory.htm . 2000-06-19 . U.S. Department of Justice.
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